Terra sebv s acta mvsei sabesiensi s
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Revisiting the Collection of Tatar Musical-Ethnographic
49 Perm, Orenburg, Simferopol, Ufa, Astrakhan and other places. 22 N. V. Nikolskiy, 23 S. Sattarov, G. A. Filippov published works on Tatar ethnography in Inorodcheskoe obozrenie and in separate supplements to it. For instance, G. A. Filippov’s musical notations for Christened Tatar and Chuvash Round dances were published in the article Tatarsko-chuvashskie
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An active role in missionary-educative activities among Christened Tatars was taken by Professor N. I. Ilminskiy, an Orientalist 25 at Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy and Imperial Kazan University who contributed much to Tatar ethnography. He was one of the first to study the everyday life, national beliefs and languages of nations of the Volga region such as the Mari, 26 Udmurt,
27 Chuvash, 28 Mordva
29 and Tatar-Kryashens. 30 He lived in the Old Tatar Settlement 31 for a long time, travelling to villages in Kazan province and becoming acquainted with local traditions and religious customs. The philological and ethnographical knowledge gleaned from these expeditionary trips helped the academic in both his investigative and missionary-educative activities. The Kazan Central School for Christened Tatars (1864) 32 and the Kazan Non-Russian Normal School for the Nations of the Volga Region (1872), both established by Ilminskiy, were the result of the Christianisation
22 Ibid., fund 969, list 1, folder 79, p. 48, 59, 60, 62. 23 Nikolskiy 1914. 24 Filippov 1915, p. 753-760. 25 Nikolay Ivanovich Ilminskiy (1822-1891) was a Russian Orientalist, pedagogue- missionary and corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences. In 1846 he graduated from the Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy, where he stayed as a teacher of natural sciences and Turkic-Tatar languages; in 1847 he was awarded Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees from the same academy. Between 1851 and 1854 he was sent to Damascus, Cairo and other cities of the Middle East. On his return, he taught Oriental languages and some other subjects in the Missionary (anti-Muslim) Department of the Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy. After a long-term expedition in 1861, Ilminskiy returned to Kazan and taught at Kazan University in the Department of Turkic-Tatar languages, Historical-Philological Faculty (Gusterin 2014, p. 42). From 1870, he was a corresponding member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. In 1872, he became a Director of the Kazan Non-Russian Normal School. 26 Mari: Finno-Ugrian nation based in the Mari El Republic (Russia). 27 Udmurt: Finno-Ugrian nation based in the Udmurt Republic (Russia). 28 Chuvash: Turkic nation based in the Chuvash Republic (Russia). 29 Mordva: Finno-Ugrian nation based in Mordovia (Russia). 30 Tatars-Kryashens: ethno-confessional group belonging to the Tatars of Volga and Ural regions, residing mainly in Tatarstan (Russia). 31 Old Tatar Settlement: a historical area in the centre of Kazan. 32 Reshetova 2008, p. 329; Ilminskiy 1887, p. 75. www.cclbsebes.ro/muzeul-municipal-ioan-raica.html / www.cimec.ro
E. I. Safiullina
50 policy. Later, Christened-Tatar Schools were developed beyond Kazan in Simbir, Samara, Ufa, Orenburg and Vyatka provinces. Ilminskiy regularly reported on his missionary education work among non-Russians to the Ministry of Education, as evidenced by the following words of acknowledgement in a letter from the Minister, D. A. Tolstoy: 33
“Thank you for your letter, containing so many curious facts about the modern religious situation of the non-Russian population of the Kazan eparchy. I find your methods for consolidating Christianity amongst Tatars, based on all-round study of their everyday life, as most fit for purpose” 34
Ilminskiy was able to draw academic conclusions about the peculiarities of language, everyday life and rituals of the Kryashen and Tatars. Church music was of great importance amongst non-Russian nations that adopted Christianity; it was considered a significant way to implement Christian ideology. 35 One of Ilminskiy’s students, a missionary and teacher at Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy called V. T. Timofeev, opened a special school for the children of converted Tatars in which music had a significant place, with concerts regularly organised in which children sang Kryashen songs and liturgical chants. Alongside collection of ethnographical material relating to the Tatars, the teachers of the Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy made interesting observations regarding features of religious holiday celebrations and the chanting of the Koran. 36 For example, the missionary, Orientalist and Islamic studies expert, S. Sablukov, 37 on visiting a mosque characterised the imam’s 38 Koran performance as: 33 Dmitry Andreevich Tolstoy (1823-1889) was a Russian statesman, State Councillor (1866), senator, attorney-general of the Holy Governing Synod (1865-1880), Minister of National Enlightenment (1866-1880), Secretary of the Interior and chief of the gendarmes (1882-1889). He was also an honorary member (1866) and a President (from 1882) of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, an honorary member of Saint Petersburg Mineralogical Society and Imperial Moscow Technical School, and an Actual Privy Councillor. 34 NATR, fund 968, list 1, folder 8, p. 45. 35 Salitova 2008, p. 89-90. 36 The Koran is the sacred book of Islam. The word Koran derives from the Arabic for reading aloud, edification. According to Islam, the Koran is a code of revelations pronounced by the Prophet Mohammed on behalf of God. 37 Gordiy Semenovich Sablukov (1803-1880) was a Russian Orientalist, Professor of the Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy, and a specialist in Islam. In 1826 he graduated from Orenburg Ecclesiastical Academy and from 1830 to 1849 taught History and Oriental Languages in Saratov Ecclesiastical Seminary. From 1849 to 1862 he taught Oriental and Classical Languages in the Anti-Muslim Department of the Kazan Ecclesiastical Academy. 38 Imam: religious leader who leads worship in a mosque. www.cclbsebes.ro/muzeul-municipal-ioan-raica.html / www.cimec.ro Yüklə 12,44 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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