21
22
Table 3-1 Levels of Significant Exposure to Barium - Oral
(continued)
Exposure/
Duration/
a
Frequency
Key to Species
(Route)
Figure (Strain)
Rat
13 wk
7 d/wk
Charles-River
(W)
Mouse
90 d
(B6C3F1)
(W)
System
Resp
Cardio
Hemato
Musc/skel
Hepatic
Renal
Bd Wt
Resp
Cardio
Gastro
Hemato
Musc/skel
Hepatic
Renal
Ocular
Bd Wt
Metab
LOAEL
Reference
NOAEL
Less Serious
Serious
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Chemical Form
Comments
35
Tardiff et al. 1980
Barium chloride
35
35
35
35
35
35
450 M
450 M
NTP 1994
Barium chloride
450 M
450 M
450 M
450 M
205 M
450 M
450 M (nephropathy)
205 M
450 M (30% lower final body
weight)
450 M
BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS
35
23
Table 3-1 Levels of Significant Exposure to Barium - Oral
(continued)
Exposure/
Duration/
a
Frequency
Key to Species
(Route)
Figure (Strain)
Mouse
15 d
(B6C3F1)
(W)
Immuno/ Lymphoret
24
Rat
36 wk
(Sprague-
Dawley)
(W)
25
Rat
46 wk
(Sprague-
(W)
Dawley)
26
Rat
90 d
(Fischer- 344) (W)
27
Mouse
90 d
(B6C3F1)
(W)
System
Resp
Cardio
Gastro
Hemato
Hepatic
Renal
Bd Wt
Metab
LOAEL
Reference
NOAEL
Less Serious
Serious
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Chemical Form
70 M
70 M
70 M
70 M
70 M
70 M
70 M
70 M
NTP 1994
Barium chloride
37.5 M
McCauley et al. 1985
NR
37.5 F
McCauley et al. 1985
NR
180 F
NTP 1994
Barium chloride
205 M
450 M (thymic and splenic
atrophy)
NTP 1994
Barium chloride
Comments
Histological
examination of thymus
and lymph nodes.
Histological
examination of thymus
and lymph nodes.
Histological
examination of spleen
and thymus.
Histological
examination of spleen
and thymus.
BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS
3. HEALTH EFFECTS
36
31
32
33
Table 3-1 Levels of Significant Exposure to Barium - Oral
(continued)
Exposure/
LOAEL
Duration/
a
Key to Species
Frequency
NOAEL
Less Serious
Serious
Reference
Figure (Strain)
(Route)
System
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
(mg/kg/day)
Chemical Form
Comments
Neurological
28
Rat
(Sprague-
Dawley)
36 wk
(W)
37.5 M
McCauley et al. 1985
NR
Histological
examination of brain.
29
Rat
(Sprague-
Dawley)
46 wk
(W)
37.5 F
McCauley et al. 1985
NR
Histological
examination of brain.
30
Rat
(Fischer- 344)
90 d
(W)
115 F
180 F (decreased
spontaneous
motor activity)
NTP 1994
Barium chloride
BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS
3. HEALTH EFFECTS
37
Rat
15 d
110
NTP 1994
(Fischer- 344) (W)
Barium chloride
Rat
13 wk
35
Tardiff et al. 1980
Histological
Charles-River 7 d/wk
examination of brain.
Barium chloride
(W)
Mouse
90 d
200 F
495 F (decreased forelimb grip
NTP 1994
(B6C3F1)
(W)
strength)
Barium chloride
34
Mouse
(B6C3F1)
15 d
(W)
70 M
NTP 1994
Barium chloride
Reproductive
35
Rat
(Fischer- 344)
M: 60 d
F: 30 d
(W)
200 M
c
180 F
Dietz et al. 1992
Barium chloride