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Linux Basics WeeSan Lee
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tarix | 08.08.2018 | ölçüsü | 1,03 Mb. | | #61597 |
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Linux Basics
Roadmap What is Unix? What is Linux? Which Linux Distribution is better? Fish vs. Fishing Vi and Emacs Q&A References
What is Unix? A multi-task and multi-user Operating System Developed in 1969 at AT&T’s Bell Labs by - Ken Thompson (Unix)
- Dennis Ritchie (C)
- Douglas Mcllroy (Pipes - Do one thing, do it well)
Some other variants: System V, Solaris, SCO Unix, SunOS, 4.4BSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, BSDI
What is Linux? A clone of Unix Developed in 1991 by Linus Torvalds, a Finnish graduate student Linus' Minix became Linux Consist of - Linux Kernel
- GNU (GNU is Not Unix) Software
- Software Package management
- Others
What is Linux? Originally developed for 32-bit x86-based PC Ported to other architectures, eg. - Alpha, VAX, PowerPC, IBM S/390, MIPS, IA-64
- PS2, TiVo, cellphones, watches, Nokia N810, NDS, routers, NAS, GPS, …
Which Linux Distribution is better? - Slackware (one of the oldest, simple and stable distro.)
- Redhat
- RHEL (commercially support)
- Fedora (free)
- CentOS (free RHEL, based in England)
- SuSe ( based in German)
- Gentoo (Source code based)
- Debian (one of the few called GNU/Linux)
- Ubuntu (based in South Africa)
- Knoppix (first LiveCD distro.)
- …
Which Linux Distribution is better?
Which Linux Distribution is better? Ask yourself these questions (from LAH) - Is it going to be around in 5 yrs?
- Is it giong to stay on top of the latest security patches?
- Is it going to release updated software promptly?
- If I have problems, will the vendor talk to me?
Personally, I use Slackware But, we will use CentOS (possibly along with Slackware :)
Fish vs. Fishing Manpage - $ man ls
- $ man 2 mkdir
- $ man man
- $ man -k mkdir
Manpage sections (LAH Table 1.2 @ page 12)
Fish vs. Fishing (cont) Google - linux package management -rpm
- “linux package management” -rpm
- linux OR windows
- rpm site:redhat.com
- linux faq filetype:pdf
Info
Basic Commands ls - $ ls -l
- $ ls -a
- $ ls -la
- $ ls -l --sort=time
- $ ls -l --sort=size -r
cd pwd ~ ~user What will “cd ~/weesan” do?
Basic Commands (cont) echo - $ echo “Hello World”
- $ echo -n “Hello World”
cat - $ cat /etc/motd
- $ cat /proc/cpuinfo
cp - $ cp foo bar
- $ cp -a foo bar
mv mkdir
Basic Commands (cont) tar gzip untar & ungzip - $ gzip -cd lab1.tar.gz | tar xvf –
- $ tar xvfz lab1.tar.gz
touch - $ touch foo
- $ cat /dev/null > foo
Basic Commands (cont) Disk usage File space usage Advance stuff - $ ssh eon who
- $ ssh eon ‘cd .html ; tar cvfp - cs183 | gzip -9c’ | tar xvfpz -
- $ ssh kilo-1 ‘tar cvfp - /extra/weesan’ | tar xvfp - -C /
Vi 2 modes - Input mode
- Command mode
- Cursor movement
- h (left), j (down), k (up), l (right)
- ^f (page down)
- ^b (page up)
- ^ (first char.)
- $ (last char.)
- G (bottom page)
- :1 (goto first line)
- Swtch to input mode
- a (append)
- i (insert)
- o (insert line after
- O (insert line before)
Emacs $ emacs Cursor movement - ^f (forward one char.)
- ^b (backward one char.)
- ^a (begin of line)
- ^e (end of line)
- ^n (next line)
- ^p (prev. line)
- ^v (page up)
- alt-v (page down)
Deletion - ^d (delete one char)
- alt-d (delete one word)
- ^k (delete line)
Q&A
References LAH Unix history - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix
- http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Unix_history-simple.svg
Linus Torvalds - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Torvalds
Linux Kernel
References GNU (Gnu’s Not Unix) - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Linux_distributions
PS2: Computational Cluster - http://arrakis.ncsa.uiuc.edu/ps2/cluster.php
Linux Gadgets - http://linuxdevices.com/articles/AT4936596231.html
TiVo - http://dynamic.tivo.com/linux/linux.asp
References Nintendo DS Lite - http://www.nintendo.com/ds/
Nokia N810 - http://www.nokia.com/
- http://www.engadget.com/2007/10/17/nokia-n810-gets-official/
Linux Distribution - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution
- GNU/Linux Distro Timeline: http://futurist.se/gldt/
- http://www.distrowatch.com/
- http://www.linux.org/dist/
Google Advance Search - http://www.google.com/intl/en/help/refinesearch.html
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