Azərbaycan mġLLĠ elmlər akademġyasi a. A. Bakixanov adina tarġX Ġnstġtutu
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Having well taken the opportunity, Y.Manadyan, S.Yeremyan etc. compiled and hastely published numerous bipartial works about Albanian history. Judgements about localization of Ghirdman fortress, and on its basis Ghirdman province territories, in general, in west of Albania, i.e. on the frontier with Armenia and Georgia were also brought to Soviet historical studies namely in this period. In chapter II called as «Administrative-Political Units of Albania in the
brief historico-geographical review about Chola, Lpina, Cambisena, Ajari, Qabala, Shaki, Sunik, Artsakh, Paytakaran and Uti provinces first dwells on the localization of Ghirdman province. Let's mention that most of those who wrote about Ghirdman problem confined themselves to citing medieval sources, particularly works of Armenian and Georgian historians. However, without sufficient account for natural-historical realities, which through centuries had remained unchanged, about the territory's natural-geographical conditions, toponymy, the population's ethnical content, language, culture and especially material-cultural monuments, surely, it wasn't correct to state judgement about historical geography of Ghirdman province. Thus, just like 60-70 years before, Ghirdman problem today still remains very serious polemic subject in our native historical studies. The point is about discords in historical studies for localization of Ghirdman territories.
within borders of modern Tovuz and Qazakh districts. The judgement was first suggested by apology-for-Caucasian scholar S.T.Yeremyan. In some of his articles and works he tried to ground location of Ghirdman fortress, and on its basis Ghirdman province in west of Albania - on the frontier with Iberia and Armenia.
located on the territory of modem Shamkir, Gadabay and Dashkasan districts, to be exact, in the basin of the Ghirdman river being east branch of the Shamkirchay river. Since the mid 60s the judgement as main hypothesis for localization of Ghirdman territories was reflected first in the works of Z.M.Bunyadov, and later other Albanian soholars, and, at last, in generalizing works about history of Albania.
Ghirdman territories located in west or north-west of Albania, right bank of the Kur river, on the frontier with Armenian and Georgian lands.
and G.A.Gheybullayеv, in the Early Middle Ages on Albania territory there at the same time existed two Ghirdman provinces. Supposedly, one of them located on Shirvan territory, and another - in west of Albania, to be exact, on the territory of modern Shamkir and Gadabay districts.
B.Miller, Ghirdman province located on highland Shirvan territory. In 40s 328
M.Vakilov, and in 50s M.Kh.Sharifli expressed their attitude to the problem. In 70s I.N.Aliyev and F.L.Osmanov appeared with some very serious arguments about location of Ghirdman at Shirvan territory. But subsequently they stopped on supposition about locating of Ghirdman province not on Shirvan territory, but in west of Albania, to be exact, on the territory of Shamkir, Dashkasan, Tovuz or Qazakh districts. Thus, judgements about locating of Ghirdman fortress and naturally Ghirdman province on Shirvan territory, still remain as suppositions. Let's remind that no primary source gives information about locating of Ghirdman province in west of Albania. On the contrary, there is plenty of data about its locating on Shirvan territory. For example, due to Koriun, Mesrop Mashtots, who came to Albania for dealing with enlightenment activity, meets with prince and bishop of the country, gets their support on establishing Albanian alphabet. After completing the activities in Balasakan province he makes for Iberia country. Koriun writes: «He reaches Ghirdman valley. Ghirdman ishkhan Khurs meets him, shows hospitability... Having abundantly eaten fruits and drinken juices, Mashtots rested and again continued his travel to Iberia. The notes of Koriun show that if Ghirdman province located in west of Azerbaijan, then Mashtots going from Armenia to Balasakan had to pass namely there. However, when going from Balasakan to Iberia he was in Ghirdman. And this means that Ghirdman was not over road leading from Armenia territory to Balasakan, but namely over road going from Balasakan to Iberia. Overwhelming part of the authors supposing location of Ghirdman province within modern Shamkir, Tovuz or Qazakh districts referred to the data of M.Kalankatuisky, being the original source. Despite that notes of the Albanian historian don't give any information concretely about this. On the contrary, his notes have enough weighty reference points proving location of Ghirdman province namely at Shirvan territory. For example, according to M.Kalankatuisky, heralds delivered a letter, sent by shah Khosrov for making Mehran who run away together with 30 thousand families to unify with Khazars, to him in Ghirdman province. In our view, the information of the Albanian historian has big scientific value for localization of Ghirdman namely at Shirvan territory. Because when advancing toward north for unifying with Khazars together with 30 thousand families, Mehran unwillingly had to pass namely through Shirvan territory. Because this was the closest way from Iran to Derbent. Besides, notes of M.Kalankatuisky, describing Ghirdman territories, more often mention namely lowland Shirvan. We'd like to express attitude to another information of M.Kalankatuisky. He writes: «Khazars invaded Albania for plundering it... Having taken his army, Cavanshir passed to another bank of the Major Kur river and attacked Khazars.... Another example: «He came to a place locating at one-day road in north of Firuz- Qubad town... Then together with those who accompanied him he went out off Yüklə 3,89 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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