Book manuscript- (c) 2009 by William Sims Bainbridge

Manual of the First Baptist Church, Providence, R. I. (Providence: Hammond, Angell and Co., 1873), p. 7; the building no longer stands, but a colored picture hangs in the current office of the Central Baptist Church, and a photograph was published in The Centennial Services of the Central Baptist Church, Providence Rhode Island (Providence: Remington Printing Co., 1906), p. 15.

166Providence, Rhode Island, death records, volume 11, page 113; Cleveland Leader, July 15, 1869, p. 4.

167Mrs. S. W. Adams, “The Women of the Church,” in History of the First Baptist Church of Cleveland, Ohio (Cleveland: J. B. Savange, 1883), p. 68.

168Cleveland Leader, July 29, 1869, p. 1.

169Providence, Rhode Island, death records, volume 12, page 153.

170William Folwell Bainbridge, Around the World Tour of Christian Missions (New York: C. R. Blackall, 1882), p. 343.

171Manuscript schedules of the 1870 United States census, Ward Five, Providence, Rhode Island, page 52.

172Edwin C. Rouse, poem for Cleora Augusta Seaman, quoted by A. H. McKinney, Triumphant Christianity (New York: Revell, 1932), p. 18.

173Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, “Mrs. Dana’s Christmas Day,” date uncertain but apparently in the early 1870s, published in an unidentified newspaper.

174“Woman’s Medical College,” clipping from a Cleveland newspaper, probably Spring 1870; cf. Cleveland Leader, November 2, 1869, p. 4.

175Nineteenth Annual Announcement and Catalogue of the Cleveland Homeopathic College (Cleveland: Sanford and Hayward, 1868), p. 6.

176Twenty-Eighth Annual Catalogue and Announcement of the Homeopathic Hospital College (Celveland: Short and Forman, 1877).

177Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, “A Remembrance of my Father and Mother,” typescript, undated but circa 1920; Louis Effingham de Forest, Ancestry of William Seaman Bainbridge (Oxford: Scrivener, 1950), p. 22.

178Yesterdays, p. 92.

179David F. Long, Ready to Hazard: A Biography of Commodore William Bainbridge, 1774-1833 (Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England, 1981); Leonard F. Guttridge and Jay D. Smith, The Commodores (New York: Harper and Row); Philip Vail, The Sea Panther (New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1962); James Grant Wilson and John Fiske, editors, Appletons’ Cyclopedia of American Biography (New York, D. Appleton, 1887), p. 142; booklet for commissioning ceremony, U.S.S. Bainbridge (DLG(N)-25), October 6, 1962, United States Navy, Bethlehem Steel Quincy Yard, Quincy, Massachusetts.

180Louis Effingham De Forest, Ancestry of William Seaman Bainbridge (Oxford: The Scrivener Press, 1950), p. 10.

181The Centennial Services of the Central Baptist Church, Providence Rhode Island (Providence: Remington Printing Co., 1906), p. 24.

182William Folwell Bainbridge, “Address,” (Providence: Millard, Gray and Simpson, 1872).

183William Folwell Bainbridge, Weddings at the Parsonage, poem at the thirty-eighth annual convention of the Delta Upsilon Fraternity, p. 45.

184William Folwell Bainbridge, Weddings at the Parsonage, poem at the thirty-eighth annual convention of the Delta Upsilon Fraternity, p. 51.

185William Folwell Bainbridge, Weddings at the Parsonage, poem at the thirty-eighth annual convention of the Delta Upsilon Fraternity, p. 48.

186John S. Gilkeson, Jr., Middle-Class Providence, 1820-1940 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986), p. 26-27; at the time, the church was called The Pine Street Baptist Church.

187The Sixth Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1873), p. 2; Rhode Island Temperance Union, “More Tell Tales,” tract number 7, 1874, p. 4.

188The Seventh Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1875), p. 10.

189Rhode Island Temperance Union, untitled song sheet “Series No. 1,” date about 1874, p. 4.

190The Seventh Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1875), p. 3.

191The Eighth Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1876), p. 6.

192John S. Gilkeson, Jr., Middle-Class Providence, 1820-1940 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986), p. 181.

193The Eighth Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1876), p. 7.

194William Folwell Bainbridge, “The Relation of the Churches to the Temperance Cause.” In The Eighth Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1876), p. 12.

195Minutes of the General Meeting of the Central Baptist Church, April 3, 1874.

196William Folwell Bainbridge, “Discourse Delivered at the Central Baptist Church,” (Providence, A. Crawford Greene, 1874), p. 8.

197William Folwell Bainbridge, “Discourse Delivered at the Central Baptist Church,” (Providence, A. Crawford Greene, 1874), p. 9.

198William Folwell Bainbridge, “Discourse Delivered at the Central Baptist Church,” (Providence, A. Crawford Greene, 1874), p. 6.

199Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, letter to Anne Hathaway, February 1882.

200W. A. Ingham, Women of Clevaland and Their Work (Cleveland: Ingham, 1893), pp. 165-174.

201Unsigned and untitled historical manuscript, Box 1, Sub-group I, Series I, records of the Rhode Island branch of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, in the archives of the Rhode Island Historical Society.

202Swartz and Tedrowe’s Indianapolis Directory 1872-73 (Indianapolis: Sentinel, 1872), p. 38; Swartz and Tedrowe’s Indianapolis Directory 1873 (Indianapolis: Sentinel, 1873), p. 56; Swartz and Tedrowe’s Annual Indianapolis Directory 1874 (Indianapolis: Sentinel, 1874), p. 57; Swartz and Tedrowe’s Indianapolis Directory 1875 (Indianapolis: Sentinel, 1875), p. 43; Swartz and Company’s Indianapolis Directory 1876 (Indianapolis: Sentinel, 1876), p. 43; I. P. Tedrowe, S. E. Tilford and Company’s Indianapolis City Directory 1877 (Indianapolis: Publishing House, 1877), p. 43.

203“A Brilliant Wedding,” unattributed newspaper clipping in the scrapbook of Lucy Seaman Bainbridge. The 1880 census gave Carrie’s birthplace as Indiana, and the Indianapolis city directories confirmed this site.

204Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, “Indianapolis and Cleveland,” letter dated June 8, Providence Journal, June 22, 1874.

205Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, letter to Anne Hathaway, February 1882.

206Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, “Indianapolis and Cleveland,” letter dated June 8, Providence Journal, June 22, 1874.

207Minutes of the meetings of the Rhode Island Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, January 20, 1875, in the archives of the Rhode Island Historical Society.

208The Seventh Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1875), p. 3.

209The Seventh Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1875), p. 6.

210The Seventh Annual Report of the Rhode Island Temperance Union (Providence: Providence Press, 1875), p. 10.

211Lucy Seaman Bainbridge and Mrs. S. Clough, “Report from the Committee for Rhode Island,” March 14, 1876, letter in the archives of the Rhode Island Historical Society.

212Records of annual meetings, Central Baptist Church, Providence, Rhode Island, October 28, 1875.

213The Centennial Services of the Central Baptist Church, Providence Rhode Island (Providence: Remington Printing Co., 1906), p. 73.

214Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: D. Lothrup, 1882), p. 458.

215Writ, Gilman Spalding versus William F. Bainbridge, Providence Court of Common Please, November 21, 1876.

216“Providence News,” unattributed newspaper clipping, ca. March 1876.

217We know this because Lucy’s newspaper scrapbook contains a pencil first draft of the article.

218L. Prentiss, “The Pastorates from 1846 to 1883.” In History of the First Baptist Church of Cleveland, Ohio (Cleveland: J. B. Savage, 1883), p. 36.

219Manual of the Union Congregational Church in Providence, R. I., printed by order of the church, 1894, pp. 11, 65.

220Rev. A. J. F. Behrends, “Sermon and Farewell Address,” (Providence: Livermore and Knight, 1883), unpaginated.

221Manual of the First Baptist Church, Providence, R. I. (Providence: Hammond, Angell and Co., 1873), pp. 9-11.

222Manual of the Union Congregational Church of Providence R. I. (Providence: Union Church, 1876), p. 13.

223Tenth Annual Report of the Women’s Christian Association (Providence: J. A. & R. A. Reid, 1877), p. 12.

224Twelfth Annual Report of the Women’s City Missionary Society (Providence: J. A. & R. A. Reid, 1879), p. 4. Despite the similiarities with the Women’s Christian Association, these were separate organizations with very few shared members.

225Records of The Missionary Sewing Circle of the Central Baptist Church and Congregation, 1873-1876, archives of the Central Baptist Church, Providence, Rhode Island.

226William Folwell Bainbridge, Along the Lines at the Front: A General Survey of Baptist Home and Foreign Missions (Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1882), pp. 174-175.

227A. H. McKinney, Triumphant Christianity (Ney York: Fleming H. Revell, 1932), p. 43.

228The Rhode Island Women’s Club of Providence (Providence: Rhode Island Women’s Club, 1893), p. 63; Marion D. Almy, “Story of a Club — Rhode Island Women’s Club,” typescript in the archives of the Rhode Island Historical Society, 1971.

229Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Yesterdays (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1924), p. 92.

230Gordon S. Haight (ed.), A Century of George Eliot Criticism (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965); John Holmstrom and Laurence Lerner (eds.), George Eliot and Her Readers (New York: Barnes and Noble, 1966).

231John S. Gilkeson, Middle-Class Providence, 1820-1940 (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1986), p. 160.

232George Eliot (Marian Evans), Daniel Deronda (New York: A. L. Burt, 1928 [1876]), pp. 122-123.

233George Eliot (Marian Evans), Daniel Deronda (New York: A. L. Burt, 1928 [1876]), pp. 133-134; cf. Suzanne Graver, George Eliot and Community (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), p. 226.

234George Eliot (Marian Evans), Daniel Deronda (New York: A. L. Burt, 1928 [1876]), p. 456.

235John Crombie Brown, The Ethics of George Eliot’s Works (Port Washington, New York: Kennikat Press, 1969 [1879]).

236 The Centennial Services of the Central Baptist Church, Providence Rhode Island (Providence: Remington Printing Co., 1906), p. 76-77.

237Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, poem based on “Little Boy Blue,” accompanying a tinted copy of a photograph taken of her son just before his third birthday, presented to him at Christmas 1914.

238A. H. McKinney, Triumphant Christianity: The Life and Work of Lucy Seaman Bainbridge (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1932), p. 44.

239William Seaman Bainbridge, travel diary, 1917.

240Barbara Bainbridge McIntosh, Legacy, unpublished typescript, p. 1.

241Unattributed and incomplete newspaper clipping, supplemented by comments made by William Seaman Bainbridge in his 1917 travel diary.

242John Farmer Seaman, letter to William Seaman Bainbridge and Helen Augusta Bainbridge, Christmas, 1876; the letter is not dated, but he did not live until the next Christmas, and the previous Christmas would have been too early for his grandson to be attending school.

243William Seaman Bainbridge, notes from a speech to the American Association of Obstetricians, Gynegologists, and Abdominal Surgeons, Cleveland, Ohio, September 19, 1924.

244Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Yesterdays (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1924), p. 93.

245Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Yesterdays (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1924), pp. 93-94.

246William Seaman Bainbridge, travel diary, May-July 1923.

247Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Yesterdays (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1924), p. 100.

248The Semi-Centennial Celebration of the Central Baptist Sunday School (Prividence: Central Baptist Sunday School, 1878); the same description also appeared in “A Half-Century of Sabbath-School Work,” Providence Journal, May 10, 1877.

249“Sunday Schools Down the River,” unattributed Providence newspaper article.

250Obituary notices for John Farmer Seaman, Cleveland, Ohio, shortly after June 3, 1877; Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Yesterdays (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1924), p. 21.

251The Bible, II Kings 2:11-12.

252Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending June 1878 (Cleveland: Robison, Savage, 1877), pp. 44, 543.

253Cleveland Leader Annual City Directory for 1868-69 (Cleveland: Leader, 1868); Cleveland Leader Annual City Directory for 1869-70 (Cleveland: Leader, 1869), p. 263; Wiggins and Weaver’s Directory of the City of Cleveland and Adjoining Towns for 1870-71 (Cleveland: Wiggins and Weaver, 1870), p. 257; Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending June 1876 (Cleveland: Robison, Savage, 1875).

254The Clevland Directory for the Year Ending June 1882 (Cleveland: Clevland Directory Co., 1881), p. 488; this directory (p. 42) seems to indicate that Mary E. Harvey Bainbridge, widow of William Folwell Bainbridge’s brother Dana, lived at 122 Prospect in 1881, so Cleveland was filled with Bainbridge relatives named Mary.

255Financial records of the Central Baptist Church, Providence, Rhode Island.

256William Elliot Griffis, The Mikado’s Empire (New York: Harper, 1876); William Butler, The Land of the Veda (New York: Carleton and Lanahan, 1872).

257John L. Nevius, China and the Chinese (New York: Harper, 1869).

258Central Baptist Church, minutes of the regular general meeting of May 6, 1878.

259Central Baptist Church, minutes of the regular general meeting of May 13, 1878.

260William Folwell Bainbridge, letter to the Central Baptist Church and Society, October 6, 1878.

261“An Important Resignation,” The Watchman, Boston, October 1878.

262A scrapbook in the archives of Central Baptist Church, Providence, contains the clippings of Lucy’s newspaper articles, which are practically identical to the chapters of her book. The newspaper version has the advantage that most letters are precisely dated.

263Benton Johnson, "On Church and Sect," American Sociological Review, 1963, 28: 539-549; "Church and Sect Revisited," Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 1971, 10: 124-137; Rodney Stark and William Sims Bainbridge, The Future of Religion (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985), pp. 19-67.

264Liston Pope, Millhands and Preachers (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1942).

265Rodney Stark, Laurence R. Iannaccone and Roger Finke, "Religion, Science, and Rationality," AEA Papers and Proceedings, 1996, 86 (2): 433-437; Roger Finke and Rodney Stark, "Religious Economies and Sacred Canopies: Religious Mobilization in American Cities," American Sociological Review, 1988, 53: 41-49; Roger Finke and Rodney Stark, The Churching of America, 1776-1990: Winners and Losers in our Religious Economy (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1992); Laurence Iannaccone, "Why Strict Churches are Strong," American Journal of Sociology, 1994, 99: 1180-1211.

266 Claude Levi-Strauss, The Elementary Structures of Kinship (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969).

267Robert E. Park, Ernest W. Burgess, Roderick D. McKenzie, and Louis Wirth, The City. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1925); Talcott Parsons, "Evolutionary Universals in Society," American Sociological Review, 1964, 29:339-357.

2681880 U.S. Census manuscript schedules for Cleveland, Ohio, enumeration district 50, p. 18; The Cleveland Directory for the Year Ending 1880 (Cleveland: Cleveland Directory Company, p. 118. Strangely, the 1880 census does not list Helen living with any of her immediate Cleveland relatives. Her parents had not yet returned to the country, and when they did arrive back in America ,Helen was brought east from Cleveland by a friend of Lucy.

2691880 U.S. Census manuscript schedules for Cleveland, Ohio, enumeration district 21, p. 29.

270G. A. Hyde, “Statistics of Other Baptist Churches in Cleveland,” in History of the First Baptist Church of Cleveland, Ohio (Cleveland: J. B. Savange, 1883), p. 87.

2711880 U.S. Census manuscript schedules for Cleveland, Ohio, enumeration district 49, p. 200.

272Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 25.

273Clarence P. Hornung, Wheels Across America (New York: A. S. Barnes, 1959), pp. 122-131 abound in engravings of railway cars of the period.

274Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 28.

275Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 30-31.

276Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 41.

277William Folwell Bainbridge, Around the World Tour of Christian Missions (New York: Blackall, 1882), p. 90.

278Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, “The Work as Seen in Foreign Lands,” Missions, June 1921, 12:6, p. 349; William Folwell Bainbridge, Along the Lines at the Front: A General Survey of Baptist Home and Foreign Missions (Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1882), pp. 117-118.

279Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 54-55.

280William Folwell Bainbridge, Around the World Tour of Christian Missions (New York: Blackall, 1882), p. 114; Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 57.

281William Folwell Bainbridge, Around the World Tour of Christian Missions (New York: Blackall, 1882), p. 110.

282William Folwell Bainbridge, Around the World Tour of Christian Missions (New York: Blackall, 1882), p. 111.

283Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 64-65.

284Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 70.

285Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 78-79.

286Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 82-83.

287Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), p. 93.

288Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Round the World Letters (Boston: Lothrop, 1882), pp. 97-98.

289Lucy Seaman Bainbridge, Yesterdays (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1924), p. 63; William Folwell Bainbridge, Around the World Tour of Christian Missions (New York: C. R. Blackall, 1882), p. 125.

290Arthur Sherburne Hardy, Life and Letters of Joseph Hardy Neesima (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1892), p. 9.

291J. D. Davis, A Maker of New Japan: Rev. Joseph Hardy Neesima (New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1894), p. 32.

292William Seaman Bainbridge, notes from a speech, Conference for Outgoing Missionaries, Board of Foreign Missions, Presbyterian Church, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City, June 11, 1921.

293William Seaman Bainbridge, notes from a speech given at The Children’s Village, Dobb’s Ferry, New York, October 2, 1937.

294William Seaman Bainbridge, notes from a speech given at the 77th Division Club to the Tiger Post of the American Legion in New York City, October 18, 1943.

295Frances Gulick Jewett,