Botanic Scientific Terms

squamifolia - DSN. L. Having scale-like leaves. See Wahlenbergia s. - 16, 418e

squarrosa - DSN. L. With parts spreading or recurved at the ends. See Pogonarthria s.,

Blepharis s. - 1, 12; 16,24i, 394f

squarrosus - Squarrose, i.e. rough with scales, tips, bracts, etc., projecting outwards usually about 90º. - 14, 517

squilla – DSN. The sea squill. See Scilla.- 18,450
SR

sry- - See sy-
ST
stachy- - G. stachyo-, stachys-, stachyus-. In compounds, relating to a spike. - 14, 517

stachya – Spots. See Chrysostachya. - 18,48

stachyerum – DSN. Spikelike. See Otholobium s. – 18,462

stachyo- - G. stachy-, stachys-, stachyus-. In compounds, relating to a spike. - 14, 517

stachyoides - DSN. G. Resembling the genus Stachys, Wound Wort, a member of the family Lamiaceae. See Disa s. - 16, 98f; 18,368,458

stachys – DSN. G. m. An ear of corn, in modern botany, a spike. See genus Tristachya, Polystachya, Pycnostachys, Listrostachys, Stachys, Stachytarpheta. See stachyoides. Genus of the family Lamiaceae. - 1, 12, 84, 228, 230; 3, 131; 12, 300; 13, 1219; 14, 279; 16, 98f, 106a, 346c, 356d,e, 358e, 360g; 18,124,182,242,424,470,472,520; 28,290,378

stachys- - G. stachyo-, stachy-, stachyus-. In compounds, relating to a spike. - 14, 517

stachysus- - G. stachyo-, stachys-, stachy-. In compounds, relating to a spike. - 14, 517

stachyurus - From stakhus, a spike and oura, a tail. For genus Stachyurus it refers to the shape of the floral racemes. - 10, 303

staehelina – CSN. N. Staehelin. See Staehelinoides. - 1, 274; 16, 434g

staehelinoides - DSN. Resembling the genus Staehelina, named after Benedikt Staehelin. See Vernonia s. - 1,274; 16, 434g

stakhus – DSN. A spike. See genus Stachyurus. - 10, 303

stalix – DSN. G. Stake. See Sigmatostalix. - 14,279; 28, 394

standard petal - See vexillum. - 14, 518

stanfordiae - CSN. Miss K Stanford. - 12, 303

stangeria – CSN. Named after Dr. W. Stanger, Surveyor General of Natal. See genus Stangeria.- 18,500

stanhopea - CGN. For Rt Hon Philip Henry Stanhope who was president of the London medico-Botanical Society 1829-1837. - 28, 399

stanleyi - CSN. Edward Smith Stanley. See Clemantopsis sacbiosfolia subsp s. - 16, 140c

stans – DSN. Standing upright. See Tecoma s. - 10, 316, 340; 14, 518

stapelia - CGN. Johannes von Stapel, Dutch physician and botanist. - 16, 314g, 316d; 18,302,584

stapeliaformis - DSN. L. Resembling Stapelia. See Ceropegia s. - 1, 212

stapeliiformis - DGN. L. Refers to resemblance of some species formerly placed in genus Stapelia. See Ceropegia s. subsp serpentina. - 16, 318e; 18,174

staphule – DSN. Cluster. See genus Staphylea . - 10, 304

staphyle – DSN. G. f. Bunch of grapes. - 14, 279

staphylea - DSN. From staphule, cluster, and refers to the arrangement of the flower heads. - 10,304

staurostemmon - DSN. G. With cross-wise stamens. See Hermannia s. - 16, 260b

stayneri - CSN. Frank Stayner. - 12, 303

steganos – DSN. G. Covered. See Stegnanotaenia. - 1, 190; 16, 286a

stege – DSN. G. f. Stegos. Shelter, roof. See Macrostegia. - 1, 248; 14, 279

stegnanotaenia - DSN. G. From steganos, covered and taenia, a band. - 16, 286a

stegos – DSN. G. n. Stege. Shelter, roof. - 14, 279

-stela - G. –stele. In compounds, ommon. - 14, 519

stele - G. Column. See Platystele. – 14,279; 28, 371

stellarioides – DSN. Starlike. See Monopsis s. – 18,496

stellaris - DSN. L. Star-like. See Utricularia s. - 1, 248; 16, 386b

stellatum - DSN. L. Starry, Star-like, possibly referring to the flowers. - 16, 176a

stellifera - DSN. L. Bearing stars. See Asclepias s. - 1, 206; 16, 312f; 18,418

stelma - G. n. A garland, wreath or crown. See pachystelma, Brachystelma. - 1, 212, 214; 14, 279; 16,318b,320a; 18,554,582

stema - G. n. Penis, stamen. - 14, 279

-stemma - G. In compounds, garland, wreath, crown. See Stomatostemma, Brachystelma, Sarcostemma.- 14,519; 18,166,172,552

stemma - G. n. A garland, wreath. Cyphostemma, Sacrostemma. - 1, 164, 210; 3, 106; 14, 279; 16,244a,316e; 18,66,280

stemmon - G. Stamens. See Syncolostemmon. - 16, 354e

-stemon - G. In compounds, -stamen. See genus Syncolostemon.- 14, 519; 18,424

stemon - G. m. Pillar. Thread. In modern botany, a stamen. See genus Callistemon, Eriostemon, Penstemon, Syncolostemon. - 10, 62, 142; 12, 301; 13, 1220; 14 , 279; 16, 332d; 18,188

stemonus - G. A wrap, stamen. See Solenostemon. - 16, 356f

stenanthos - DSN. G. Having narrow flowers. See Cyrtanthus s. var s. and Cyrtanthus s. var m. - 16, 76e

stenanthus - DSN. G. Narrow flowers, narrow anthers. See Cyrtanthus s. - 1, 50; 18,40

stengaotaenia - DSN. G and L. From steganos, covered and taenia, a band. - 1, 190

stenia - DSN. G. From stenos narrow, referring to the slender pollinia characteristic of the genus. - 28,402

stenocarpus – DSN. From stenos, narrow and karpos, fruit. For genus Stenocarpus alludes to the unusual narrow, flat seed containers.- 10, 304

stenoglossum – DSN. Narrow tongue, refers to narrow corona lobes. See Schizoglossum s. – 18,300

stenoglottis - DSN. G. From stenos narrow and glotta tongue, descriptive of the tongue-like free part of the lip. - 1,82; 16,104g; 28, 403

stenolobum - DSN. G. With narrow lobes. See Jasminum s. - 16, 296d

stenopetala - DSN. G. Having narrow petals. See Cyphia s. - 1, 264; 16, 420h

stenophylla – DSN. Straight leaves. See Ledebouria s. – 18,344

stenophyllos – DSN. Narrow leaved from, stenos, narrow. - 14, 279

stenophyllus - DSN. With narrow leaves. - 10, 340

stenoplectron – DSN. With narrow spurs. See Disperis s. – 18,370

stenorrhynchus - DSN. G. From stenos narrow and rhynchos snout, after the typically narrow rostellum. - 28, 403

stenos - G. Narrow. See Stenia, Stenocarpus, Stenoglottis, Stenorrhynchus, Stenosemis and species stenanthus, stenophyllos. - 1, 50, 82; 10, 304; 14, 279; 16, 104g; 18,162,360; 28,402,403

stephanandra - DSN. From stephanos, a wreath and andros, male. And refers to the disposition of the stamens. - 10, 305

stephane - G. f. Stephanos. Something that surrounds or encircles hence, crown, wreath. - 14, 279

stephania - CSN. Christian Stephan. - 18,52

stephania - DSN. G. From stephania, a corona, alluding to the anthers forming a crown over the filaments. - 16,136i

stephanos – DSN. G. f. Stephane. Something that surrounds or encircles hence, crown, wreath. See genus Stephanandra. - 10, 305; 14, 279

stephos – DSN. G. n. A crown, wreath, garland. See genus Callistephus, Schistostephium. - 1, 268; 12,301; 13, 1220; 14, 279; 16, 426I; 18,320

sterculia - DSN. From stercus, manure, dung, or from Sterculius the Roman god of privies, refers to the unpleasant smell of some of the flowers and leaves in some species. - 1,174; 2, 316; 4,136; 10, 305; 16, 260a, 262i

sterculius – L. The Roman god, Sterculius of privies. Smell. - 1, 174; 11, 122

stercus - L. Dung, manure. See Sterculia. - 1, 174

stetlis - DGN. G. From stelis little pillar, a word used by the ancient Greeks for mistletoe which, like stelis species, grows on trees. - 28, 401

steudneri - CSN. H Steudner. See Heliotropium s. - 1, 224; 16, 338c; 18,178

stewartia - CSN. John Stewart. - 10, 306

stiburus - Origin unknown. See S. alopecuroides. - 16, 22a

stichnos - G. m. Row. - 14, 279

stichus- - G. In compounds, in a row or line. - 14, 519

stict- - G. sticto-. In compounds, spotted, dotted. - 14, 519

stictos - G. Pricked, tattooed, spotted, dappled. - 14, 279

stigma - G. n. Stigmatos. Tattoo-mark, mark, spot, in modern botany, a stigma or a style. See Gomphostigma, Ceratostigma, Mitriostigma, Pachystigma. – 1,196,236,258; 14,279;16,298c,406e; 18,204,556

stigmatos - G. n. Stigma. Tattoo-mark, mark, spot, in modern botany, a stigma. - 14, 279

stipulaceum - DSN. With stipules. See Argyrolobium s. – 18,268

stipulaceus – DSN. With stipules. See Lampranthus s. – 18,380

stockenstromense – GSN. Named after Stockenstrom, town in E.Cape. See Xysmalobium s. – 18,544

stoebe – DSN. A stuffing. A name used for a shrubby plant with a cushion-head, also used for packing wine jars and making brooms. See genus Stoebe.- 16, 442g; 18,216

stolonifera – DSN. Runners or shoots. See Ludwigia s. – 18,294

stoma - G. n. Mouth, opening. See genus Amblostoma, Cleisostoma, Conostomium., Stomatostemma - 1,256; 3,154; 14, 279; 16, 332d; 18,166,202,492; 28,48,90

stomatanthes - DSN. G. A mouth and flower, alluding to the mouthlike pores on the back of the corolla. - 16,448c

stomatostemma - DSN. G. A mouth and a crown, alluding to the position of the corona at the mouth of the corolla tube. - 16, 332d

stranvaesia - CSN. W T H F Strangeways. - 10, 307

strapelia - CSN. Johannes Bodaeus von Strapel. - 1, 208, 210

stratiotes – DSN. Layered. See Pistia s. – 18,506

straussiana – CSN. Named after Berlin gardener Obergaertner Strauss. See Erica s. – 18,414

strelitzia - CGN. Named in honour of Queen Charlotte, wife of George III, from the house of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. – 12,300; 18,46

strepto- - G. Twisted. - 14, 535

streptocarpus - DSN. G. Streptos, twisted and karpos fruit. Referring to the spirally twisted capsule. - 1,246; 3,146; 5, pl 164; 16, 382a-e, 384a-e

streptopetala - DSN. L. Twisted petals. See Eulophia s. - 1, 80; 16, 102a; 18,246

streptos - G. Twisted. Streptocarpus, streptopetala. - 1, 80, 246; 3, 146; 14, 279; 16, 380a; 18,196,482

streyi - CSN. R G Strey. See Crassula s. - 18,56

striata - DSN. L. Striped, furrowed. See Androcymbium s., Eulophia s., Euphorbia s. - 1,22,154;16,228d; 18,534

striatula – DSN. Refers to the thin parallel lines on the leaf sheaths. See Aloe s. – 18,510

striatum - DSN. L. From striata, striped. See Androcymbium s. and A.. melanthioides s., Osteospernum - 1, 22, 301; 16, 54c, 454e

striatus - DSN. Veined, striped. - 10, 340; 12, 304; 13, 1223

stricta – DSN. Straight, erect, stiff, upright. See Opuntia s.,Oenothera s.,Moraea s., Disa s. – 18,290,294,452,458,466

strictus - DSN. L. Erect. See Dichilus s. - 16,180a

striga - DGN. L. A straight rigid close-pressed rather short bristle-like hair. Italian: Witch, Latin: furrow, a swath. Some of the species are covered with strigae, or stiff bristles. - 1, 238; 3,140; 5,pl153; 14,522; 16, 368e-h; 18,74,432

strigous – DSN. Covered in strigae. With stiff bristles for Plectranthus s. - 14, 522; 16, 356b

strobilanthes – DSN. From strobilos, a cone and anthos, a flower. Alludes to form of young inflorescence. - 10, 308

strobilos – DSN. A cone. See strobilus, and genus Strobilanthes . - 10, 30810, 308

strobilus - G. m. Round ball, spinning top, pine, in modern botany, a cone or cone-like structure. - 14, 279

strophanthus – DSN. Strophanthin the drug is recovered from this species. From Greek twisted rope and anthos, a flower. The genus name Strophanthus alludes to the hanging and spiral twisting nature of most of this species. The corolla of the flower has twisted tails, hence the name ‘twisted flower’. - 1,200; 5, pl 126; 11, 156; 16, 302d,e

strophe - G.f. Turning, twist. See genus Strophanthus. - 14, 279; 18,166,298

strophos - G. Twisted band or cord. See genus Strophanthus, Peristrophe. - 1, 200; 11, 156; 16,302d; 18,436

strophus - G. From stophos, a twisted band or cord. See genus Strophanthus. - 2, 436

struthiola – DSN. Small bird, refers to seed, like the beak of a sparrow. See genus Struthiola.- 18,158

stuhlmannii - CSN. Dr Franz Stuhlmann, see Ficus s., Pycnostachys s. - 5, pl 144; 11, 4

stychons – DSN. G. An ancient Greek name given to various poisonous plants. - 1, 196; 16, 298f

stylis - G. A style. See genus Ceratostylis, Cheirostylis, Rhynchostylis, Schizostylis, Fimbristylis.- 1,74; 16,94h ; 18,370,566

stylochiton - DSN. G. Style, tunic, refers to the little spath which includes the style base. - 16, 28b

stylos - G. m. Pillar, column, wooden pole, writing implement (through confusion with Latin stilus; hence in modern botany, style). With a prominent or well developed style. See Pseudolachnostylis, Stylosanthes, Stylochiton, Bulbostylis.- 14, 279; 16 188a, 220b, 300d; 18,268,506,568

stylosanthes - DSN. G. From stylos, a style and anthos, a flower. - 16, 188a

stylosus - DSN. Having prominent styles. - 12, 304; 13, 1223

styraciflua - DSN. Giving off balm. See Liquidambar s. - 10, 214, 340

styrax - Probably a seed. See genus Pterostyrax. - 10, 272
SU

suaveolens - DSN. L. Fragrant, sweet-smelling. Sweet-scented. See Asparagus s., Datura s. - 1,38; 10,125, 340; 12, 304; 13, 1223; 16, 58g; 18,104

sub- L. Before a - vowel and most consonants; suc- before c; suf- before f; sug- before g. Below, under, almost, approaching. Subacaulis, almost stemless. In compounds, somewhat, not completely, a little. Before words beginning with m, sub- becomes sum-; before r it becomes sur-. Greek hypo-- 14,303,523

subanisophylla – DSN. Irregular, unequal leaves. See Eriosemopsis s.- 18,556

subcylindrica - DSN. sub-almost, cylindrica-cylinder. See Helixanthera s. – 18,132

subglaber - DSN. L. Somewhat or slightly glabrous. See Senecio polyodon var s.- 16, 454h

subherbacium - DSN. L. Partially herbaceous. See Pelargonium multicaule subsp s. - 16, 204h

subintergra - DSN. L. Undivided, entire. In Gerardia. s. alluding to the leaves.- 1, 238; 16,368c,370f

subluteum - DSN. L. Somewhat yellow. See Helichrysum s. - 1, 276; 16, 438b

subnuda - DSN. L. Partly bare. See Anacampseros s. subsp s. - 1, 108; 16, 32c, 134k

subpeltata – DSN. Shield-shaped, refers to leaves. See Passiflora s. – 18,538

subpetiolatum - DSN. sub-almost,somewhat; petiolatus-stalked. See Delosperma s. – 18,136

subulata - DSN. L. Awl-shaped, See Commelina s. - 1, 20

subvolubilis - DSN. L. Climbing, twining, an incorrect description of the habit. See Blepharis s., Blepharis s. var s. - 1, 248; 16, 386h, 18,492

suc- - See sub. - 14, 303

succulenta - DSN. L. Succulent, fleshy. See Thorncrofttia s. - 16, 348d, 352f

succulentus - DSN. L. Succulent, fleshy. See Thorncrofttia s. - 1, 230

suf- - See sub. - 14, 303

suffruticosa - DSN. L. Somewhat shrubby, shrublet. See Seddera s., Indigofera s. - 16, 336f; 18,390

suffruticosum - DSN. L. Somewhat shrubby. See Clerodendrum s., Clerodendrum s. var s. - 1,226; 16,342b

sug- - See sub. - 14, 303

sulcatum - DSN. L. Meaning furrowed. See Limeum s. var s., Cyphostemma s. - 16, 132e, 248b

sumphoreo - To bear together, cluster. See genus Symphoricarpos. - 10, 310

super- - Above. Superpositus, placed above. Greek hyper-. - 14, 304

superba - DSN. L. Superb. See Gloriosa s., Buttonia s. - 1, 26, 236; 16, 36c; 18,430

superbum – DSN. Rise above, refers to magnificent corona lobes which not only rise above the style tip but are superb. See Miraglossum s. – 18,580

supra- - Above, over. Supracanus, grey above. G. hyper-. - 14, 304

suprafoliata –DSN. Above the leaves. In Aloe s. it refers to the young leaves which seem to grow on top of each other in rows - 18,34

sur- - L. In compounds, somewhat. Variant of sub-. - 14, 525

surattensis - GSN. From Bombay, India. See Hibiscus s. – 18,286

surinx - A pipe or tube. See genus Syringa. - 10, 311

sutera - CSN. Professor J R Suter, Swiss botanist. See genus Sutera. – 1,234,238; 5,pl 152; 16,364e,368k,372b,374c; 18,190,480

sutherlandia - CSN. James Sutherland.. - 10, 309; 18,58,530

sutherlandii - CSN. Named after James Sutherland. See Helichrysum s., Argyrolobium s.,

Delosperma s. - 18,214,268,380

sutherlandii - CSN. Peter Cormac Sutherland. See Begonia s., Pachycarpus campanulatis var s. - 1, 180; 3, 112; 16, 270f, 328b; 18,68
SW

swainsona - CSN. Isaac Swainson. - 10, 309

swazicum - GSN. L. From Swaziland. See Adenium s. - 1, 204; 16, 306b

swaziensis - GSN. L. From Swaziland. See Crassula s., Indigoferra s. var s. - 16, 156c, 190f

swietenia – CSN. Dutch botanist Swietenia. - 4, 137

swynnertonii - CSN. C F M Swynnerton. See Helichrysum s., Erica s. - 1, 276; 5, pl 120; 16, 438e
SY

sy- - Greek prefix. Sy- (before s), sl; (before l), smy- (before b and p), syn-, sry- (before r), sys- (before s): Together, with, joined. - 14, 404

syce - G. f. Fig-tree. - 14, 280

sylvatica - DSN. Growing around trees or growing in woods. See Calpurnia aurea subsp. s., Dioscorea s. - 2, 158; 16, 8a; 18,514

sylvaticus - DSN. Woodland. From the forest. See Croton s.- 2, 220; 10, 340

sylvicola - DSN. L. An inhabitant of the woods. See Impatiens s. - 16, 238f

symphium - G. To grow together. See Symphyglossum. - 28, 404

symphoreo - To bear together. See genus Symphoreo. - 13, 1220

symphoricarpos - DSN. From symphoreo, to bear together and carpos (karpos), fruit, and it points to the berries being in clusters. - 10, 310; 13, 1220

symphyglossum - DGN. G. From symphium to grow together and glossa tongue, referring to the lip, which is strongly adnate to the column. - 28, 404

syn- - G. sy-. With, together. It becomes sym- before the letters b, m and p. - 14,304, 526

syn - G. With, united. See Synadenium, Syncolostemon - 1, 156; 16, 226f, 354e; 18,188,424

synadenium - DSN. G. From syn, united, gland, refers to gland enclosing the flower or the united glands of the inflorescense. - 1, 156; 2, 238; 16, 226f

synaptoleptis - DSN. Joined together. - 18,68

synaptos - Joined together. See Synaptolepis. - 18,68,158

syncarpia - DSN. Means seeds together. - 4, 139

syncolostemmon - DSN. G. From syn, together, united and kolos, a column and stemon, stamens.- 18,424

syringa – DSN.. From syrinx, a pipe because the wood was so used in Turkey. The genus Syringa’s name comes from the Greek surinx, a pipe or tube, originally applied to Philadelphus, some species of which are still referred to as ‘syringas’. - 10, 311; 12, 302; 13,1221