Dilfuza Saiidyrakhimova 2446
The postposition creates a great semantic weight of
the definition, which in these cases turns out to be
isolated and, therefore, bearing a well-known
semantic stress: the bitter cold; there a light glowed,
warm, tawny, against the brightness of the night. It
is necessary to single out the traditional stable
combinations, inherited mostly from the French
language, for example, knight errant - a wandering
knight, court martial is a military court.
There is a whole group of adjectives for which the
post-positional position is the norm due to their
semantic and grammatical nature. This group
consists of adjectives with the suffix, -able and -
ible, for example, no bedrooms available; the only
person visible, a piece of information not at all
reliable.
In addition, there are adjectives that can
only appear in postposition: incarnate, designate
and elect the devil incarnate, the minister designate.
An adjective in Russian, occupying a postposition,
forms a nominal sentence, where the adjective
plays a predicative function, as in the following
examples: The table (is) brown. Snow (is) white.
So, the construction Snow is white is predicative,
and the construction white snow is attributive
because in the first construction, the attribute white
is associated with the object snow through a verb
(zero connective), and in the second, the same
attribute white is associated with the same object
snow
directly, directly.
However, in Russian language there is still a
postposition of the adjective in relation to the noun.
This is typical for terminological and nomenclature
combinations: chocolate cake, smoked fish, men's
suits. In such names, the preposition of the
adjective (smoked fish, chocolate cake) is also
possible, but in this case they lose their
terminological character. The postposition of the
adjective is also characteristic of stable and archaic
expressions: my angel, good God; for cases of
stylistic inversion:
near the Lukomorye green oak
(poet), tavern goal (folk poet.), etc.
Considering phrases where the adjective is the main
component in combination with a noun with a
preposition. The prepositions used with this model
serve to convey various relationships between an
adjective describing a quality, a noun denoting an
object
that has that quality, and a noun that
somehow specifies the nature of the quality in
terms of referring to the object, the source of the
attribute, or its cause, additional characteristic,
conditions under which the symptom appears, place
or time of symptom manifestation, etc. (Babenko,
2004).
The syntactic connection in this model does not
have a morphological design and is carried out by
a simple word order: thick with dust, available for
meeting, rich in resources, etc.
Combinations of an adjective with a noun without
a preposition like worth the trouble, unlike her are
relatively rare and, therefore, not typical for the
English language.
In
the Kyrgyz language, such
phrases correspond to phrases with an inverted
word order with a postpositional connection:
zholugushuuga
yngailuu,
resurstarga
bai,
zhumushtan charchoo, mathematician sabagynan
zhakshy, zhardam uchүn yraazychylyk, kalyn chan
basuu, etc.
In Russian language, an adjective as the main
component is combined with a noun in non-
prepositional and prepositional phrases and agrees
with it in number, gender and case: short stature,
satisfied with the answer, full of doubts, ready for
battle, red from heat, black from envy, etc.
(Klimova, 2008).
As it was mentioned above,
an adjective, as the
main component in phrase, enters into diverse
lexical relations not only with the noun, but also
with the adverb, which performs semantic role of
“qualifier of the degree of quality”.
The study of material from in the compared
languages showed that the adjective can be
accompanied by the following adverb types:
1) Adverbs of mode of action: in English -
cheerfully, awkwardly, bravely, deadly, a strangely
emotional moment, an obviously frightened
person, supposedly happy game; in the Kyrgyz
language - bat, tez, daroo, kaita, kaira, akyryn, zhai,
kyrgyzcha, dostorcho;
in Russian - on foot, to
smithereens, swimming, hand-to-hand, etc.
2) Adverbs of measure and degree in English:
greatly, fully, exceeding, extremely, pretty, rather,
very, a little, quite, almost; in Kyrgyz language:
ushunchalyk, өlgүdөy, takyr, taptakyr, aran, zorgo,
ayabai, abdan, ayabagan, өtө, өңchөy saal, saal paal
which
means;
very,
moderately,
strongly,
completely, too much, too, barely, almost, etc.
3) Adverbs (circumstances) of place and time,
which express purely external conditions of the
process, condition: … a great many strangers come
to Capri for a few days, or a few weeks…
(Maugham, 2009). Tush-tushunan kushtar sairap,
tomon zhagynda chong suu sharkyrap agyp zhatat
(Aitmatov, 1982).
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