Electrical industry of burma/myanmar
RENEWABLE ENERGY FORUM HELD IN YANGON
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Project submission Rural Electrification with Mini Hydro Power (Ma Mya Dam) Project
- ENERGY EXPORTS TO FUEL GDP GROWTH
- PLENTIFUL WATER RESOURCES TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY
- MOU SIGNED ON NAO PHA AND MAN TUNG HYDROPOWER PROJECTS
- Topographical map reference
- REGULAR POWER SERVICE RESTORED IN MON AND KAREN STATE
RENEWABLE ENERGY FORUM HELD IN YANGON Htar Htar Khin, Myanmar Times, 04/01/10. (Volume 26: No.504) http://www.mmtimes.com/2010/news/504/50408.html
The project was submitted to the 2009 ASEAN renewable energy competition with the aim of showing how to take advantage of drop structures along the canal irrigation system of a rural dam to produce electricity and the ease with which a micro hydropower plant could be installed without disturbing the irrigation system. An analysis of the savings in carbon emissions compared with that required to generate a similar amount of energy using an engine using a fossil fuel is included. The presentation focuses on the installation of micro hydropower turbine-generators along one of the main canals of the government’s Ma Mya dam in Myanaung township in the Irrawaddy delta area of Myanmar. It includes details about the design of the project, technical, financial and market considerations, manufacture of the turbines used, the operational and maintenance program and the sustainability and replicability of the project. Information about the changes brought about in the village of Myinwartung which received electricity for the first time as a result of the project is also featured. Numerous photos, charts, tables, diagrams and two maps accompany the text. A map showing the project layout and a sectional profile of the installations at one of the drop sites are especially useful. The project submission appears to have been prepared by U Htun Naing Aung of Kaung Kyaw Say Engineering, consultant to the project. Additional references See above: ‘Energy workshop promotes small-scale electricity generation’ (MT: 13/02/12) Clean Technology Investment seminar in Kowloon, Hong Kong, Sep-2010 http://www.gii.co.jp/conference/clean-tech10/catalog.pdf Participating in a panel discussion on direct investment in cleantech companies will be Htun Naing Aung, chairman and CEO of Kuang Kyaw Say Co Ltd of Myanmar. Among other things, the panel will consider key investment trends of global investors in direct cleantech investment, partnership options & models and effective due diligence and risk management strategies when evaluating cleantech companies and what Asian cleantech companies have to offer to investors. NLM, 03/08/10. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs09/NLM2010-08-03.pdf Kaung Kyaw Say Co secured the 1st Runner-up Award in the Renewable Energy Competition (Off-grid) by submitting a paper on Multipurpose Biomass Gasifier. On 22/07/10, Chairman Tun Naing Aung accepted the ASEAN Energy Award 2010 presented by ASEAN Center of Energy (ACE) in Da-Lat of Vietnam. The company held the 2nd Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency Business Forum (REBF- 2010) at the Traders Hotel on Sule Pagoda Road, here, on 17 and 18 June and displayed the energy exhibition. ================================================================================== ENERGY EXPORTS TO FUEL GDP GROWTH Thomas Kean, Myanmar Times, 04/01/10 (Vol 26: 504 – 503) http://mmtimes.com/2010/news/504/50403.html Energy exports, mining and construction will fuel annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth of 8.6 percent to 2030, an Asian Development Bank (ADB) report says. Electrification, or the percentage of households connected to the electricity grid, is projected to rise to 80pc over the same period, while primary energy demand will increase by 2.6pc annually, slightly above projections for the region and almost double the global average. Mr Edito Barcelona, a consultant with the ADB who worked on the report, Energy Outlook for Asia and the Pacific, said the GDP growth projection was based on government policies and other information reported by Myanmar government officials during ASEAN meetings and workshops. “In modelling, we assumed that this GDP growth could come from energy exports such as oil, natural gas and hydroelectricity which would also spur growth in other sectors of the economy,” Mr Barcelona said. Dr Sean Turnell, a professor of economics at Australia’s Macquarie University and editor of Burma Economic Watch, said natural gas sales would not provide any new impetus to GDP growth until new projects came online in 2013. “It’s true that Myanmar’s energy sector will be the source of rising export surpluses into the future – and hence a net positive contributions to GDP growth – but there’s no reason to see this sector being a growing contributor to this end in the coming year,” Dr Turnell. “I think there will be growth in Myanmar and the report is right to note the stimulus of the pipeline construction and various other energy investments – but these are not large and have small multipliers into the broader economy, as Chinese construction often involves imported Chinese workers, for instance,” Dr Turnell said. Natural gas exports are expected to almost double over the next decade as the Shwe and Zawtika projects come online and Mr Barcelona said these profits, augmented with foreign investment, could then be used to fund the electrification. “To reach 80pc [electrification] in 2030, Myanmar needs to invest in increasing its electricity generating facilities, extension of its transmission and distribution lines as well as substation capacities to currently un-electrified areas in the country,” he said. While Mr Barcelona would not be drawn on how much would be required to fund electrification in Myanmar, the ADB estimates countries in the Asia and Pacific region must invest between $7 trillion and $9.7 trillion in the energy sector from 2005 to 2030 to meet the rapidly growing demand for energy in the region. Despite the threat of global warming, up to 80pc of the region’s energy demand will be met by fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and gas by 2030. While Myanmar is also expected to tap these energy sources, it will rely almost exclusively on hydropower for electricity generation by 2030, Mr Barcelona said. “Myanmar has huge potential for hydroelectric generation and is even capable of exporting electricity beyond 2030,” he said. One possible downside is the availability of water during dry season but this could be averted if Myanmar is able to interconnect its power system with Mekong-region neighbours. “It is ideal for the government to consider a more balanced electricity generation – to ensure supply security – as the country also possesses other energy resources, such as coal and natural gas,” he said. The growing demand for energy is expected to provide a boost for previously untapped coal resources in Myanmar, he said. “The projected GDP growth of Myanmar would entail a corresponding growth in infrastructure and will bring about growth in industrial and trade activities. As infrastructure is developed, there would be growing demand for cement which could be produced locally. As cement production needs coal, this would encourage coal production.” Myanmar has about 4 million tonnes of recoverable coal reserves and 90 million tonnes of potential reserves, according to the Ministry of Energy. “For these resources to be developed, exploration activities to determine the recoverable reserves should be carried out.” Additional references See below: ‘Myanmar’s tremendous potential for energy export (MT: 12/06/00) See also listings under ‘Hydro and thermal power export projects’ (EP) Capitalvue: 29/12/10. http://www.capitalvue.com/home/CE-news/inset/@10063/post/1271941 China Southern Power Grid imported three TWh of electricity from Myanmar in the first 11 months through its subsidiary, Yunnan Power Grid, reports yicai.com, citing a release by Southern Grid. Based on an average coal consumption of 334 grams per kWh in the first 10 months, imports of electricity from Myanmar saved 1.02 million tons of coal and cut 2.66 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions. [Compiler’s comment: It would appear that most of the 3000 GWh of electricity imported from Myanmar by Yunnan Power Grid was sourced from the Shweli-1 power station, as the Tapein-1 power station near the Yunnan border in southern Kachin state did not come online until Sept 2010.] S10 ================================================================================== PLENTIFUL WATER RESOURCES TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY Maung Saw Win, NLM, 31/12/09. Excerpted and discussed. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs08/Electricity_article-NLM2009-12-31.pdf This article is part of a series in NLM featuring the accomplishments of Myanmar's military government leading up to the celebration of Independence Day in the country on the 4th of January, 2010. It claims that the power plants in operation throughout the country have a generating capacity of 2,255.9 megawatts. This differs substantially from the 1717MW of installed capacity listed in reports of the Central Statistical Organization. The difference could be due to the inclusion of the 600MW generated at the Shweli-1 power station (sw1) which came online in 2009. Most of the power generated at Shweli-1, while produced in Myanmar, is being exported to Yunnan province in the PRC. A chart accompanying the article indicates the name-plate capacity and expected time of completion for the following hydropower projects in various stages of construction: Yeywa - 790MW in 2010 (yy) ; Shwegyin - 75MW in 2010 (sg); Chephwenge [Upper Kachin state] - 99MW in 2011 (cw); Kunchaung - 60MW in 2011 (kn); Pyuchaung - 40MW in 2011 (py); Nancho - 40MW in 2011 (nc); Tarpein-1 [in Lower Kachin state] - 240MW in 2011 (tp1); Upper Paunglaung - 140MW in 2012 (up); Thaukyekhet-2 - 120MW in 2012 (tk); Biluchaung-3 - 52MW in 2012 (b3). Detailed information on each of these projects is available using the links provided. Another chart provides a list of projects which have yet to be implemented on a full-scale basis. No time of completion is provided but the name-plate megawatt capacity and estimated annual generating production is provided. Shweli-3 [Shan state north] - 800MW, est at 3995 million kWh (sw3); Bawgata [Bago div] - 168MW, est at 500 million kWh (bg); Bilin [Mon state] - 280MW, est at 1512 million kWh (bl); Dayaingchaung [Karen state] - 250MW, est at 87 million kWh (dg); Thakyet [Taninthayi div] - 20MW, est at 95 million kWh (tg); Tarpein-2 - 140MW, est at 633 million kWh (tp2); Shweli-2 [Shan state north] - 640 MW, est at 3310 million kWh (sw2); Shwesayay [Sagaing div] - 660MW, est at 2908 million kWh (ss); Taninthayi - 600MW, est at 3476 million kWh (tn); Laymyo [in Rakhine state] - 500MW, est at 2500 million kWh (lm). The lists in both of these charts include some projects being developed directly under the aegis of the EPM-1, others being undertaken by foreign companies, mainly from the PRC, and some by independent Myanmar producers. The lists are by no means exhaustive. No mention is made of dams under construction by the Irrigation Dept of the A&I Ministry that have hydropower components attached to them. According to the studies up to May 2009, the country has 302 water resources where hydropower projects exist, are planned, being implemented or could be undertaken. These are estimated to have a total generating capacity of 46,330.55 megawatts. The Ministry of Electric Power No 1 has adopted a 30-year long-term electricity development strategic plan and is said to be implementing the hydropower projects in line with five-year short-term plans. Another chart lists the number of possible major hydropower projects and the potential hydropower capacity in each of thirteen states and divisions. Kachin state: 19 projects with 18745MW cap; Kayah state: 5 projects with 954MW cap; Karen state: 9 projects with 7064MW cap; Sagaing Div: 6 projects with 2830MW cap; Taninthayi Div: 6 projects with 711MW cap; Bago Div: 8 projects with 538MW cap; Magway Div: 5 projects with 359MW cap; Mandalay Div: 9 projects with 1555MW cap; Mon State: 2 projects with 290 MW cap; Rakhine state: 6 projects with 765MW cap; Shan State East: 4 projects with 720MW cap; Shan State South: 8 projects with 7570MW cap; Shan State North: 5 projects with 4000MW cap. Photos accompanying the article show the Kengtawng hydropower plant, the main canal and spillway of the Kunchaung hydropower project, the Shwegyin hydropower project site and Saidin falls, Additional references See above: ‘Special projects committee briefed on electric power plans’ (NLM: 07/03/10) See below: ‘Government will prioritize hydropower projects over gas’ (MT: 10/07/06) ‘More inputs needed to power a hydro future’ (MT: 04/06/01)
The official opening of Kyeeohn Kyeewa multi-purpose dam and hydropower plant took place in Pwintbyu township on 30/03/12 in the presence of a crowd of over 4,000. The hydropower plant at the dam has an installed capacity of 74 megawatts. Myanmar now has 18 hydropower plants, the Tikyit coal-fired plant and 15 gas-fired plants in operation. Total installed capacity has reached 3,434 megawatts. Kunchaung hydropower project with installed capacity of 60 megawatts will soon go online. Compiler’s note: The 18 hydropower plants connected to the national grid system would appear to include: Kyeeohn-Kyeewa (74 MW), Shwegyin (75MW), Yeywa (780MW), Kentawng (54MW), Khabaung (30MW), Yenwe (25MW), Paunglaung (280MW), Sedoktara (75MW), Thaphanseik (30MW), Zaungtu (20MW) Zawgyi-2 (12MW), Zawgyi-1 (18MW) Balu-1 [Lawpita-1] (28MW), Sedawgyi (25MW), Kinda (56MW) Balu-2 [Lawpita-2] (168MW), Shweli-1 (600MW) and Tapein-1 (240MW) for a total of 2590 megawatts. Shweli-1 provides most of its power to China, but 15% is reserved for Myanmar, while Tapein-1, which was officially opened at the beginning of 2011, is connected to the national grid through the sub-power station at Bhamo. Tapein-1 was shut down due to conflict between the Myanmar and Kachin Independence armies in June 2011 and does not appear to be operational at the beginning of April 2012. Most of the power from Tapein-1 is scheduled for export to China. Note that the functioning Malikha [Buga] (10.5MW), Sonphu [Wa] (8.5MW) and Chipwenge [CPIC] (99MW) power stations are not included in the list because they are not connected to the national grid system. The Tigyit coal-fired thermal station has an installed capacity of 120 megawatts. The 15 gas-fired plants would appear to include 2 plants each at Ywama (70.3MW), Ahlon (154.2MW) Thaketa (92MW) and Hlawga (154.2MW) and single plants at Mann (36.9MW), Shwedaung (55.35MW), (Myanaung (34.7MW), Thaton (51MW), Mawlamyaing (12MW) and Kanma (8.72MW) for a total pf 723.67MW. Several of the gas-fired plants are either under repair or waiting to be shut down for overhaul (ELTS019). The hydropower plants at Lawpita are also run down and require a much needed overhaul (LR). NLM, 23/10/11. Edited. Excerpt. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs12/NLM2011-10-23.pdf At the opening of the Shwegyin dam and power station, EPM-1 Zaw Min reported that there were 17 hydropower plants, the Tikyit coal-fired power plant and 15 natural gas-powered plants with a total generating capacity of 3360 megawatts providing power to the national grid. In addition, a total of 65 electricity projects, 13 by EPM-1, eight by private entrepreneurs, and 44 under joint-venture/BOT arrangement are at various stages of implementation or feasibility study. NLM, 28/08/11. Excerpt. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs11/NLM2011-08-28.pdf In Bago Region, construction of dams and hydropower generating stations is being undertaken along the rivers and creeks that originate in the Bago mountain ranges. A total of 13 projects to generate hydropower are located in the basin of the Sittoung River. These projects comprise four completed hydropower projects generating 355 megawatts, six projects under implementation that will generate 475 megawatts and three projects under planning that will generate 410 megawatts. The completed projects are the 280-MW Paunglaung, the 30-MW Khabaung, the 25-MW Yenwe and the 20-MW Zaungtu hydropower projects. Those presently under construction are are the 140-MW Upper Paunglaung, the 40-MW Nancho, the 120-MW Thaukyaykhat-2, the 75-MW Shwegyin , the 40-MW Phyuchaung and the 60-MW Kunchaung hydropower projects. Plans are underway to implement the Middle Paunglaung (100 MW), the Thaukyaykhat-1 (150 MW) and the Bawgata (160 MW) hydropower projects. Altogether these projects will be able to generate 1240 megawatts. NLM, 16/12/10. Excerpt. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs09/NLM2010-12-16.pdf [At the official commissioning of the Yeywa hydropower dam and plant, PM Thein Sein said that as the] “generating of electricity has been speeded up after 1988, a total of 15 hydropower plants including Yeywa hydropower plant, one coal-fired power plant and 15 gas power plants, totaling 31 across the nation are now generating 3045 megawatts. In addition, he said that out of 13 ongoing hydropower projects, Shwegyin Hydropower Project that can generate 75 megawatts and Kunchaung Hydropower Project that can generate 60 megawatts will be launched soon.” Compiler’s note: The fifteen hydropower plants would include Yeywa (780), Kengtawng (54), Shweli-1 (600), Khabaung (30), Yenwe (25), Paunglaung (280), Mone (75), Thapanseik (30), Zaungtu (20), Zawgyi-1 (18), Zawgy-2 (12), Balu-1 (28), Balu-2 (168), Sedawgyi (25) and Kinda (56) for a total generating capacity of 2201 MW. The coal-fired plant at Tigyit has a generating capacity of 120 MW. The thermal plants fueled by natural gas are as follows: Ywama (70.3 MW), Ahlone (154.2 MW), Thaketa (92 MW), Hlawga (154.2 MW), Kyunchaung (54.3 MW), Mann (36.9 MW), Shwedaung (55.35 MW), Myanaung (34.7 MW), Thaton (51 MW), Mawlamyine (12 MW) and Kanma (8.72 MW) with a total generating capacity of 723.67 MW. It is not clear why the number of gas-fueled plants was listed as fifteen, unless the combined-cycle plants at Ywama, Ahlone, Thaketa and Hlawga are considered as separate power stations. It is noted that the Shweli-1 power station with a name-plate generating capacity of 600 MW is included in the list, although 85pc of the power produced at Shweli-1 is designated for export to to the PRC. Not included among the operating hydropower plants is the Tapein-1 station with a name-plate capacity of 240 MW. According to China Datang Corp, the owner, Tapein-1 went into operation on a commericial basis at the beginning of September 2010. Notice of the start-up of the Tapein-1 generating plant was not published in state-owned media in Myanmar. ================================================================================== MOU SIGNED ON NAO PHA AND MAN TUNG HYDROPOWER PROJECTS China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group (HydroChina), 28/12/09. http://www.hydropower.org.cn/info/shownews.asp?newsid=2082 During the 19 and 20 December 2009 period, Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping headed a government delegation to the Union of Myanmar and signed a series of agreements with Myanmar government. After a thorough negotiation between China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group (HydroChina) and the Union of Myanmar's EPM-1, an MoU for the development of the Nao Pha hydropower station on the mainstream Thanlwin (Salween) River and the Man Tung hydropower station on its tributary, Nan Ma River, was drafted. On December 20, witnessed by the Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping and Vice-Chairman Maung Aye of Union of Myanmar's SPDC, General Manager An Zhi-Yong and a representative of Myanmar's EPM-1 signed the MoU. The Thanlwin River, also known as the Salween (Nu River in China), is Myanmar's second largest river. Nao Pha Hydropower Station is located in the mainstream Thanlwin River. The Man Tung Hydropower Station is located in the left bank of the Thanlwin River's tributary, Nan Ma River. Both power stations, with good conditions for development, are close to the Sino-Burmese border. Topographical map reference: Burma 1:250,000: Series U542, U.S. Army Map: NF 47-06: Mong Yai The Mantawng (Man Tung) station on the Nam Ma would appear to be close to the village of Manton (22° 57' N, 98°37' E) grid square reference: 39\6, 6\6. The location of the Nawngpha (Nao Pha) dam and power plant is probably located just east of the old Shan monastery town of Nawnghpa (22°36’ N 98°34’ E) about 20 km NE of Tangyan, grid square reference 39\6, 6\1. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/burma/txu-oclc-6924198-nf47-5.jpg Additional references Data summary: Naungpha Mantawng NLM, 07/03/10. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs08/NLM2010-03-07.pdf The Special Projects Implementation Committee held a co-ordination meeting (1/2010) at the Operations Meeting Room of the office of the Commander-in-Chief (Army) in Nay Pyi Daw on 05/03/10. . . . At the meeting, EPM-1 Zaw Min reported . . . on seven projects to be implemented jointly with the investment of foreign companies [including] . . . the Naungpha/Mantawng hydropower project in Shan State (North) to generate 1200 megawatts, NLM, 21/12/09. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs08/NLM2009-12-21.pdf SPDC Vice-Chairman Maung Aye met a visiting Chinese goodwill delegation led by PRC V-P Xi Jinping at Zeyathiri Beikman in Nay Pyi Taw on 20 December. . . . After the meeting, a ceremony to sign bilateral agreements followed. Officials of the two countries signed 16 MoUs and agreements such as five agreements on development of trade, economy, transport infrastructures, technological cooperation and purchase of machinery; seven financial agreements, three agreements on hydro-electric power and one agreement on energy sector and oil and natural gas pipeline. ================================================================================== REGULAR POWER SERVICE RESTORED IN MON AND KAREN STATE (edited) Rai Maraoh, IMNA, 22/10/09 http://www.bnionline.net/news/imna/7278-electricity-mysteriously-returns-to-villages-in-mon-and-karen-states.html After months without regular electricity, the residents of many villages in Mon and Karen states report that they have enjoyed a constant supply of power for the past month. “Now the electricity comes regularly, but we don’t know why? Service had been restored before but only for a fews minutes at a time. Now it comes on for much longer times, sometimes for the whole day,” said a villager who lives in Hneepadaw village in Mudon township. “Regular power service was restored in Hpa-an in September, but before that electricity just didn’t come on. Regular service was restored not just in Hpa-an but also in the villages. It’s never been like this before,” said a Karen resident from Hpa-an. An IMNA news story on May 11th of this year described the severity the power outages in southern Burma. Near the close of 2008, villages in Mudon township area only had electricity for 3 days a month, and even then for only two-hour at a time. When university students in Moulmein protested in March over a lack of electricity during spring exams, power supply resumed on a fairly steady basis for about two months but by the middle of May, the city was again plunged into darkness, along with the rest of Mon state. IMNA’s May 11th report documented how faulty electricity in Southern Burma presents a particular problem to professionals who run VCDs, computers, other electronics businesses; such individuals must purchase personal generators to get the electricity needed to run their businesses and sell their wares. Some residents in Mudon township suspect the sudden “power surge” is a political strategy ahead of elections scheduled for 2010. They see it as kind of bribe by the military government to get villagers to organize in favour of the government before the elections. Yüklə 12,31 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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