58
5.
LITERATURE:
Akimovska Maletic Iskra,
Inspection and enforcement of intellectual property rights, Intellectual Property
Rights enforcement, Ss. “Cyril and Methodius” University Skopje, “Iustinianus Primus” Law Faculty,
Skopje, 2012
Beeche Hector, Inspection of Prisons in the Administration of Penal Institutions, 32 J. Crim. L. &
Criminology 310 (1941-1942),
http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/
[Accessed on 22.10.2014]
Blaţić Đorđije,
Contribution to the theory on inspection,
Pravni život, no. 9 1995
Lilić Stevan, Dimitrijević Predrag, Marković Milan,
Administrative Law, Belgrade, 2004
Owers Anne,
Prison Inspection and the Protection of Prisoners‟ Rights, 30 Pace L. Rev. 1535 (2010)
http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/plr/vol30/iss5/11
[Accessed on 22.10.2014]
Tomić Zoran,
Administrative Law, Administrative control of administration, theoretical models and positive
legal analysis, Savremena administracija, Belgrade, 1989
Akimovska Maletic Iskra, To the
Law on Inspection, Pravnik, no. 226 XX, February, 2011, Skopje
Annual Report of the Directorate for Execution of Sanctions for performance and state in penal and
correctional
institutions
in
Republic
of
Macedonia
for
2010,
http://www.pravda.gov.mk/tekstoviuis.asp?lang=mak&id=godizv
(accessed on 10.10.2014)
Annual Report of the Directorate for Execution of Sanctions for performance and state in penal and
correctional
institutions
in
Republic
of
Macedonia
for
2011,
http://www.pravda.gov.mk/tekstoviuis.asp?lang=mak&id=godizv
(accessed on 10.10.2014)
Annual Report of the Directorate for Execution of Sanctions for performance and state in penal and
correctional
institutions
in
Republic
of
Macedonia
for
2012,
http://www.pravda.gov.mk/tekstoviuis.asp?lang=mak&id=godizv
(accessed on 10.10.2014)
Law on execution of sanctions, (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No. 2/2006, 57/10, 170/13,
43/2014)
Law on supplementing and
amending the
Law on the
Ombudsman (Official Gazette of the Republic of
Macedonia No. 114/2009)
Law on Inspection (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No. 50/2010, 157/2011)
Law on Organization and Operation of State Bodies (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No.
58/2000, 44/2002, 82/2008)
Law on ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or
Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No 165/08)
Mojanoski C., Bachanovic О., Akimovska Maletic I., Batic D., Stefanovska V., Milenkovska M., Ilievski I.,
Jovanova N., Dimitrovska A., Position of convicted persons in the penitentiary institutions
of the Republic of
Macedonia (Research Report), Saint Climent Ohridski University – Bitola, Faculty of Security – Skopje,
Skopje 2014
Rulebook on the manner of conducting the expert-instruction supervision in the correctional and detention
facilities (Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia No. 20/2011)
59
Azra Adžajlić-Dedović UDK:343.988
Selma Stoĉanin
Faculty for Criminal Justice, Criminology and Security Studies University of Sarajevo
VICTIMOLOGY PROFILE AND CRIMINAL PROFILING
Abstract
Victimology in simple terms examines victims through the victim‟s character studies and analyses,
which is called victimology profiles. Victimology profile helps us to better understand who the victims were
and why those victims were chosen, as well as to establish relationship between the offender and the victim.
Other types of relationships between the offender and the victim could be work colleagues, geographical
connections, hobby, useful links, or social ties. The number of possible victim related connections is
unlimited, and for this reason victimology profile helps us to funnel down those connections. This paper
offers answers about the roles and importance of the victimology profile in criminal investigation.
Key terms: Criminal investigation, Victimology, Victim, „‟Victimology profiling‟‟
1.
INTRODUCTION
Victimology is a specific and respectable science of the victim with transparent and broad research
subject, and interdisciplinary research approach. Research subject of Victimology as a science is the victim
with a comprehensive and thorough victim personality research and with all victim activities that happen in
the process of suffering or victimization. It is very difficult to define
the victim of crime, because they do not
appear only in criminal-justice situations, but also in other delicate situations (job accident, numerous and
massive violations, natural accidents, etc.), but in criminal-legal sense, as a victim would be considered
every person that suffered physical or mental pain or damage, material losses, damage or social injustice).
Victim as a phenomenon in broader sense is considered and defined a person who suffers serious damage
regardless of the cause. Thus, victims of natural disasters are the victims suffering in earthquakes, floods,
fires, landslides, and backfilling as well as victims with incrimination causes characteristics (criminological,
criminal-legal) (Ramljak and Simovic; 2006:16). The reason why victimology is so important is the
cognition that the victim is a guide mark to crime perpetrator. According to Wayne (2012), this is especially
important when the victim is alive, since victim is the last person who witnessed
the crime and in that way he
or she can provide the best information about the behavior and the physical description of the offender.
Victimologists, in the first place, examine suffering of victims from the aspects of injury impact and
loss, and after that, actions of authorized officials as part of criminal victim investigation, the treatment of
victim during court proceedings by prosecutors and judges as well as aid to the victim to recover as soon as
possible with adequate moral and financial satisfaction. Victim reintegration and rehabilitation is also a
victimologist‟s task, who through the research try to comprehend why some of the victims cannot carry on
with normal life, yet become depressive, cannot fall asleep, have panic attacks, have stress related diseases,
and why they completely fall back from social life, and according to the results of these researches
victimologists try to suggest the best way for rapid and efficient victims‟ recovery.
2.
VICTIM- ETYMOLOGICAL DETERMINATION
The victim (lat. victima), as a term for someone who suffered or is suffering; it is also used in
irrational or metaphysical sense as an important part of worship ceremony, sacrificing of offerings (victims)
to the deity (lat. sacrificium). In a figurative sense it means renunciation for some noble purposes, sacrifice
for fatherland, family, ideals, etc. (Ramljak and Simovic; 2006:16). There is a large variety – in diversity and
number of victims, as well as in their perpetrators, and leaving victims viewed inseparably or in conjunction
with the criminal-victimology concept and hence in tight correlation with personal situational circumstances.
All victims almost always have the common characteristic - the “violence” and very often asocial feature
(Ramljak and Simovic; 2006:16). Criminology as a traditional scientific discipline and precursor of many
contemporary sciences, in the field of the study of crime, has etiological and phenomenological clarification
of the crime as a research goal. As the perpetrators‟ personality and criminal offense or crime are central
concepts in criminology, so is this science, in its theoretical reflection, in more direct connection with