Fionnuala T. Lundy
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and airway sources.Although saliva has the advantage of being easily collected, its
biochemical complexity may hinder detection of biomarkers specific for periodontal
disease. Furthermore the fact that saliva bathes the whole mouth negates the use of
salivary biomarkers for site-specific identification or monitoring of periodontal disease.
Despite an impressive list of possibilities, biomarkers have yet to reach routine
clinical use as reasonable predictors of periodontal status. This chapter reviews the
analysis of GCF and saliva for monitoring periodontal health and disease. Potentially
important biomarkers of disease in both GCF and saliva are highlighted and their merits
are described in further detail. Putative biomarkers from both host and bacterial sources
are considered and the use of multiple biomarkers is discussed. Following the
technological revolution in both genomic and proteomic analysis over the last decade it is
tempting to speculate that the next decade could bring much waited progress in the field
of biomarker identification and application in the field of periodontal disease.
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