The wonder that was india

Wright, H. N., Catalogue of Coins in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, II (sultans of Delhi and contemporary dynasties), III (Mughal emperors), Oxford, 1907, 1908.

——, Coinage and Metrology of the Sultans of Delhi, incorporating 'The Catalogue of Coins in the Author's Cabinet now in the Delhi Museum', Delhi, 1936; Delhi, 1974, reprint.

General Modern Works in English

Alvi, M. A., and Rahman, A., Fathullah Shirazi- A Sixteenth Century Indian Scientist, New Delhi, 1968.

Appadorai, A., Economic Conditions in Southern India (1000-1500 AD), Madras, 1936.

Baden-Powell, B. H, Land Systems of British India, 3 vols., Oxford, 1892.

Buchanan, F., A Journey from Madras through the Countries of Mysore, Cavara and Malabar, Madras, 1807.

Chaudhuri, K. N., The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company, 1660-1760, Cambridge, 1978.

Chicherov, A. I., India, Economic Development in the 16th-18th Centuries: Outline History of Crafts and Trade, Moscow, 1971.

Chopra, P. N., Some Aspects of Social Life during the Mughal Age (1526-1707), Jaipur, 1963.

Datta, K. K., Survey of India's Social Life and Economic Conditions in the Eighteenth Century, 1707-1813), Calcutta, 1961.

Goiten, S. D., Studies in Islamic History and Institutions, Leiden, 1966.

Gokhale, B. G., Surat in the Seventeenth Century, London, 1979.

Gopal, S., Commerce and Craft in Gujarat: 16th and 17th Centuries, New Delhi, 1975.

Gupta, A. Das, Malabar in Asian Trade, 1740-1800, Cambridge, 1967.

Haque, Ziaul, Landlord and Peasant in Early Islam: A Study of the Legal Doctrine of Muzara'a/Share Cropping, Islamabad, 1977.

Hourani, G., Arab Seafaring in the Indian Ocean, Princeton, 1951.

Khan, Ahsan Raza, Chieftains in the Mughal Empire during the Reign of Akbar, Simla, 1979.

Kurz, Otto, European Clocks and Watches in the Near East, London, 1975.

342

Lambton, A. K. S., Islamic Society in Persia, London, 1954.

——, Landlord and Peasant in Persia, London, 1954.

Maddison, Angus, Class Structure and Economic Growth - India and Pakistan since the Mughals, London, 1971.

Mookerji, R. K., Indian Shipping, Bombay, 1912.

Moreland, W. H. India at the Death of Akbar, London, 1920.

——, From Akbar to Aurangzeb, a Study in Indian Economic History, London, 1923.

——, Agrarian Systems of Moslem India, Cambridge, 1929.

Naqvi, H. K., Urban Centres and Industries in Upper India, 1556-1803, Bombay, 1968.

——, Urbanization and Urban Centres under the Great Mughals, Simla, 1972.

Ojha, P. N., Some Aspects of North Indian Social Life, 1556-1707, Patna, 1961.

Pearson, M. N., Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat, Berkeley, Calif., 1976.

Qaisar, A. J., The Indian Response to European Technology and Culture (1498-1707), Delhi, 1982.

Rashid, A., Society and Culture in Medieval India, Calcutta, 1969.

Raychaudhuri, T., Bengal under Akbar and Jahangir, Calcutta, 1953; New Delhi, 1969, reprint.

—— and Habib, I. (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, I (c. 1200-c. 1750), Cambridge, 1982.

Richards, D. S. (ed.), Islam and the Trade of Asia, Oxford and Pennsylvania, 1970.

Saletore, B. A., Social and Political Life in the Vijayanagara Empire, Madras, 1934.

Serjeant, R. B., The Portuguese of the South Arabian Coast, Oxford, 1963.

Siddiqi, N. A., Land Revenue Administration under the Mughals, Bombay, 1970.

White, Lynn, jnr., Medieval Technology and Social Change, New York, 1964.

Wolf, E., Peasants, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1960.

REFERENCES

1. Ar-Rawandi, Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn Sulayman, The Rahatu's sudur, London, 1921, p. 17.

2. 'Umari, tr. Spies, Masdlik al-absar, p. 28.

3. Abu'l-Fazl, tr. Beveridge, Akbar-nama, I, p. 642.

4. Abu'l-Fazl, tr. Jarrett, A 'in-i Akbari, II, tables of Sarkars.

343

5. Rizvi, Shah 'Abd al-'Aziz, pp. 182-3.

6. Rizvi, Muslim Revivalist Movements in Northern India, p. 142.

7. Bada'uni, tr. Lowe, Muntakhabu't-tawarikh, II, pp. 211-13.

8. Rizvi, A History of Sufism in India, I, p. 124.

9. Rizvi, Religious and Intellectual History of the Muslims in Akbar's Reign, pp. 183-4.

10. Monserrate, The Commentary, p. 209.

11. Barani, Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi, pp. 156-8.

12. 'Umari, tr. Spies, Masalik al-absar, pp. 45-6.

13. See above, p. 106.

14. Babur, tr. Beveridge, Babur-nama, p. 487.

15. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, p. 276.

16. Babur, tr. Beveridge, pp. 486-7.

17. 'Afif, Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi, pp. 99-100, 1078-84.

18. Satish Chandra, 'Standard of Living', in Raychaudhuri and Habib (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of India, I, pp. 458-60.

19. Hasan, Nurul, 'Zamindars under the Mughals', in R. E. Frykenberg (ed.), Land Control and Social Structure in Indian History, Wisconsin, 1969, pp. 17-28.

20. Habib, The Agrarian System of Mughal India, p. 164.

21. Jadunath Sarkar, History of Aurangzlb, V, pp. 333-4.

22. Gibb (tr.), The Travels of Ibn Battuta, III, pp. 624-5.

23. Ibid., III, pp. 619-22.

24. 'Umari, tr. Spies, Masalik al-absar, pp. 18—19.

25. 'Afif, Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi, pp. 124-6, 148.

26. 'Ali bin Mahmud, tr. Syed Nawab 'Ali, Mir'at-i Ahmadi, supplement, pp. 8—17.

27. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 158.

28. Bernier, ed. Constable, Travels in the Mogul Empire, pp. 247- 8.

29. See below, p. 243.

30. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 153.

31. Manucci, Storia do Mogor, II, p. 453.

32. BaranI, Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi, pp. 116-7.

33. Rizvi, Religious and Intellectual History, p. 322.

34. Abu'l-Fazl, tr. Blochmann, A 'in-i Akbari, I, pp. 275-6.

35. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 164.

36. Minhaj, tr. Raverty, Tabaqat-i Nasiri, I, p. 646.

37. K. A. Nizami, Studies in Medieval Indian History and Culture, Allahabad, 1966, pp. 73-9.

38. Rizvi, A Socio-Intellectual History of the Isna 'Ashari Shi 'is in India, II, pp. 203-11.

39. Rizvi, Religious and Intellectual History, pp. 196-7.

40. W. Foster (ed.), The English Factories in India, 1637-1641, Oxford,

344

1912, p. 134; K. N. Chaudhuri, 'The Structure of Indian Textile Industry in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries', Indian Economic and Social History Review, New Delhi, 1974, XI, Nos. 2-3, p. 136.

41. Birch, The Commentaries of the Great Alfonso D'Alboquerque, III, p. 58.

42. Gibb (tr.), Travels of Ibn Battuta, III, p. 288.

43. Pearson, Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat, pp. 40-4, 76-7, 83-4, 93-5, 99-100.

44. W. Foster (ed.), The English Factories in India 1646-50, Oxford, 1914, p. 34.

45. Qaisar, The Indian Response to European Technology and Culture, pp. 70-104.

46. Ibid., pp. 60-4.

47. Ibid., pp. 64-9.

48. Hasan Sijzi, Fawa 'idu'l-fu'ad, pp. 130-1.

49. Minhaj, tr. Raverty, Tabaqat-i Nasiri, II, p. 1133.

50. Hamid Qalandar, Khqyru'l-majalis, p. 241.

51. Tavemier, Travels in India, 1889 edn., I, p. 28.

52. Anecdote of Khwaja Qutbu'd-Din Bakhtiyar Kaki in Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 137.

53. Irian Habib, 'Usury in Medieval India', Comparative Studies in Society and History (The Hague), VI, 1964, p. 413.

54. Pearson, Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat, pp. 125-7, 135, 149-50.

55. M.F. Lokhandwala (tr.), Mir 'at-i Ahmadi, pp. 210-11.

56. Jadunath Sarkar, Shivaji and his Times, pp. 96-8, 171-5.

57. Khafi Khan, tr. Anees Jahan, Muntakhabu'l-lubab, pp. 271-2.

58. M. S. Commissariat, Studies in the History of Gujarat, Bombay, 1935, pp. 54-76.

59. Pelsaert, tr. Moreland and Geyl, The Remonstrantie of Francisco Pelsaert, p. 78.

60. Tavernier, Travels in India, II, p. 183.

VI : RELIGION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Primary Sources in Persian

'Abdu'l-Haqq Muhaddis Dihlawi, Akhbaru'l-akhyar, Delhi, 1914.

Amir Hasan Sijzi, Fawa'idu'l-fu'ad, Bulandshahr, 1855-6.

Amir- Khwurd, Siyaru'l-awliya', Delhi, 1882.

345

Ardistani, Zu'lfaqar, Dabistan-i Mazahib, Lucknow, n.d.; Engl. tr. David Shea and Anthony Troyer, The Dabistan or the School of Manners, Paris, 1843.

al-Biruni, Kitab fi tahqiq ma li'l-Hind, Hyderabad, 1958 (Arabic); Engl. tr. E. C. Sachau, Alberuni's India, London, 1887; Delhi, 1964, reprint.

Dara Shukoh, Sakinat'ul-awliya', Tehran, n.d.

——, Safinatu'l-awliya', Kanpur, 1900.

Ghulam Sarwar, Mufti, Khazinatu 'l-asfiya', Kanpur, 1894.

Hamid Qalandar, Khayru'l-majalis, Aligarh, 1959.

Hashim Badakhshani, Muhammad, Zubdatu'l-maqamat, Kanpur, 1890.

Hujwiri, 'Ali b., 'Usman, Kashfu'l-mahjub, Lahore, 1923; Engl. tr. R. A. Nicholson, London, 1959, reprint.

Jamall, Kanboh Dihlawi, Siyaru 'l-'arifin, Delhi, 1893.

——, Lawa'ih, ed. and tr. E. H. Whinfield and Mirza Muhammad Qazwini, London, 1906.

Jami, Maulana 'Abdu'r-Rahman, Nafahatu'l-uns, Tehran, 1947.

Mujaddid Alf-i Sani, Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi, Maktubat-i Imam-i Rabbani, Karachi, 1972.

Qasuri, 'Abdull'ah, Khweshgi, Ma'ariju'l-wilayat, MS. Azar Collection, Panjab University, Lahore.

Rumi, Jalalu'd-Din, The Mathnam, ed. R. A. Nicholson, 8 vols., London, 1925-40.

——, Tales of Mystic Meaning; Engl. tr. R. A. Nicholson, London, 1931.

——, Selections (from the Masnavi, Divan and Fiki ma fih), Engl. tr. R. A. Nicholson, ed. A. J. Arberry, London, 1950.

——, Discourses of Rumi, Engl. tr. A. J. Arberry, London, 1961.

——, Tales from the Masnam, Engl. tr. J. A. Arberry, London, 1961. Wallu'llah Dihlawi, Shah, Anfasu'l-'arifin, Delhi, 1897.

——, Hama'at, Hyderabad Sind, n.d.; Urdu tr. Lahore, n.d.

Modem Works in English

Abdel-Kader, A. H , The Life, Personality and Writings of al-Junayd, London, 1962.

Afifi, A. A., The Mystical Philosophy of Muhyi'd-Din Ibnu'l-'Arabi, Cambridge, 1939.

Ahmad, Aziz, Studies in Islamic Culture in the Indian Environment, Oxford, 1964.

——and von Grunebaum, G. E., Muslim Self-Statement in India and Pakistan, 1857-1968, Wiesbaden, 1970.

346

Ahmad Shah, The Bijak of Kabir, Hamirpur, 1917.

Arberry, A. G., An Introduction to the History of Sufism, Oxford, 1962.

——, Muslim Saints and Mystics, London, 1966.

Arnold, T. W., The Preaching of Islam, London, 1896.

Burkhardt, T., An Introduction to Sufi Doctrine, tr. D. M. Matheson, Lahore, 1963.

Carpenter, J., Theism in Medieval India, London, 1921; New Delhi, 1977, reprint.

Cunningham, J. D., A History of the Sikhs, ed. H. L. O. Garrett and R. R. Sethi, Delhi, 1955.

Dasgupta, S., Obscure Religious Cults, Calcutta, 1962.

Faruqi, Burhan Ahmad, The Mujaddid's Conception of Tauhid, Lahore, 1940.

Friedmann, Johanan, Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of his Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity, Montreal, 1971.

Gibb, H. A. R., Mohammedanism, New York, 1958.

Grewal, J. S., The Mughals and the Jogis of Jakhbar, Simla, 1967.

——, Guru Nanak in History, Chandigarh, 1969.

Halepota, A. J., Philosophy of Shah Waliu'llah, Lahore, n.d.

Haqq, Enamul, Muslim Bengali Literature, Karachi, 1957.

Hasrat, B.J., Dara Shikoh, (sic) Santiniketan, 1953; New Delhi, 1982, rev. edn.

Hodgson, G. S., The Order of Assassins, The Haque, 1955.

Hourani, G. F., Essays on Islamic Philosophy and Science, New York, 1975.

Husain, Y., Glimpses of Medieval Indian Culture, Bombay, 1957.

Izutsu, T., A Comparative Study of the Key Philosophical Concepts in Sufistn and Taoism, Tokyo, 1966.

——, Ethico-Religious Concepts in the Qur'an, Montreal, 1966, rev. edn.

Landau, R., The Philosophy of Ibn 'Arabi, London, 1960. Macauliffe, M.

A., The Sikh Religion, Oxford, 1909.

Mcleod, W. Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion, Oxford, 1968.

Mirza, M. W., The Life and Works of Amir Khusrau, Calcutta, 1935.

Misra, S. C, Muslim Communities in Gujarat, Bombay, 1964.

Nicholson, R. H. A., The Mystics of Islam, London, 1914.

——, The Idea of Personality in Sufism, Cambridge, 1923.

——, Studies in Islamic Mysticism, Cambridge, 1967, reprint.

Nizami, K. A., The Life and Times of Shaikh Farid al-Din Ganj-i Shakar, Aligarh, 1955.

——, Religion and Politics in India during the Thirteenth Century, Bombay, 1961.

Oddie, G. A. (ed.), Religion in South Asia, Delhi, 1977.

347

Oman, J. C, The Mystics, Ascetics and Saints of India, London, 1903.

——, The Brahmans, Theists and Muslims of India, London, 1907.

Orr, W. G., A Sixteenth-Century Indian Mystic, London, 1947.

Qureshi, I. H., The Muslim Community of the Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent, The Hague, 1962.

Rafiqi, A. Q., Sufism in Kashmir, Varanasi, n.d.

Rizvi, S. A. A., Muslim Revivalist Movements in Northern India in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, Agra, 1965.

——, Religious and Intellectual History of the Muslims in Akbar's Reign, Delhi, 1975.

——, A History of Sufism in India, 2 vols., Delhi, 1978, 1982.

——, Shah Wall Allah and his Times, Canberra, 1980.

——, Shah 'Abd al-'Aziz, Canberra, 1982.

——, A Socio-Intellectual History of the Isna' 'Ashari Shi 'is in India, Canberra and Delhi, 1986.

Roy, Asim, The Islamic Syncretistic Tradition in Bengal, Princeton, 1983.

Sarkar, Jadunath, Anecdotes of Aurangzib, Calcutta, 1963, 4th edn.

Schimmel, A., Gabriel's Wing, Leiden, 1963.

——, 'Islamic Literatures of India, Sindhi Literature, Classical Urdu Literature', in J. Gonda (ed.), History of Indian Literature, Wiesbaden, 1973-5.

——, Mystical Dimensions of Islam, Chapel Hill, 1975.

——, Pain and Grace, Leiden, 1976.

——, The Triumphal Sun, London, 1978.

Sharif, Jafar, Islam in India, tr. G. A. Herklots, London, 1921, rev. edn.; New Delhi, 1972, reprint.

Singh, D., Indian Bhakti Tradition and Sikh Gurus, Ludhiana, 1968.

Singh, Mohan, Kabir and the Bhakti Movement, Lahore, 1934.

——, A History of the Punjabi Literature, Amritsar, 1956.

Subhan, J. A., Sufism, its Saints and Shrines, Lucknow, 1960, reprint.

Tara Chand, Influence of Islam on Indian Culture, Allahabad, 1963, 2nd edn.

Titus, M. T., Islam in India and Pakistan, Calcutta, 1959, rev. edn.

Trilochan Singh, Guru Nanak's Religion, Delhi, 1968.

Trimingham, J. S., The Sufi Orders in Islam, Oxford, 1971.

Vaudeville, Charlotte, Kabir, I, Oxford, 1974.

Watt, M., The Faith and Practice of al-Ghazali, London, 1953.

——, Muslim Intellectual: A Study of al-Ghazali, Edinburgh, 1963.

Wescott, G. H., Kabir and the Kabir Panth, Calcutta, 1953, 2nd edn.

Zaehner, R. C, Hindu and Muslim Mysticism, London, 1960.

348

REFERENCES

1. Barani, Tarikh-i Firiz Shahi, pp. 41-4.

2. M. Habib, The Political Theory of the Delhi Sultanate, Allahabad, 1961, p. 5.

3. Barani, Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi, p. 465.

4. See below, pp. 269-70.

5. Bernier, ed. Constable, Travels in the Mogul Empire, pp. 324-5.

6. Rizvi, A History of Sifism in India, I, pp. 103-3; II, pp. 36-53; see below, pp. 245, 265.

7. Rizvi, History of Sifism, I, p. 28.

8. Encyclopaedia of Islam2, I, pp. 162-3.

9. Zaehner, Hindu and Muslim Mysticism, pp. 93-134, 198-218.

10. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, pp. 190-4.

11. Ibid., I, pp. 210-14.

12. Ibid., I, pp. 277-82.

13. Ibid., I, pp. 283-4.

14. Ibid., I, pp. 228-40.

15. Ibid., I, pp. 285-8.

16. Rizvi, A Socio-Intellectual History of the Isna' 'Ashari Shits in India, I, pp. 202-5.

17. Amir Khwurd, Siyaru'l-awliya', pp. 55-6.

18. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, pp. 127-31.

19. Ibid., I, pp. 131-3.

20. Ibid., I, pp. 133-8.

21. Ibid., I, pp. 139-54.

22. Ibid., I, pp. 154-64.

23. Ibid., I, pp. 165-3.

24. Ibid., I, pp. 184-90.

25. Ibid., I, pp. 242-3.

26. Ibid., I, pp. 244-7.

27. Ibid., I, pp. 251-6.

28. Ibid., I, pp. 289-96.

29. Ibid., I, p. 297.

30. Jonaraja, Rajatarangini, p. 112.

31. Rizvi, Socio-Intellectual History, I, p. 167-76, 183-5.

32. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, pp. 300-3.

33. Gibb (tr.), Travels of Ibn Battuta, II, pp. 273-4.

34. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, p. 289.

35. Al-Biruni, tr. Sachau, Alberuni's India, I, pp. 7-8.

36. Ibid., I, pp. 19-23.

37. Ibid., I, p. 31.

38. Ibid., I, p. 124.

39. Ibid., I, p. 50.

349

40. Ibid., I, p. 233.

41. Ibid., I, pp. 19-20, 101-2; II, pp. 76, 137.

42. Ibid., II, p. 157.

43. Barani, Tarikh-i Firuz Shahi, pp. 42-3.

44. Mirza, The Life and Works of Amir Khusrau, pp. 143-4.

45. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 254.

46. Rizvi, Religious and Intellectual History of the Muslims in Akbar's Reign, pp. 207-9.

47. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, pp. 423-4.

48. Ibid., II, pp. 398-9.

49. Rizvi, Shah Wali Allah and his Times, pp. 329-35.

50. Alberuni's India, I, p. 55.

51. Hujwiri, tr. Nicholson, The Kashfu'l-mahjub, pp. 236, 243, 260- 6, 271.

52. Amir Hasan Sijzi, Fawa'idu'l-fu'ad, p. 97; Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 143.

53. Fawa'idu'l-fu'ad, pp. 257-8; Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 144.

54. Fawa'idu'l-fu'ad, p. 250; Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, p. 143.

55. Rizvi, History of Sufism, I, pp. 327-8.

56. Ibid., I, p. 337.

57. Ibid., I, pp. 339-40.

58. Ibid., I, pp. 350-1.

59. Rizvi, Muslim Revivalist Movements in Northern India, p. 57.

60. Jahangir, tr. Rogers and Beveridge, Tuzuk-i Jahangiri, I, p. 359.

61. Ibn Khaldun, tr. Rosenthal, The Muqaddimah, II, p. 156.

62. Firuz Shah, Futuhat-i Firuz Shahi, p. 8.

63. Bada 'uni, tr. Ranking, Muntakhabu't-tawarikh, I, p. 511.

64. Rizvi, Muslim Revivalist Movements, pp. 104-10.

65. Bada'uni. tr. Ranking, I, pp. 523-5.

66. Rizvi, Muslim Revivalist Movements, pp. 133-4.

67. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, pp. 151-73.

68. Ibid., II, pp. 58-61.

69. Ibid., II, pp. 76-80.

70. Jahangir, tr. Rogers and Beveridge, II, p. 111.

71. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, pp. 94—6.

72. Jahangir, tr. Rogers and Beveridge, II, p. 119.

73. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, pp. 103-6.

74. Ibid., II, p. 121.

75. Ibid., II, pp. 122-5.

76. Ibid., II, pp. 133-4.

77. Ibid., II, pp. 413-24.

78. Ibid., II, 480-1.

79. Ibid., II, pp. 181-5.

350

80. Ibid., II, p. 198.

81. Mujaddid, Maktubat-i Imam-i Rabbani, I, No. 11.

82. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, p. 218.

83. Ibid., II, pp. 242-3.

84. Ibid., II, p. 223.

85. Ibid., II, p. 339-42.

86. Rizvi, Shah Wali Allah, pp. 317-53.

87. Ibid., pp. 343-58; Schimmel, Pain and Grace.

88. Rizvi, History of Sufism, II, pp. 249-51.

89. Rizvi, Socio-Intellectual History, I, pp. 142-8.

90. Ibid., I, pp. 8-12.

91. Flruz Shah, Futuhat-i Firuz Shahi, p. 7.

92. Rizvi, Socio-Intellectual History, I, pp. 157-8.

93. Ibid., I, pp. 262-4.

94. Ibid., I, pp. 166-36.

95. Bada'uni, tr. Lowe, II, p. 337.

96. Rizvi, Socio-Intellectual History, I, pp. 227-35.

97. Ibid., I, pp. 215, 218, 219.

98. Ibid., I, pp. 348, 349.

99. Ibid., I, p. 350.

100. Ibid., I, pp. 376-34.

101. Jahangir, tr. Rogers and Beveridge, I, p. 60.

102. Rizvi, Socio-lntellectual History, II, pp. 3-4.

103. Sarkar, Anecdotes of Aurangzib, 4th edn. p. 88.

VII : FINE ARTS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Architecture

Batley, C, Indian Architecture, Bombay, 1965.

Brown, P., Indian Architecture (Islamic Period), Bombay, 1975, 2nd rev. edn.

Briggs, Martin S., Everyman's Concise Encyclopaedia of Architecture, London, 1959.

Fergusson, James, History of Indian Art and Architecture, 1876; Delhi, 1967, reprint.

Ghurye, G. S, Rajput Architecture, Bombay, 1968.

Havell, E. B., Indian Architecture, London, 1919.

——, A Handbook to Agra and the Taj, Calcutta, 1924.

Hurlimann, M., Delhi, Agra, Fathpur-Sikri, London, 1963.

351

Husain, A. B. M., Fathpur-Sikri and its Architecture, Dacca, 1970.

Kittoe, M., Illustrations of Indian Architecture from the Muhammadan Conquest downwards, Calcutta, 1838.

Kuhnel, E., Islamic Art and Architecture, New York, 1962.

Latif, S. M., Agra Historical and Descriptive, Calcutta, 1896.

Lockwood, de Forest, Indian Domestic Architecture, New York, 1885.

Nath, R., The Immemorial Taj Mahal, Bombay, 1972.

——, Some Aspects of Mughal Architecture, New Delhi, 1976.

Rizvi, S. A. A., and Flynn, V. J., Fathpur-Sikri, Bombay, 1975.

Smith, V. A., A History of Fine Art in India and Ceylon, rev. K. de B. Codrington, Oxford, 1930; third edn enlarged and rev. Karl Khandalavala, Bombay, 1969.

Terry, J., The Charm of Indo-Islamic Architecture, London, 1955.

Toye, Sydney, The Strongholds of India, London, 1957.

Painting and Music

Archer, W. G., Indian Miniatures, Greenwich, 1960.

Arnold, T. W., Painting in Islam, London, 1928.

——, and Wilkinson, J. V. S., The Library of Chester Beatty; Catalogue of the Indian miniatures, 3 vols., Bloomsbury, London, 1936.

Barrett, D., Painting of the Deccan, XVI-XVII Century, London, n.d.

——and Gray, Basil, Painting in India, Skira, 1963.

Binyon, L., and Arnold, T. W., The Court Painters of the Grand Moguls, Oxford, 1921.

Brown, P., Indian Painting under the Mughals, A.D.1550 to 1750, New York, 1975, reprint.

Clarke, C. Stanley, Mughal Painting: The School of Jahangir, New Delhi, 1983.

Coomaraswamy, A. K., Indian Drawings, London, 1910 - 12.

——, Catalogue of the Indian Collections in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Cambridge, Mass., 1930.

Das, A. K., Mughal Painting during Jahangir's Time, Calcutta, 1978.

Ettinghausen, R., Paintings of Sultans and Emperors of India, New Delhi, 1961.

Goeshuis, M., Indian Painting, London, 1978.

Gray, Basil, Treasures of Indian Miniatures in the Bikaner Palace Collection, Oxford, 1951.

——, Persian Painting, Skira, 1961.

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