International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (ijsell) Volume 2, Issue 8, August 2014, pp 116-130

 
Seventh 
Language 
Uses
 

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Structural Linguistics and its Implication to Language Teaching 
 
International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL) Page | 124
four skills of language: writing, reading, listening, and speaking. In language learning, teacher 
must understand that language is a tool to express meaning of opinions, ideas, and feelings. In 
other word that
meaning which will be delivered to others or received or understood by others are 
including in the language that is used. 
In language teaching, language teaching aspects should be considered. Widdowson (1987) says 
that learning language means learning to ask, giving information,to appreciate, to conduct, to 
salutate, etcetra, in the target language. According to Joko Nurkamto (2004), there are two 
activities that involve
 
the impersonation activities, that is imitate the form of language and social 
role. Meanwhile, the two other activities involve the application, that is the application of rules of 
language and the application of knowledge of the world. According to Verhaar (2001: 37), 
language provides a road network that is different for every community and language determines 
the way of human mind. 
Language teaching has a role as a responsible activity proceeds and the obligation to prepare 
students so that later become citizens of a multiethnic society because society says it is now faced 
with the age that recognizes the diversity or the so-called era of globalization. With the situation 
as it is today, ethnic diversity is everywhere, it is time when we are oriented in the cross-cultural 
insight so that the harmony of life and the harmony of speaking are awake. 
Teaching is a process, act, how to teach, or teach. In the process of teaching and learning there is 
what is called the transfer of knowledge i.e. knowledge transfer or delivery. Because learning is 
strongly influenced by the factors of study, the problem now is: “What factors that influence 
student‟s learning, so that learning is more successful”.
In the opinion of Tarigan (1988: 28), he states that the condition of individual students influence 
their learning success. Individual conditions include: the physiological condition of the general 
physiological condition and the condition of the senses; psychological condition consisting of 
interest, motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) intelligence, aptitude, and cognitive abilities. So that, 
the condition of the individual learner needs to be discussed and sought the influence of the 
success of students‟ learning. 
Further, Tarigan (1988: 37) says about the professionalism of teachers, there needs to be 
improvements concerning three aspects, namely: knowledge, clarity, and warmth. Teachers who 
have formal education with wide experience and more training, will be more successful in helping 
students achieve their educational goals. Teachers who master the science in their field, tend to 
appear their performance in the teaching learning process to the more interesting and clear. The 
warmth of the attitude of teachers is very important, because the warmth is what will invite 
mutual understanding between teachers and students, and students and students. 
Skinner (1959: 17) states that the environment greatly affects the success of students‟ learning. 
Environment here is the state of the natural environment such as temperature, air humidity, and 
the social environment such as humans, the role of teachers in schools, the role of parents at 
home. Representation like learning through television and radio broadcasts. The other social 
environment is silence situation, calm, peaceful place to learn and the surrounding influence on 
students‟ success in learning. 
The use of instruments or tools of learning are planned in accordance with the desired learning 
outcomes. These tools can be either hardware such as buildings, fixtures learning, practical tools, 
laboratory, and that intangible software such as curriculum, study guide, syllabus which greatly 
affect the success of students‟ learning. 
The results of the study are expected to be two things: the ability in mastering theoretical 
knowledge and mastering the practical skills. Learning outcomes that are derived from the ability 
in mastering theoretical knowledge is more abstract, while the results that obtained from the 
mastery learning practical knowledge is more concrete and immediate result can be enjoyed such 
as driving a car, playing the piano, painting, and so on. 
2.
The Nature of English Language Learning 
English is the first foreign language in Indonesia, which is considered essential for the purpose of 
development of science technology and the arts, and fostering relationships with other nations 
(Department of Education, 2005: 8). Furthermore, it also explained that the subjects of English is 

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