Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental Revolutionary
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(Linux operating system, cont. ) as Microsoft threat, 1 6 3 , 1 67- 68, 202 Minix compared with, 92, 98- 1 06 multiprocessor machines, 146 name originally planned for, 84, 88 networking and, 1 1 6- 1 7 Oracle and, 1 5 9 origins of, 5 7 , 58, 64, 78-87 page-to-disk, 9 1 , 92 penguin symbol, 1 38-40 portability, 1 0 1 -2 , 1 04-5 , 1 32 public relations considerations, 1 27-29 secondary projects utilizing, 228-29 security issues, 1 1 7 Sun Microsystems and, 1 5 7 support infrastructure, 202-3 Tanenbaum's attacks against, 98, 1 00- 1 06, 1 1 1 - 1 2 , 1 1 7 Torvalds as user community leader and, 20, 1 20-2 2 , 1 68- 69, 1 90 Torvalds's meaning of life theory and, xx-xxi trademark dispute, 20, 1 3 3-35 Version LO release, 1 1 7 , 1 27- 29 version releases, 87-92 , 96, 1 1 6, 1 1 7 , 1 3 2 X windowing system and, 1 1 5 - 1 6 Linux SMP, 146 LISP machine, 1 94-95 Looking Glass (Unix desktop), 1 30 2 5 6 I n de x M achine programming lan- guage, 1 0 , 44, 45 Mach operating system, 1 49-5 1 Mac operating system, 8 1 Mac OS X operating system, 1 49 Maddog. See Hall, Jon mainframe computers, 1 60 Mandelbrot, Benoit, 7 5 Mark Williams Company, 92 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1 1 5 , 1 94 mathematics, 6, 74-7 5 , 7 6 McKusik, Marshall Kirk, 56, 1 1 4 microkernel approach, operating systems and, 98-99, 1 0 1 , 1 04, 1 5 0 Microsoft, 1 1 4, 1 49, 1 5 1 bundling of software by, 2 1 8 Halloween Document, 1 67 IBM and, 1 5 8 licensing and, 206 Linux as threat to, 1 6 3 , 1 67- 68, 202 Linux system compared with, 1 60-6 1 Netscape and, 1 5 6 MicroVAX computer, 5 3 , 54 Minix operating system, 1 29 Linux compared with, 92, 98- 1 06 Torvalds as user, 5 2 , 6 1 -63, 78, 8 1 , 84-87 , 90-9 1 MIT. See Massachusetts Institute of Technology mobile phones. See cell phones modems, 63 monolithic approach, operating systems and, 99- 1 00, 1 0 1 , 1 04 Morfar. See Tornqvist, Leo Waldemar motivation influencing factors, xviii-xxii, 244-49 for programmers, 1 2 2 , 227, 228 Motorola, 41 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 2 1 1 Mozilla (Netscape project), 1 5 5 - 5 7 , 2 3 1 -32 Mozilla Crypto Group, 15 7 MP3 technology, 2 1 6 multitasking, by computers, 4 1 music industry, recording tech- nology and, 2 1 6- 1 7 N apoleon, 1 3 Napster, 2 1 6 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 1 6 1 Nesson, Charles, 226 NetBSD, 5 7 Netherlands Unix Users Group, 1 1 3 Netscape, 20 Mozilla project, 1 5 5-57, 2 3 1 -32 networking, 1 1 7 , 1 5 1 Linux and, 1 1 6- 1 7 newsgroups advocacy, 1 5 5-56, 1 5 7 , 1 5 8, 1 5 9, 1 62 Linux, 1 1 7 - 1 8 Newton, Isaac, 94, 228 Nokia, 3 3 , 94, 243, 244 Norssen High School (Helsinki), 24, 2 5 Norway, 32 Novell, Inc . , 5 7 , 1 30 O penBSD, 5 7 Open Law Project, 2 2 6 open source, 2 0 , 1 1 4, 1 2 1 -22, 1 28, 1 4 1 antiestablishment sentiment for, 1 6 1 Apple Computer and, 149-50 control issues, 2 1 8 free software movement and, 58, 1 66-67 , 1 94-95 future technology development and, 223-24 General Public License and, 58, 59, 96-97 , 1 94-96, 2 2 5 IBM and, 1 5 7-58, 1 62 idealist vs. pragmatist debate about, 1 63-66 Informix and, 1 5 8-59 intellectual property issues and, 204, 2 1 0, 230 Netscape browser technology and, 1 5 5 - 5 7 , 23 1 -32 Palm Computing and, 2 1 9 programmer motivation and, 1 2 2 , 227, 228 rationale for, 2 2 5 -34 Sun Microsystems and, 1 5 1 , 1 5 2 See also Linux operating system operating systems (OS), 7 5 , 222-23 early versions, 39, 4 1 microkernel approach, 98-99, 1 0 1 , 1 04, 1 5 0 I n de x 2 5 7 (operating systems (OS), cont. ) monolithic approach, 99- 1 00 , 1 0 1 , 1 04 Torvalds's early tinkering with, 44 See also Linux operating sys tem; other specific operating systems Operating Systems: Design and Implementation (Tanenbaum), 5 1 , 5 2 , 54, 79-80, 1 1 2 , 1 22-23 Oracle, 1 5 9 OS/2 operating system, 1 5 8 Ft Man (computer game), 46, 47 page-to-disk, 9 1 , 92 Palm Computing, 2 1 9 Palm Pilots, 2 1 9 patents, 204, 208-9 PCs. See personal computers PC Week (magazine), 1 86-88 PDP- 1 1 computer, 56 penguin, as Linux symbol, 1 38- 40 Pentium FO OF lockup bug, 1 6 5 -66 perception, role of, 2 2 2 , 2 2 3 personal computers, 39, 4 1 , 48- 49, 5 1 , 222-2 3 , 2 2 5 Playboy (magazine), 1 6, 1 8 Polytechnic University of Helsinki, 5 8 , 1 29 portability, 1 0 1 -2 , 1 04-5 , 1 3 2 POSIX, 7 9 POSIX standards, 7 9-80 President's Ball (Finland), 1 98-99 2 5 8 I n de x Prince of Persia (computer game), 6 1 programming languages assembly, 39, 4 1 , 44, 4 5 , 46, 63 BASIC, 7, 1 0 C, 4 5 , 5 2 Forth, 43 Java, 1 5 6, 1 5 8, 2 1 8- 1 9 machine, 1 0 , 44, 45 See also Computer programming protected mode, 62 0 -DOS operating system, 4 1 R andi (Torvalds's cat), 5 0- 5 1 , 1 2 3 Raymond, Eric, 1 5 6-5 7 , 1 6 3 , 1 66, 1 67 , 1 96 read-only memory (ROM), 44-4 5 , 62 real mode, 62 recording technology, music industry and, 2 1 6- 1 7 Red Hat, 1 4 3 , 1 5 8, 1 5 9, 1 64, 1 66, 1 7 2-7 5 , 1 92 , 203 Red Herring (magazine), 65 reindeer, Finland and, 3 1 , 3 2 Richie, Dennis, 5 6 ROM (read-only memory), 44-4 5 , 62 Roman Empire, 247 root accounts, 1 9 1 root beer, Torvalds's dislike of, 1 3 1 , 1 36 Russia, 1 3 , 3 2 , 3 3 S an jose Mercury News, 20 saunas, 2 1 -2 2 , 3 1 -3 2 , 1 3 1 Saxberg, Ole Torvald Elis (Farfar; grandfather), 1 4 science, original perceptions of, 227-28 Scientology, 2 1 3 security issues, Linux and, 1 1 7 sex, Torvalds's meaning of life theory and, xix, xviii, xxi, 246-47 shareware, 93 shell command, 54 shell programs, 82-84, 87 Sibelius, Jean, 1 7 6 Silicon Graphics, 203 Silicon Valley, 2 1 , 22, 23, 149 Sinclair, Clive, 4 1 , 48 Sinclair QL computer, 4 1 -46, 48, 49, 5 1 , 5 3 Sinebrychoff family, 1 6 68008 computer chip, 4 1 -42, 48 social order, as motivational fac- tor, xviii-xxii, 245-49 sockets, Unix, 1 1 6 Sony, 223 Sony Playstation 2 , 2 2 2 , 2 2 3 source code, 82, 94 . See also open source Space Wars (computer game), 5 6 Spektrum (college club), 27-28, 77, 1 1 0-1 1 Spice Girls, 2 1 1 Stallman, Richard, 58-59, 96, 1 5 6, 1 63 , 1 66, 1 67 , 1 94-96 Star Office, 1 5 2 , 1 8 1 Sun Microsystems, 1 5 1 -5 3 Java programming language, 1 5 6, 1 5 8, 2 1 8 - 1 9 Jini interaction agent lan guage, 1 5 1 - 5 2 , 1 5 7 Linux and, 1 5 7 Unix operating system, 79, 82 survival, as motivational factor, xviii-xxi, 244-48 SuSE (Linux version), 1 5 9 Sweden, 1 3 Symbolics, 1 94-95 system calls, 54-5 5 , 79, 8 1 -83 System V code-base (Unix), 56-57 T aligent operating system, 149 Tanenbaum, Andrew S. attacks against Linux by, 98, 1 00- 1 06, 1 1 1 - 1 2 , 1 1 7 Minix operating system and, 5 2 , 6 1 Operating Systems by, 5 1 , 5 2 , 5 3 , 7 9-80, 1 22-23 task-switching, 63 TCP/IP (networking standard), 1 1 7 technology future development perspec tives, 2 20-24 Torvalds's meaning of life theo ry and, xix-xx, xxi Tele, 143 telephony, Linux utilization of, 229 terminal emulation, 62-64, 77, 78, 90 Tevanian, Avie, 149- 5 0 Thompson, Ken, 5 6 Timex computers, 4 1 Tivo, 229 I n de x 2 5 9 Tornqvist, Leo Waldemar (Morfar; grandfather), 6, 7, 9, 1 1 - 1 2 , 14, 18, 35, 1 36 Tornqvist, Mormor (grand mother), 1 8 Torvalds, Anna (Mikke; mother), 1 5 , 1 6 , 1 8 , 84, 1 2 3 , 1 28, 1 44, 145 background and meeting with, 65-7 1 Torvalds, Celeste (daughter), 1 4 1 Torvalds, Daniela (daughter), xvii, xxi, 23, 25, 34, 1 4 1 , 1 44, 1 7 2 , 1 7 7 , 1 8 1 , 200, 2 0 1 Torvalds, Leo (half-brother), 1 0- 1 1 , 1 5 - 1 6 Torvalds, Linus accessibility of, 1 86-90 army duty, 28-29, 5 0 BMW sports car, 1 09- 1 0, 2 3 7 as cat owner, 50-5 1 , 1 2 3 childhood appearance, 3-5 college years, 27-28, 50, 5 1 - 54, 60-64, 77-8 1 , 90, 1 1 0- 1 1 , 1 1 4, 1 36-37 commercial success's effects on, 237-38 computers as childhood hobby, 9- 1 0, 1 6- 1 9, 24, 26, 39-47 , 69, 7 1 control as issue for, 2 1 5 - 1 9 courtship and marriage, 7 1 , 1 2 2-2 3 , 1 28, 1 44 early programming efforts, 8, 1 0 , 1 7 , 43-47 fame's upside and downside, 2 3 5 -37 family background, 1 3- 1 6 family's recollection of child hood of, 65-7 1 2 6 0 I n de x fan websites, 1 2 9 fascination with programming, 7 3 -76 first computer, 6-8, 1 2 , 3 5 , 39 first PC, 60-64 first program written, 8 first U.S. visit, 1 30-32 on Forbes cover, 1 62 future technology development perspectives, 2 20-24 guiding life principles, 1 7 9 high school years, 24-26 image misconceptions, 1 88-90 increased interest in exercise, 1 3 3 , 240-4 1 intellectual property concerns, 204- 1 4 Jobs (Steven) meeting with, 1 49-5 1 as journalist favorite, 1 63 , 1 67 -69, 1 86-88 Joy (Bill) meetings, 1 5 1 - 5 3 as Linux community leader, 20, 1 20-22 , 1 68-69, 1 90 meaning of life theory, xvii xxii, 5 1 , 22 1 , 242-49 move to new house, 200-2 0 1 online collection for, 64, 1 1 8, 142 open source philosophy ratio nale, 2 2 5 -34 parents' divorce, 10, 1 8 , 34, 67 on people's overbearing seri ousness, 1 9 1 -97 political views, 1 6 5 , 230 as President's Ball invitee, 1 98-99 public speaking and, 1 1 2 , 1 1 3- 1 4 , 1 20, 1 70 , 1 79-85 ' 1 92 as research assistant, 1 1 5 , 1 3 3 root account, 1 9 1 -92 school stipend awards, 40-4 1 sleep's importance to, 148 social insecurity of, 26, 27, 1 1 0- 1 1 as Spektrum club member, 27- 28, 77, 1 1 0- 1 1 stock options, 1 66 , 1 7 2-78 summer jobs as child, 40 as teaching assistant, 1 1 5 , 1 22- 23 terminal emulation program, 62-64, 7 7 , 78, 90 at Transmeta Corporation, 20, 7 1 , 1 1 5 , 1 4 1 -48, 1 5 9, 1 66, 1 69, 1 78, 1 8 1 , 1 86-89 unlisting of phone number, 1 70-7 1 See also Linux operating system Torvalds, Marta (Farmar; grand mother), 1 4 , 9 1 Torvalds, Nils (Nicke; father), 1 0- 1 1 , 1 5 , 1 7 , 1 8 , 26, 4 1 , 60, 65 -68, 69, 84, 1 2 3 , 1 28, 200 Torvalds, Patricia (daughter), xvii, xviii, xxi, xxii, 2 3 , 2 5 , 34, 7 1 , 1 3 2 , 1 4 1 , 1 44, 145 , 1 54, 1 5 5 , 1 77 , 1 8 1 , 200, 2 0 1 Torvalds, Sara (sister), 4, 8, 1 1 , 1 5 - 1 9, 2 5 , 63, 64, 65 , 67-7 2 , 84, 9 2 , 1 2 3 , 1 5 5 Torvalds, Tove (wife), xvii, xxi, xxii, 1 1 , 50, 1 08 , 1 36, 239, 240 Comdex Show ( 1 999) and, 1 80, 1 8 1 courtship and marriage, 7 1 , 1 2 2-2 3 , 1 28, 1 44 daughters' births, 1 4 1 , 1 44, 1 5 5 family life, 2 3 , 34, 1 5 9, 1 70 journalists and, 1 29 Linux penguin symbol and, 1 38-39 move to new house, 200-20 1 move to United States, 144-45 at President's Ball, 1 99 Red Hat initial public offer ing, 1 7 2 , 1 7 3 as squash player, 1 3 3 , 1 34 trademarks, 208 Linux operating system dis pute, 20, 1 3 3-35 trade secrets, 208, 209- 1 0 , 2 1 3 Transmeta Corporation, 20, 7 1 , 1 1 5 , 1 4 1 -48, 1 5 9, 1 66 , 1 69, 1 78, 1 8 1 , 1 84, 1 86-89 Transmeta Web Slate, 229 U ltrix operating system, 5 3 United States Copyright Extension Act, 226 University of California-Berkeley, 5 6-57 University of Helsinki, 2 7 , 5 3 , 5 4 , 1 1 7 , 1 22 , 1 28-29, 143 University of Illinois, 1 5 6 Unix Domain Sockets, 1 1 6 Unix operating system, 20, 5 2 - 5 8 , 79, 87, 1 30, 1 60 Berkeley Software Distribution code-base, 5 7 , 1 5 2 , 1 5 3 Bourne Shell, 82-83 IBM's version, 1 5 7 vendor disputes, 1 69 I n dex 2 6 1 V A Linux, 1 3 5 , 1 74-7 5 , 1 77 , 228 vector graphics, 46 VHS tapes, 21 7 VIC-20. See Commodore VIC-20 computer Vierumaki, Jouko (Avuton), 49, 69, 72, 84, 94, 1 34, 239 Vikings, 1 3 Visor (computing device), 2 1 9 VMS operating system, 5 3 , 5 5 W apit, 2 30-3 1 war, Torvalds's meaning of life theory and, xviii-xix, xxi, 247 Webrush (Berkeley event), 242- 44 Web servers, Linux and, 1 5 7-58, 1 60, 226 2 6 2 I n dex Wendt, Ernst von (great-grandfa ther), 1 5 Windows NT operating system, 1 5 8, 1 60, 1 67 Windows operating system, 5 5 , 1 1 8, 1 5 8 Wired (magazine), 1 5 3 wireless technology, 2 1 5 , 248 cell phones, 32-33, 243 , 244 Wirzenius, Lars, 2 7 , 5 8 , 64, 1 08, 1 1 5 , 1 27-28 Wosniak, Steve, 4 1 X 86 interpreter, 147 XENIX operating system, 1 08 X windowing system, 1 1 5 - 1 6 Z borowsky, Orest, 1 1 5 - 1 6 A U TO B I O G R A P H Y I C O M P U T E R S "Some people are born to lead millions. Others are born to write world-changing software. Only one person does both: Torvalds." - Time Once upon a time Linus Torvalds was a skinny unknown, just another nerdy Helsinki techie who had been fooling around with computers since child hood. Then he wrote a groundbreaking operating system and distributed it via the Internet-for free. Today Torvalds is an international folk hero. And his creation LINUX is used by over 12 million people as well as by compa nies such as IBM. Now, in a narrative that zips along with the speed of e-mail, Torvalds gives a history of his renegade software while candidly revealing the quirky mind of a genius. The result is an engrossing portrayal of a man with a revolutionary vision, who challenges our values and may change our world. ' ' ' He lives- in San Jo�e. C9lifornia, with his wife 3ii.d children. ' ' ' ' DAVID DIAMOND bas written .fei; if:te-- 1\TeU). Yd& Times, Wire&, USA 'f#ekend, atl,dl many other publtcations. He Jives in �tfield, 0.difotnia, :with his wife md daug}i.ter. USA $14.99 ' ' ' \ \ \ ... - - - Document Outline
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