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International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
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Complex structural characterization of glassy carbons
Karolina Jurkiewicz
1
, Dorota Zygadło
1
, Mirosława Pawlyta
2
, Stanisław Duber
3
,
Roman Wrzalik
1
, Alicja Ratuszna
1
, and Andrzej Burian
1
1
Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary
Research, ul. 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów Poland, e-mail: karolina.jurkiewicz@us.edu.pl
2
Laboratory of Structural Research, University of Silesia, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
3
Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology,
ul. Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Glassy carbon is non-graphitizing, hard carbon material. The most recent studies have
suggested that glassy carbon has a fullerene-related atomic structure [1, 2].
Raman spectroscopy can be used as a verification of the fullerene-related structure of carbon
materials, since the curved, defective carbon fragments should contribute in a significant way to
the Raman scattering. Fullerenes and nanotubes give a fingerprint for their curved carbon
network in the low-frequency region (< 1000 cm
–1
) of Raman spectra. The occurrence of Raman
peaks in this region (Fig. 1) provides evidence for the presence of fullerene- and nanotube-like
elements in the investigated glassy carbons. Moreover, comparative studies of the first- and
second-order Raman spectra for the series of glassy carbons prepared at temperatures from the
range of 600–2500°C were performed to reveal differences in their structural ordering and
correlate them with results obtained by diffraction combined with modeling, high transmission
electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy.
Fig. 1. Low-frequency Raman modes for glassy carbons pyrolyzed up to different temperatures from the range of
600–2500°C. Insets show selected HRTEM images with curved structural units of around 1 nm in diameter.
Keywords: glassy carbons; Raman spectroscopy; fullerene-like structure
Acknowledgment
K. J. is thankful for the financial support from the National Center of Science, grant no.
2015/19/N/ST3/01037.
References
[1] P.J.F. Harris, Philosophical Magazine 84 (2004) 3159.
[2] K. Jurkiewicz, S. Duber, H.E. Fischer, A. Burian, J. Appl. Cryst. 50 (2017) 36.
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International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
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Spectroscopic characterization of vitroceramic artefacts
and their clay precursors
O. Ponta
1
, A. Vulpoi
1
, V.V. Zirra
2
, and S. Simon
1
1
Babes-Bolyai University, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Cluj-
Napoca, Romania, e-mail: simons@phys.ubbcluj.ro
2
Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
The study is focused on investigation of pottery fragments collected from the foundation of a
protohistoric site, located in Romania, close to the river Danube, dated towards the end of fourth
century BC. The occurence of pottery pieces under walls of that times is related to the
foundation ritual. The samples were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled
with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD)
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies.
The characterization of the samples also includes chemical composition and microstructural
properties of clay precursors subjected to processing conditions which are expected to be close
to that used in ancient times. They are slightly calcareous ceramic matrices. The identified
crystalline phases are preponderantly quartz, with plagioclase, mica, wollastonite and magnetite.
The results indicate that the possible firing temperature in air could be above 1100°C, or lower -
if the artisans used reducing atmosphere, that is impressive for that times.
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International Conference on Molecular Spectroscopy, Białka Tatrzańska 2017
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Structure of thermosensitive chitosan gels containing calcium
glycerophosphate during conditioning in water
Sławomir Kuberski
1
, Agata Lilia Skwarczyńska
2
, Waldemar Maniukiewicz
3
,
Jan Sielski
1
, and Zofia Modrzejewska
1
1
Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska
213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland, e-mail: slawomir.kuberski@p.lodz.pl
2
Department of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszow University of
Technology, Powstancow Warszawy 6, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland, askwarczynska@prz.edu.pl
3
Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116,
90-924 Lodz, Poland
In this paper the properties of thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels based on chitosan chloride
with β-glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate and chitosan chloride with β-glycerophosphate
disodium salt hydrate enriched with calcium glycerophosphate are presented. The study is
focused on the determination of hydrogel structure during conditioning in water. The
physicochemical properties of the chitosan hydrogel before and after conditioning in water have
been examined by various methods including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the crystallinity of gel
structure was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD).
Fig. 1. FTIR spectra of chitosan – black, chitosan hydrogel – green, chitosan + GPCa 0.1 – red,
chitosan + GPCa 0.2 – blue, chitosan + GPCa 0.4 – violet
before conditioning in water (left) and after 18 h of conditioning in water (right).
Keywords: chitosan hydrogel; calcium glycerophosphate; β-glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate.
Acknowledgment
The research was financed by the National Science Center of Poland – Grant UMO-2014/15/B/ST8/02512.
References
[1] Juan Jiang, Pei Pei Cao, Jun Bo Li, Xi Guang Chen, Carbohydrate Polymers 117, 6 (2015) 524-536.
[2] M. Kaminska, S. Kuberski, W. Maniukiewicz, P. Owczarz, P. Komorowski, Z. Modrzejewska, B.
Walkowiak Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 32(2) (2017) 209.
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