Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic uzbekistan state world languages university

non-substantial 
comparison,
linguists mean comparison of systems and their elements. 
At the early stages of development of typology as a science, the major role is 
longed to thesubstantial comparison, which is considered primary. Yuri 
Rojdenstvenskiy' wrote "...in General Linguistics the relations between language 
systems based on substantial features. The languages were considered cognate 
because the linguists found principal similarity in their substance: sound and 
content".Non-substantial comparison played a significant role in shaping 
Comparative Typology as an independent science. 
There are two approaches to language description: 
internal
and
external
. 
Internal approach
deals with the comparison of the systems of any concrete 
language. It is inner comparison within one concrete language. 
External approach
deals with thecross-language comparison.
Comparative Typology may compare language systems 
panchronically 
though they are living or dead; besides, it may compare language systems 
s
ynchronically
and 
diachronically.
 
The diachronic approach
is a stative study of a certain period. 
The 
synchronic approach 
is a dynamic one. 
 
Questions for self-control: 
 
1.
What does the term ‘typology’ mean? 
2.
Do we use this term in everyday life? 
3.
What is the role of Typology in Linguistics? 
4.
What tasks does this subject have? 
5.
What is the necessity of learning typology
?
6.
What is the difference between Linguistic and Non-Linguistic typology? 
7.
Name the periods of Comparative typology development.
8.
Name the factors of Comparative typology development.
9.
What directions of comparative typological investigations are known to 
us? 
10.
How did Dr. Buranov classify Comparative Typology? 

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11.
What does linguistic typology study? 
12.
What can you say about different viewpoints to the Linguistic typology? 
13.
Speak about differences between linguistic and non-linguistic typologies. 
14.
What methods of investigation do you know? 
15.
How do you understand panchronical approach to thecomparison of 
language systems? 
16.
Characterize substantial and non-substantial types of comparison. Which is 
used in modern linguistics? 
17.
What can you say about theinternal and external approach to 
thecomparison? 
18.
Give the division of linguistic typology with the respect to different 
criteria.