Principles of translation use of electronic means Translation memory

principles of translation

use of electronic means

Translation memory

OUTLINE

• General principles of working with terminology in translation
• The use of electronic means in translation. Electronic dictionaries.
• Translation memory

General principles of working with terminology in translation

• Translation is the expression in another language (or the target language) of what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences.
• Translation is the replacement of a text in one language by a replacement of an equivalent text in a second language. (Meetham and Hudson, 1972: 713)
• Translation is the production of a functional target text maintaining a relationship with a given source text that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the target text. (Nord, and Cowie, 2007:182)

Translation Types according to Code

• three ways of interpreting a verbal sign: it may be translated into other signs of the same language, into another language, or into another code that is nonverbal system of symbols. These three types are succinctly put as follows:
• Intralingual translation or rewording: It is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same language.
• Interlingual translation or translation proper: It is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language.
• Intersemiotic translation or transmutation: It is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of nonverbal sign system.

Translation Equivalence

• Equivalence is a key concept in the translation process in general and in the linguistic theories in particular. Ideally, equivalence is a bilingual synonymy or sameness based on lexical universals and cultural overlaps.
• Ideally, equivalence is a bilingual synonymy or sameness based on lexical universals and cultural overlaps