198
İqtisadi və Siyasi Elmlər Jurnalı.
№ 4 (9) 2017
on a number of points that change the status, establish a federal structure,
compress ethnos, and so on. However, controversy over the disputed
territory stands in the vast majority of these types of conflicts. It is still
most commonly found in the former Soviet Union [1, pp. 221-222].
The collapse of the Soviet Union was accompanied by the beginning
of a new political and geopolitical struggle around the trans-national paths
of isolated, forgotten regions, special strategic and geopolitical
significance, as part of the USSR, one of which is the South Caucasus. The
geopolitical position of the region is significant both in terms of its
potential, its geographical position, and the fact that it connects two
different poles and connects two different civilizations [2, p 257]. From
this point of view, Russia tries to use the principle of conflict as a legal and
actual successor to the USSR to maintain permanent control of the South
Caucasus, a "vital space". The timely agenda of ethnic conflict in Russia,
which is the main method of pressure, results in the interference in the
foreign
policy of its countries, one of which is most vulnerable in Georgia.
Georgia is a country with a population of about 4 million, embracing
many ethnic, social groups and different religions in the South Caucasus
region [3]. The country's geopolitical position includes the important
transit zone. We can explain it with a few moments:
• It is the cornerstone of the The East West and North South Road.
• Georgia is the most important transit route for Azerbaijan's entry into
the world market and transportation of energy resources of the
Caspian and Central Asia to Europe.
• Turkey's connection with Azerbaijan, Central Asia region is mainly
carried out with Georgia.
• It has a key status in Russia's access to the Mediterranean Sea, the
relations with the Middle East and Africa and defending Armenia.
• For Europe and the US, Georgia is also important in terms of
reducing dependence on Russia, both politically and in the direction
of energy carriers towards the European region.
From the perspective of regional political conflicts on the agenda of
the world political arena over the last decade, we can witness the Cold War
over Georgia as a US and a Russian one. It is clear that Russia is a country
that has history throughout the region and can lose its political power by
overcoming control of the South Caucasus and Ukraine from the point of
view of the region. The problem of Georgia's conflict with interests, the
struggle of interests is the last time chosen by its actuality.
If we analyze the
Georgian problem, we will have 3 directions.