Regional and property scale structural analysis
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- Figure 12 - Property scale linears based on topography.
- Linears based on Magnetics
- Figure 17 - Compilation of property scale linears with target location (red circle).
- STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURES Period: Aug 1-25, 2014 PROJECT: Xama Property – Endako Area, BC Professional Wages
- TOTAL $5,400.00
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and northwest linears are also observed. Short strike length, northeasterly trending linears, although abundant in the study area, have been largely ignored for the purposes of this study, as they reflect for the most part effects of the most recent glaciation.
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The Property is bracketed by a number of topographic linears that could be important from a mineralization perspective. These include an east-northeastern linear on the north, a northeastern linear on the south and northwest and north-northeast on the east. These same linear directions are reflected in the digital elevation model, although they are less abundant, perhaps due to the particular sun angle used in this model. Linears based on Magnetics Both the total field and 1VD magnetic data were used at the property scale to help better define local trends (Figures 14 and 15). The total magnetic field at Xama is dominated by an irregular magnetic low on the north side of the property. In terms of exploration interest, two north-south linears and an east-northeast linear are associated with embayments on the south side of the mag low. Mapping suggests that the magnetic low is underlain mainly by Nithi phase quartz monzonite to monzogranite of the Endako Batholith, while the Property is underlain by Limit Lake Phase quartz diorite and Kasalka Group andesites (see Figures 3, 16). It is possible that these linears, and the weak magnetic lows extending south into the area of the Property, are due to the destruction of magnetite by hydrothermal solutions focused along structures reflected by these linears. Both the Owl Zone and the Gel Zone lie along two of these linears, within the western magnetic embayment.
Figure 14 - Property scale linears based on total field magnetics. Page 23 Xama Property Assessment Report
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Although the linear pattern from the first vertical derivative magnetics shows a more complex pattern than the total field magnetics, the patterns are similar. The key directions are northeast and north-south.
All linears from the property scale datasets were compiled and superimposed onto the geology base (Figure 16). The heavy dashed lines represent three or more coincident linears from different data sets, while the thin dashed lines are single or double linears. According to BCGS MapPlace geology, mineralization at the Owl and Gel Zones is within Endako Batholith intrusives adjacent to its northwest trending fault contact with Kasalka Group volcanics to the west. Actual Property geology is poorly known due to lack of exposure. The most important mineralization appears to be associated with the Casey quartz monzonite and related Red Granite dikes (Bysouth, 2011), the same rocks that host the Endako porphyry deposit. As can be seen in the central part of Figure 16, many of the property scale linears are sub- parallel to, but not exactly coincident with, mapped faults and contacts from the BCGS MapPlace geology map. In many cases, they are probably reflecting the same features, but in others, they are clearly distinct. According to Lowe et al, (2001), most of these, especially NE and NW structures, would be post-mineral. A key structure is the northeast trending linear just south of the Property that is mapped as a fault and is a strong topographic lineament. It is also reflected in the magnetics, but less
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strongly. There are other parallel northeast linears, as well as steeper north-northeast linears that could be related to this structure. The northwest to north-northwesterly linears are also important and are also reflected in a number of mapped structures and contacts (Figure 16). Not reflected in the mapped geology are the north-south linears that appear to be important and potentially related to the known mineralization, as reflected mainly in the magnetics as lows (magnetite destruction due to hydrothermal fluids?) and, more regionally, Bouger gravity trends. The most important of these cuts directly through the Gel Zone.
thicken with the number of linears superimposed on top of each other; 3 or more are thicker than 2 or less). T ARGETS FROM THE S TRUCTURAL S TUDY The target deposit type at Xama is a porphyry Mo (Cu) deposit, similar to Endako or, secondarily, a bulk tonnage Au-Ag deposit, such as Blackwater Davidson. Both deposit types would be expected to be related to high level intrusive activity and demonstrate structural control. The key exploration target suggested by this study is defined by the known mineralization, the Owl and Gel Zones, the magnetic low embayment in the area of these showings that could be a reflection of magnetite destruction by mineralizing fluids and linears, likely structures, that are reflected in the magnetic data and may control the emplacement of intrusions and related hydrothermal activity.
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Figure 17 - Compilation of property scale linears with target location (red circle).
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The Xama property holds potential for the discovery of a porphyry molybdenum deposit similar to Endako, 21 km to the northwest. Anomalous molybdenum values in stream sediments and soils resulted in the discovery of porphyry style molybdenum mineralization at the Gel and Owl showing areas by Amax and Anaconda in the late 1960’s. The Property lies within eastern edge of the Stikine Terrane, near its boundary with the Cache Creek Terrane and immediately south of the Skeena Arch. The Endako Batholith is the key geologic feature of the area, underlying much of the claim group and extending for almost 100 km in a northwestern direction, with a width of up to 40 km. It is a composite batholith that comprises five temporally distinct plutonic suites, only one of which is known to be mineralized. The Property is underlain by plutonic rocks of the Upper Jurassic Francois Lake Suite of the Endako Batholith. A few outcrops of Casey quartz monzonite, belonging to the Endako Suite, the same suite that hosts the Endako deposit, occur in the southern and central parts of the Property and quartz diorite is well exposed along the high ridge south of the claims. Two areas of molybdenite mineralization have been defined on the Property. The largest of these is the Gel Zone which lies in the southeast part of the Property east of Skip Creek. It has been defined by a line of eight percussion drill holes. The second area, the Owl Zone, lies in the southwest quadrant west of Skip Creek. It has been defined by three percussion holes drilled near two areas of surface quartz-molybdenite mineralization. Depth continuation of molybdenite mineralization was confirmed in both areas. In this study, topographic features and airborne geophysical patterns, viewed as overlays on the BC government MapPlace web site at 1:1,500,000 (regional) and 1:100,000 (local) scales have been used to define linear features. It is assumed that, in many cases, these features represent zones of crustal weakness, likely faults and fractures. On the regional, 1,500,000 scale northeasterly linears, roughly parallel with the Skeena Arch, dominate, along with a significant north-south linear corresponds with the Fraser River valley, through Prince George and Quesnel and the strong east-west linear cuts through Prince George and Vanderhoof, just to the south of Endako and just north of the Property. Of particular interest is a swarm of north-south linears through the central portion of the study area. The Xama property is located near the intersection of the important east-west linear, a strong northeast trending linear and a weaker north-northeast linear. Patterns observed in the Bouger gravity map suggest that many of the deposits may occur within specific, fault-bounded blocks rather than along specific linears. At this scale of examination, it may be equally important for a target to be proximal to a linear as to be directly on it. At the Property scale (1:100,000), many of the linears are sub-parallel to, but not exactly coincident with, mapped faults and contacts from the BCGS MapPlace geology map. In many cases, they are probably reflecting the same features, but in others, they are clearly distinct. According to Lowe et al, (2001), most of these, especially NE and NW structures, would be post-mineral. Not reflected in the mapped geology are the north-south linears that appear to be important and potentially related to the known mineralization, as reflected mainly in the magnetics as lows, possibly resulting from magnetite destruction due to hydrothermal fluids and, more regionally, the gravity. The most important of these cuts directly through the Gel Zone. Page 27 Xama Property Assessment Report
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The target deposit type at Xama is a porphyry Mo (Cu) deposit (Endako) or, secondarily, a bulk tonnage Au-Ag deposit (Blackwater). Both deposit types would be expected to be related to high level intrusive activity and demonstrate structural control. The key exploration target suggested by this study is defined by the known mineralization, the Owl and Gel Zones, the magnetic low embayment in the area of these showings that could be a reflection of magnetite destruction by mineralizing fluids and linears, likely structures, that are reflected in the magnetic data and may control the emplacement of intrusions and related hydrothermal activity. RECOMMENDATIONS A Phase I, 2,000 m drill program, budgeted at $750,000, targeted utilizing the results of this study in combination with existing geological mapping, surface geochemical sampling, IP surveys and percussion drill results, is recommended to test the Owl and Gel zones at depth. Holes should be drilled to minimum 250 to 300 m depth.
G. Carlson Structural study 3.0 days @ $1,200.00 /day $3,600.00
Report compilation 1.5 days @ $1,200.00 /day $1,800.00
$5,400.00
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REFERENCES Anderson, R.G., L'Heureux, R., Wetherup, S., and Letwin, J.M., 1997: Geology of the Hallet Lake map area, central British Columbia. Current Research 1997-A; Geological Survey of Canada. Billingsley, P.R., and Locke, A., 1941, Structure of ore deposits in the continental framework: Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, v. 144, p. 9–64. Bright, Edward Gordon, 1967, Geology of the Topley Intrusives in the Endako area, British Columbia: M.Sc. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Brown, D.L. and Macrae, R., 1966, Geochemical survey of the Owl claim group. B.C. Assessment Report No. 01002; for Anaconda American Brass Ltd. Bysouth, G.D., 1996, Self-potential geophysical survey report on the Hen claim group. B.C. Assessment Report No. 24798, for G.W. Kurz. Bysouth, G.D., 2006. Geochemical survey report on the Skip claim group. B.C. Assessment Report, for G.W. Kurz. Bysouth, G.D., 2008. Percussion drilling report on the Skip mineral property. B.C. Assessment Report 29601, for G.W. Kurz. Bysouth, G.D., 2011. Geological and geochemical report on the Skip property. B.C. Assessment Report 32400, for G.W. Kurz and G.D. Bysouth. Bysouth, G.D., 1012. Geochemical report on the Skip property. B.C. Assessment Report 33221, for G.W. Kurz and G.D. Bysouth. Carr, J.M., 1966. Geology of the Endako area, B.C. B.C. Minister of Mines and Petroleum Resources, Annual Report 1965, p. 114-135. Chaplin, R.E., 1969. Geophysical assessment report, Count mineral claims. BC Assessment Report No. 02368, for Mercury Explorations Ltd. Chapman, John A., 1991, Mineral exploration report: Geological, geochemical, geophysical prospecting, Nithi River project. BC Assessment Report No. 21587, for Escondido Resource Corporation. Chapman, John A., 1991, Mineral exploration report: Geological, geochemical, geophysical prospecting, Ven #1 mineral claim. BC Assessment Report No. 22061, for Escondido Resource Corporation. Diakow, L.J., and Webster, I.C.L., Richards, T.A. and Tipper, H.W., 1997, Geology of the Fawnie and Nechako Ranges, southern Nechako Plateau, central British Columbia. NTS: 93F/2,3,6,7. British Columbia Dept. of Mines, Geological Survey Branch, Paper 1997-2, pp 7-30. Page 30 Xama Property Assessment Report
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Ernst, Richard E. and Jowitt, Simon M., 2013, Large igneous provinces and metallogeny: Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication 17, pp. 17-51. Hirst, P.E., 1968, Geochemical report on the Owl claim group. B.C. Assessment Report No. 01216, for Anaconda American Brass Ltd. Hirst, P.E., 1969, Geophysical report on an Induced Polarization survey, Owl claim group. B.C. Assessment Report No. 01689, for Anaconda American Brass Ltd. Kutina, Jan, and Hildenbrand, T.G., 1987, Ore deposits of the western U.S.: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, p. 30–41. Lane, R.A. and Schroeter, T.G., 1997, A review of metallic mineralization in the Interior Plateau, central British Columbia (Parts of 93B, C and F); in Interior Plateau Geoscience Project: Summary of Geological, Geochemical and Geophysical Studies, L.J. Diakow and J.M. Newell (ed.); British Columbia Geological Survey Branch Open File 1996-2 and Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 3448, p. 237- 256. Lowe, Carmel, Enkin, Randolph J., and Struik, Lambertus C., 2001, Tertiary extension in the central British Columbia Intermontane Belt: magnetic and paleomagnetic evidence from the Endako region. CJES, v. 38, p. 657-678. Lowell, J.D., 1974, Regional characteristics of porphyry copper deposits in the southwest: Econ. Geol., v. 69, p. 601–617. Macrae, R., and Conto, T.A., 1969, A geophysical report on an Induced Polarization survey, Owl claim group. B.C. Assessment Report No. 02455, for Anaconda American Brass Ltd. Selby, David, Nesbitt, Bruce E., Muehlenbachs, Karlis, and Prochaska, Walter, 2000, Hydrothermal alteration and fluid chemistry of the Endako porphyry molybdenum deposit, British Columbia. Econ. Geol., v. 95, p. 183-202. Shepard, N., and Barker, G.A., 1967, Geochemical report on the Counts Lake property. BC Assessment Report No. 1108, for Amax Exploration Inc. Simpson, J.G., 1970, “I” project geochemical survey. BC Assessment Report No. 02668, for Taurus Exploration Corporation. Sutherland, M.A., and Hallof, P.G., 1967. Report on the Induced Polarization and Resistivity survey, Counts Lake property. BC Assessment Report No. 1107, for Amax Exploration Inc. Villeneuve, Mike, Whalen, Joseph B., Anderson, Robert G. and Struik, Lambertus C., 2001, The Endako Batholith: Episodic plutonism culminating in formation of the Endako porphyry molybdenum deposit, north-central British Columbia. Econ. Geol., v. 96, p. 171-196. Whalen, Joseph B., Anderson, Robert G., Struik, Lambertus C. and Villeneuve, Michael E., 2001, Geochemistry and Nd isotopes of the Francois Lake plutonic suite, Endako Batholith: Host and progenitor tom the Endako molybdenum camp, central British Columbia. CJES, v. 38, p. 603-618. Document Outline
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