«scientific progress» Scientific Journal issn: 2181-1601 ///// \\\\\ Volume: 1, issue: 6

LITERATURE REVIYEW

It is laid down by Brown and Yule (1983), any spoken language possesses both interactional (to build and maintain relationships) and transactional (normally conveying a message to get things done) functions. In the former case, the speaker wants to establish social relationships. Hence, it is mainly listener-oriented. When the latter function is dominant, the speaker aims at the transference of information. Therefore, it is message-oriented. Since listening comprehension occurs in interactive situations, this means not only understanding the oral message but understanding it in the context is also important. This interactive and transactional modes of listening have been adopted by quite a number of researchers (e.g., Galvin, 1985; Rost, 1990; Richards, 1990; Vandergrift, 1992, 1997, 2002). Galvin was one of the pioneers to expend the term interactional listening. Richards (1990) wrote about the difference between interactional and transactional functions and purposes in comprehending language in a thorough manner.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this paper, a document analysis research method is employed as a part of study. Document analysis research is a method where a researcher can use an abundant number of texts to conduct a thorough analysis and come to a conclusion. Bowen (2009) suggests that a wide range of documents is better although the issue of the quality of the document should dominate over the quantity. It is an effective and efficient way of collecting data since such documents are easy to use and practical to identify various scholars’ authentic ideas. They provide a very accessible and reliable source of data. Furthermore, documents are stable, "non-reactive" data sources in that they can be read and reviewed several times and remain unaltered by the researcher's influence or research process (Bowen, 2009, p. 31). As with other analytical methods in qualitative research, document analysis requires that data be examined and interpreted in order to elicit meaning, gain understanding, and develop empirical knowledge (Corbin & Strauss, 2008, as cited in Harmer, 2007).
In this study, I looked through quite a few documents connected the title and analyzed them to examine integrated language teaching principle with particular focus on listening comprehension.