Son Rofat kitab 3 m pdf

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НАУЧНАЯ 

ДИСКУССИЯ: 

ИННОВАЦИИ В 

СОВРЕМЕННОМ 

МИРЕ. СБОРНИК 

ТРУДОВ XI 

МЕЖДУНАРОДН

ОЙ ЗАОЧНОЙ 

НАУЧНО-

ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ 

КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ. 

МОСКВА: ИЗД. 

«МЕЖДУ 

НАРОДНЫЙ 

ЦЕНТР НАУКИ И 

ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ», 

2013  

 

 

 

 

 

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Azərbaycan Respublikasında gömrük sisteminin inkişafı (1991-2014) 

 

417

 

Rofat Guliev Ali oglu 

 

Some questions on the realization of empire-wide trade and cus-

toms interests of Soviet Russia and the USSR in Azerbaijan  

(20s of the XX century) 

 

In the 20s of the XX century, Soviet Russia was consistently imple-

menting the restoration of the former imperial interests in the South Cauca-

sus, including in Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. The strategic inter-

ests of the neighboring country can be divided into four blocks: first, eco-

nomic interests, measures both on foreign trade and customs control can be 

included here; secondly, interests related to the political recognition of So-

viet Russia; thirdly, interests connected with the fulfillment of military-

strategic tasks, and fourthly, the ideological interests. In 1920-1922 years 

Russia strove to ensure legally its interests on each of the four blocks. 

It should be noted that Russia's national interests’ strategy in the South 

Caucasus was based on economic interests. Sell of Russian industrial and 

agricultural products in the markets of the Eastern countries, purchase and 

import of foreign machinery and equipment of the West, which could lead 

to industrialization, was a necessity of life. In the first block, first of all, 

Russia needed Azerbaijan as the fuel supplier, market for selling Russian 

goods and as a junction of maritime transport for the establishment of trade 

relations with the coastal countries of the Caspian Sea. In the core of subor-

dination of Azerbaijan's foreign trade customs service activities directly un-

der the management of Moscow were namely these interests. Russia needed 

Azerbaijan as an exporter of raw materials (especially oil), base for sales of 

Russian goods and as an important transport hub. Decision, on the restora-

tion of the cotton culture in Turkistan and Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Re-

public, made by the RSFSR PCS on November 2, 1920, served to this pur-

pose. 

If to take into account that cargoes referring to the trade operations 

with Iran which was the main trading partner of the USSR in the foreign 

trade turnover with the countries of the East, and that the transit goods im-

ported from countries of Western Europe were passing through the 1

st

 de-

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Gömrük işi Azərbaycan dövlətçiliyi tarixində: 

 

418

gree of Baku and Julfa, 2

nd

 grade Astara and Lankaran, the 3

rd

 grade Bilasu-

var custom-houses, then the place and role of Azerbaijan in provision of 

Russia and the USSR’s economic and trade interests in the 1920s is seen 

more vividly. 

In her doctoral thesis “The legal insurance of the national state inte-

rests of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union in Central Asia and the Cauca-

sus region in 1917-1929s: historical and legal research”, the contemporary 

Russian researcher Irina Borisova comes to the conclusion that Soviet Rus-

sia, in its attitude to Azerbaijan most of all preferred the economic interests 

(in fact - claims – R.G.) The author's thoughts about the Soviet Russia's atti-

tude to other Caucasian republics in provision of its geopolitical interests 

can be agreed with: the researcher rightly shows that, on the one hand, So-

viet Russia's interest to Georgia was for its military-strategic objectives, on 

the other hand, in order to reach the carbohydrate reserves and sea ports of 

Azerbaijan, Russia preferred to benefit from the territory of Georgia as a 

transit path. I.Borisova notes that compared with other Caucasian republics, 

Armenia attracted much less attention of Russia both in the trade-economic 

and military-strategic and diplomatic perspective [1]. 

It is known that the legal insurance of Russia’s interests in the Soviet 

Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan began with the agreement and treaty, cov-

ering a variety of issues, signed on September 30, 1920. Under the terms of 

the agreement, within a short period both countries had to incorporate mili-

tary organizations, the national economy and foreign trade, equipment rail-

way and waterway transportation, postal, telegraph and financial authorities 

(including customs).  

In parallel, at the same time, agreement covering five areas, including 

the one covering foreign trade issues was signed between the RSFSR and 

Azerbaijan SSR. The authority for management of trade transactions with 

Iran, Turkey and the Caucasian republics was submitted to the Foreign 

Trade Commissariat of Soviet Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan. Thus, 

namely with these documents were established the legal ensuring of the na-

tional interests of Soviet Russia in Azerbaijan.  

Since the establishment of Azerbaijan SSR Russia had maintained 

control over the authorities comprising an important wing of the statehood, 

including financial and trade institutions, customs service as well. On April 

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