Zaza anCabaZe evropuli saqarTvelo
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151 omis gmiri, 1838 wels gagzavnes kav kasiaSi agresiuli moqme de
bebis instruqciiT. ge ne ral ma pulom Pullo, warmo SobiT berZenma, SturmiT ai
Ro aulebi arguani da axul
go Arguani and Akhulgo 1839 wels, sadac Samils alya Semoar tyes. winaaRmdegoba iyo sastiki da uimedo. de debi TavianT Svilebs qve biT klavdnen da Tavad uvar dne
bodnen xiStebs. 3 000 rusi jariskaci iyo mokluli 4 kviriani alyis da saboloo Setevis dros, magram rusebis rezervebi usasrulo iyo. dabolos, ingliselebisa da polonelebis mier aSenebuli axulgoc aiRes. maiori martenofi Marteenof, romelmac 2 weliwadSi (1841 w.) mokla duelSi poeti lermontovi, monawileobas iRebda am SturmSi. rusuli triumfi droebiTi aRmoCnda. Samili saswaulebrivad gauCinarda, xolo momaval 1840 wels Samilma sisxliani damarcxeba miayena ruseTs da mTlianad daipyro daRestani, yvela rusuli garnizori darbeuli iyo, xolo miuridizmma izeima vladikavkazidan kaspiamde. evropidan nacionalur-gamanTavisuflebeli moZraobis wevrebis monawileoba kavkasiis saqmeebSi 1830 wlis poloneTis ajanyebis daundobeli CaxSobis Semdeg poloneTis, evropis da britaneli TavisuflebisTvis mebrZoli adamia nebis yuradRebam kavkasiisken gadainacvla. 4000 poloneli gadasaxlda amierkavkasiaSi rogorc administratorebi, eqimebi, inJinrebi, ramac daaCqara saqarTvelos ganviTareba (zdaneviCebi, volskiebi, sxv.). kavkasia im droisTvis iyo Turqebis, Samilis, kavkasieli qristianebis (qarTvelebi, somxebi), Cr. kavkasieli muslimebis, rusebis, ingliselebis, frangebis, sparselebis da sxvaTa interesebis kakafonia. 1842 wels artur konolim Arthur Conolly, britaneli dazvervis oficerma kavkasiasa da centralur aziaSi ganviTarebuli situacia aRwera `didi TamaSis~ `the Great Game~ koncefciaSi. jon bredli Tavis wignSi `rusebis mier kavkasiis dapyroba~ (1908 weli) `The Russian Conquest of the Caucasus~ (1908), John F. Baddeley, dawera, rom `yovelgvari gare mxardaWerisa da artileriis gareSe... Tumca uneblied isini (daRestnelebi, CeCnebi) idgnen indoeTSi britaneTis dasacavad~. ser henri revlinsoni Sir Henry Rawlinson aRniSnavda: `ase rom, sanam mTielebi uwevdnen winaaRmdegobas, isini qmnidnen efeqtian bariers Semdgomi dapyrobebisaTvis. rodesac erTxel isini ganadgurdebian, ar arsebobs araviTari samxedro an fizikuri barieri, rac gaaCerebda rusebis laSqrobas araqsidan indoeTamde~. Sesabamisad, mTielebis brZolam miipy sam
saxu rebis yu radReba. axalgazrda Sotlan die li mebrZoli daviT urk varti 152 David Urquhart, Cerqezebis megobari, sada zvervo misiiT gaigzavna Tur qeTsa da kavkasiaSi, sadac is ekon taqteboda polonel oficrebs. man daamyara kavSiri Cerqez uflis wulTan 183335 wwSi. ruseTis kont rdazverva am inglisel jaSuSebs kon s tan tinopolidan daedevna. urkvartma londons acnoba, rom asobiT Cerqezi mzad iyo gaelaS q raT moskovze. is 1843 wels werda paTetikur werilebs mcire raodenobis mTieli xalxis gmiruli brZolis Sesaxeb despoturi reJimis winaaRmdeg da kavkasiaSi britaneTis interesebis dacvis mniSvnelobaze. man piradad daabraldebula lordi palmerstoni, Lord Palmerston, sagareo saqmeTa ministri, mogvianebiT ki britaneTis premierministri, warmoSobiT irlandieli, RalatSi da rusuli fuliT mosyidvis gamo. bevri sxva parlamentari mas uWerda mxars. TviTon palmerstoni am politikas amarTlebda imiT, rom indoeTis dacvis mizniT, mxolod erTian TurqeTs SeeZlo ar daeSva rusebi bosforze da frangebi nilosze. Sesabamisad, kavkasiis garda, is yvelgan aqtiur antirusul politikas atarebda. karl marqsic ki werda engelsisTvis miweril werilSi im skandaluri situaciis Sesaxeb, rodesac palmerstoni eWvmitanili iyo Ralatsa da rusebisgan qrTamis aRebaSi. urkvartis mier agorebulma skandalma ruseTi gaaRiziana, rusma mefem britanel elCTan Sexvedris dros Tqva, rom `rodesac is revolucioneri aucileblad CauvardebodaT maT xelSi, mas sufTad da martivad moklavdnen~. ase rom, poloniumis lugovois SemTxvevas didi istoria aqvs. mTielebi imdenad gulubryviloni iyvnen, rom gaafrTxiles rusi generlebi, rom uCivlebdnen `inglisel mefesTan~ da is `daicavda~ maT. rusi mefe Tavis deklaraciebSi xSirad afrTxilebda mTielebs, rom danebebuliyvnen da ar esminaT `ucxoelebisTvis~, aSkaraa, rom britaneli oficrebi igulisxmeboda. Cerqezebis samxedro mrCevlebi iyvnen poloneli oficrebi Teofile lafinskis meTaurobiT Theophile Lapinski. ingliselebs sWirdebodaT raime dasayrdeni Savi zRvis CrdiloeT kavkasiis sanapiroze, raTa organizeba gaewiaT meamboxeebis srulmasSta biani momaragebisTvis. 1840 wels mTielebma ganaxorcieles Savi zRvis sanapiros Sturmi rusebisTvis katastrofuli SedegebiT. rusebma dakarges bolo wlebis manZilze mopovebuli yvela pozicia. sabrZolo daviT urkvartis mier Seqmnili Cerqezuli winaaRmdegobis droSa, dRemde ruseTis adiReis respublikis oficialuri droSa
153 masaliTa da iaraRiT savse fregatebi gadmotvirTuli iyo CerqezTa sanapiroebze. kuriozia, rom CerqezebisTvis yvelaze metad auxsneli faqti iyo, rom britanul warmoebas ar SeeZlo daemzadebinaT Sarvlebi, romelTac Cerqezi mamakacebi gamoiyenebdnen. magram es gamarjveba Zalzed mcirexniani aRmoCnda. 1837 wlis Semdeg, CerqezTa megobris, britaneli mefis uiliam IVs William sikvdilis Semdeg CerqezTa mxardaWera Semcirda. miuxedavad amisa, 1839 wels britanelebma marTlac gadaarCines kav
kasia Zalzed saSineli fataluri tragediisagan, rodesac amave wels fanatikosi albanelebis, egviptis muhamed ali faSas Muhammad Ali, mamluqebis mkvlelTa jari SeiWra aziur TurqeTSi samxreTidan, gadakveTa taurusis mTebi, daamarcxa Turqebi da samxreT kavkasiamde miaRwia. 1833 wels ruseTma ukve gagzavna jarebi konstantinopolSi, raTa Tavidan aecilebinaT imave faSas mier osmali sulTnis taxtidan Camogdeba. amJamad yvelaferi gacilebiT rTulad iyo. faSa daRestans daemuqra: `axla me Cemi armia mivmarTe ruseTis winaaRmdeg. gpirdebiT, rom male gamogigzavniT Cemi Zalebis nawils. vinc ar daemorCileba Cems brZanebebs, Tavs movkveTav, rogorc yvela urwmunos~. am fanatikosi egviptelis SeCereba kavkasiaSi uzarmazar msxverpls moiTxovda. sabed nierod, ingliselebis swrafma moqmedebebma siriis napirebze, egvipturi jaris zurgSi, Tavidan aacila kavkasiel qristian mosaxleobas saSineli brZola da xocva. 18412 wwSi aTasobiT daRupuli rusis xarjze generalma golovinma da fesem garkveulad aRadgines dakarguli poziciebi, magram 1843 wels Samilma kvlav Seutia da aTasobiT rusi jariskaci da oficeri iqna mokluli. amave dros, Samilma neba darTo leitenant anosovs, meTaurs, SeenarCunebina misi xmali, simamacisadmi pativiscemis niSnad. marTlac, es weli ruseTisTvis katastrofiuli iyo. erTaderTi damarcxeba Samilma saqarTveloSi, xevsureTSi igema, rodesac xevsuruli cixesimagre Satili Shatil mamacurad daicves da mesame dRes, rodesac Samilis saukeTeso oficeri sasikvdilod daWres, miuridebi gaecalnen or tyvesTan erTad, romelnic lideris saflavze msxverplad Seswires. xevsurebi ruseTis mTavrobam daajildova wm. giorgis jvriT, medlebiT, xorbliT, TofiswamaliTa da tyviiT. nabrZanebi iyo, aulisTvis sqeli kedeli SemoertyaT, romelzec specia luri warwera iqneboda. TuSi meomrebi, qarTuli warmoSobis qristianebi, cnobilni iyvnen miuridebTan brZoliT. Tavisi Zveli CveulebiT, isini aWridnen mters marjvena xels. saxelganTqmul TuS mebrZols, Sates Shate, aranakleb 70 aseTi monapovari hqonda kedelze miWedebuli. Yüklə 4,48 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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