140
Tavis provinciebs gamdidrebuliyvnen, Tundac amis gamo mteri
gamdidrebuliyo.
xorcieldeboda mxolod adgilobrivi agraruli proeqtebi. saf
rangeTis konsuls, Sevalier de gambas Chevalier de Gamba, mieniWa koncesia
imereTis tyis resursebze da bambis plantaciebis moSenebaze. man
gamosca wigni: `mogzauroba samxreT ruseTsa da kavkasiaSi 182024 wwSi~
`Travel in South Russia and Caucasus in 182024~ mdidruli ilustraciebiT.
mTlianad ruseTSi protestanti germanelebis Casaxlebis politikis
farglebSi 1818 wels 500 glexis ojaxi gadmosaxlda vuterbergidan
saqarTveloSi. kaxeTSi viTardeboda abreSumisa da Rvinis warmoeba,
riTic es provincia yovelTvis saxelganTqmuli iyo.
araswori iqneba, rom vifiqroT, TiTqos ruseTi saqarTvelos
kolonizaciiT finansur sargebels naxulobda. 1825 wels misi
mTliani Semosavali qveynidan Seadgenda 580 000 rubls, rac ver
dafaravda adgilobrivi rusuli garnizonebisa da administraciis
xarjebs. saqarTvelos okupacia ruseTis biujetis mniSvnelovan
xarjs warmoadgenda. 1811 wels, magaliTad, 1 milioni vercxlis rubli
daixarja jarsa da momsaxure personalze. magram mainc, qveynis
strategiuli Rirebulebis gadaWarbeba SeuZlebeli iyo.
CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi kvlav mZime mdgomareoba iyo. kavkasia iyo
hidrasaviT mravalTaviani, xolo ermolovi aSkarad ar iyo herkulesi.
CeCnebi sasowarkveTilebaSi Cavardnen, rodesac dainaxes ermolovis
sisastike da 1824 wels saboloo sayovelTao aSkara ajanyeba wamoiwyes.
amboxebulma daxoces, vinc rusebTan TanamSromlobda da uaxloesi
rusuli cixesimagreebi daarbies, mokles ori generali – grekovi da
lisanieviCi Grekoff and Lissanievitch.
grozno 1818 wels aSenda da 6 wlis Semdeg brZolebis epicentri
gaxda. ermolovi sastikad daemuqra, rom `daangrevda aulebs,
CamoaxCobda mZevlebs da amoxocavda bavSvsa Tu qals~. imperatori
Zalzed SeSfoTebuli iyo viTarebiT CeCneTSi da 1825 wlis agvistoSi
ermolovs werda, rom kavkasiaSi 60 000 SeiaraRebuli jariskaci iyo, da
imedovnebda, rom es sakmarisi iqneboda wesrigis aRsadgenad. wesrigi
CeCneTSi samagaliTo sisastikiT aRdga. generalma dvidovma Dvueedoff
Seipyro bevri CeCeni qali da erT rublad yidda maT.
magram 1825 wlis dekemberSi ermolovis kariera da bedi fatalurad
Setrialda. mefe aleqsandre I moulodnelad gardaicvala 1825 wels
taganrogSi (wyaroebi aRniSnaven, rom sinamdvileSi is berad aRikveca
da cimbirSi cxovrobda asketurad). daiwyo Sida intrigebi, Tu vin
iqneboda Semdegi mefe – didi mTavari konstantine, poloneTis
liberaluri mmarTveli, Tu reqcioneri nikolozi.
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im periodSi, 181214 ww. omis Semdeg evropidan dabrunebul ar
miaSi, romelmac dainaxa civilizebuli qveynebis cxovrebis wesi, rus
oficrebSi gavrcelda liberalizmi. daiwyo umarTavi procesebi.
qveyanaSi reformebi iyo saWiro, konstitucias unda SeezRuda abso
lutizmis despotizmi. 1821 wlidan rusul armiaSi aikrZala yvela
saidumlo organizacia da masonuri loJebi, magram gvian iyo. 1825 wlis
26 dekembers, rodesac mimdinareobda imperator nikoloz IsTvis ficis
dadeba, 2000 gvardieli jariskaci peterburgSi senatis SenobasTan
yviroda `konstantine da konstitucia~ `Constantine and Constitution~
(jaris kacebs egonaT, rom `konstitucia~ niSnavda konstantines colis
saxels). peterburgis samxedro mmarTveli mokluli iyo. am ajanyebis
da
marcxebis erTerTi ZiriTadi mizezi, garda saerTo masebis
gaunaTleblobisa, iyo is, rom revoluciis momavali `diqtatori~,
Tava di trubeckoi Prince Trubetskoy, frimasoni
1
, sami saTnoebis loJis
Lodge of the Three Virtues wevri, CrdiloeT sazogadoebis Northern Society
erTerTi damaarsebeli da lideri, qarTveli Tavadis, aleqsandre
gruzinskis Alexander Gruzinsky qaliSvilis vaJi, ar gamocxadda moedanze.
igi daimala avstriaungreTis despanis saxlSi, romelic misi naTesavi
iyo da sadac igi daapatimres.
dekabristebTan kavSiris gamoZiebis Sedegad gamovlinda Zalzed
cnobili pirovnebebis saxelebi, romelTa Sorisac iyo ermolovi. garda
amisa, man Secdoma dauSva da pirvelad konstantine gamoacxada mefed.
Secdoma saswrafod gamoaswora, magram eWvebi dabada. dekabristi
kuxelbekeri Kukhelbecker Tbilad ixsenebda, rom ermolovTan bevri
1
saintereso, rom masonuri loJis erTerTi damaarsebeli cimbirSi iyo
sibirskSi dabadebuli da gazrdili qarTveli baraTaevi (baraTaSvili)
M. P. Barataev (Baratashvili), romelmac moixveWa codna evropis samxedro
kampaniis dros 18067 wlebSi. is dakavSirebuli iyo ucxoel masonebTan da
axlo urTierToba hqonda dekabristebTan. Tumca dekabristebis gegmebi
erovnuli umciresobebis mimarT Zalzed sastiki da martivi iyo: maTi
rusifikacia an ganadgureba. 1825 wels baraTaSvili daapatimres, magram 3
kviraSi gaaTavisufles. 1844 wels igi saqarTveloSi msaxurobda da gamosca
Zalzed saintereso publikacia: `numizmatikuri faqtebi saqarTvelos
samefos Sesaxeb~ `Numismatic facts of Georgian Kingdom~. es iseTi mniSvnelovani
naSromi aRmoCnda, rom igi airCies safrangeTis mecnierebaTa akademiis
wevrad French Academy of Science. gasakviria, magram aseTi aRiareba ruseTis
imperiul akademiaSi arc erTs ar miuRwevia. amasTanave igi gaxda berlinisa
da kopenhagenis akademiebis wevri. man miiRo prusiis, holandiisa da sxva
monarqebisgan oqros medali. ruseTSi igi airCies ara marto akademiis,
aramed samxatvro akademiis wevradac. misi koleqcia inaxeboda sibirskSi
(sadac daibada da swavlobda lenini), mis patara pirad muzeumSi.