135
Golovin, Golitsine, Volzhinsky, Vorontsov, Gourko, Slieptsov, Nesterov, Vrevsky.
aseve adgilobrivi generlebi
1
umniSvnelovanes rols asrulebdnen:
ilia orbeliani, iason WavWavaZe, ivane bagrationmuxraneli, dadiani,
levan meliqovi, bebuTovi, mouravovi, malxaz andronikovi Ilia Orbeliani,
Jason Chavchavadze, Ivane BagrationiMukhraneli, Dadiani, Levan Melikov, Bebutov,
Mouraviov, Malkhaz Andronikov.
ruseTis oficialur istoriografiaSi qarTulsomxuri moxalise
SenaerTebis mniSvneloba mudmivad dakninebuli iyo
2
. magram evropul
nawilSi 250aTasianma safrangeTis armiam
ruseTis imave odenobis
armiis winaaRmdeg moskovamde mravalmilioniani qveyana TiTqmis
winaaRmdegobis gareSe marSiT gaiara (borodinoze SeCerebiT). iq
omis sxva kanonebi iyo. kavkasiaSi TiTo adamiani da TiTo goji miwa
fasobda, xolo moskovSi kutuzovma napoleons yovelgvari yoymanis
gareSe dautova 20 000 daWrili jariskaci. egvipteSi napoleoni
aRfrTovanebuli iyo mamluqebis gambedaobiT, magram ruseTSi igi
depresiaSi Cavarda da arc ki ucdia raime reformis gatareba, rasac
yvela qveyanaSi atarebda (ymebis ganTavisufleba, progresuli kanonebis
SemoReba da a. S.).
ruseTis imperatori da umaRlesi imperiuli wreebi gadamwyvet
rols aniWebdnen kavkasiis omis istoriis daweras, rac ufro
mniSvnelovnad miaCndaT, vidre aqtualuri samxedro operaciebi.
rusi istorikosis iakob gordinis Tanamedrove naSromSi `300wliani
omi. kavkasiuri atlantida~, kavkasiis omis istoriaSi moyvanilia
mxolod rusi generlebis saxelebi, Tumca wignSi `kavkasiis dapyroba
1
imperiuli politikis mixedviT, qarTveli generlebi monawi
leobdnen
evropis omebSi, mag., 12 qarTveli generali monawileobda borodinos
brZolaSi ruseTSi. aleqsandre WavWavaZe monawileobas iRebda rogorc
barkli de tolis Stabis TanaSemwe, napoleon Iis winaaRmdeg brZolis dros
safrangeTSi da daiWra parizis aRebis dros 1814 wels. igi am qalaqSi ori
wlis ganmavlobaSi darCa, rogorc ruseTis kontingentis warmomadgeneli
da monawileobda burbonebis dinastiis aRdgenaSi, vinc es daufasa sapatio
legionis Légion d’honneur ordenis mianiWebiT.
2
rusi dezertirebis problema didi xnis ganmavlobaSi mtkivneuli Tema iyo.
ermolovi mtkiced eubneboda spars ministrebs, rom ar gamoeyenebinaT
rusi dezertirebi rusebis winaaRmdeg omSi, magram uSedegod. is werda:
`SegviZlia Cven qveyana megobrulid miviCnioT, rodesac is aiaraRebs
rus dezertirebs da rusul batalions uwodebs?~ 1820 wels mazaroviCi
iuwyeba: `Cveni jariskacebi dezertiroben adre uprecedento raodenobiT~.
TviTmxilvelTa cnobiT, hamzad bekis, meore imamis, mTeli dacva rusi
dezertirebisgan Sedgeboda, rogorc es iyo TavrizSi abas mirzas
SemTxvevaSi.
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ruseTis mier~, romelic dawera TviTmxilvelma britaneTis mokavSire
oficerma bedlim, ar aris moxseniebuli rusuli saxelebi da kavkasiis
omis istoria ikiTxeba, rogorc omis istoria sadme holStainSi an
sileziaSi. omis monawilis da ara dRevandeli agitatoris wignis
wakiTxvisas aSkara xdeba, rom qarTvelebma madloba ingliselebs,
Sotlandielebs, irlandielebs, frangebs, germanelebs, italielebs,
Svedebs, polonelebs da baltielebs unda gadauxadoT. Sesabamisad,
Cven madloba protestantebs unda gadauxadoT.
rusuli kavkasiuri jari 50dan 200 aTas jariskacamde iTvleboda,
magram mTlianad kavkasiis administracia da jari Zalzed Zviri jdeboda
– 1850 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis 1/6, raSic Sedioda tradiciuli
korufciis Tanxebi da saxsrebi mowinaaRmdege meTaurebis mosasyidlad.
pirvelad kavkasiis xarjebi ruseTis biujetSi aisaxa 1777 wlidan.
aseT pirobebSi mefis armiisaTvis ioli unda yofiliyo kavkasiis
ganadgureba, magram istoriam sapirispiro daamtkica. kavkasiisa da
yirimis omebi mefe nikoloz IsTvis finansuri katastrofiT dasrulda,
ramac gamoiwvia momavali reformebi.
omi gansxvavdeboda CrdiloeT kavkasiasa da samxreTis sazRvrebze.
ermolovma gamoacxada omi sikvdilamde CrdiloeT kavkasiis muslimebis
winaaRmdeg. man daiwyo soflebis Zarcva, mosavlis gadawva, mamakacebis
da qalebis mospoba. man airCia samxedro operaciebis sadisturi
gza, ekonomikis dangreva da mosaxleobis SimSiliT amoxocva, rac
genocidis tolfasi iyo. misi veluri winaprebis msgavsad, is uxdida
fuls yvela rus jariskacs, vinc mTielis mohkveTil Tavs moutanda.
man gamoacxada: `me msurs, rom SiSma Cemi saxelis xsenebaze ufro
metad daicvas sazRvrebi, vidre cixesimagrebis jaWvma~. saSineli
goliaTi `iarmuli~ dRemde arsebobs CeCnebis legendebSi. es sisastike
ruseTis mefis ukmayofilebasac ki iwvevda. mefe aleqsandre Ima uari
Tqva ordeni mieniWebina Tavad bekoviCCerkaskisTvis, radgan yubanis
reidis dros auli mTlianad ganadgurebuli iyo bavSvebisa da qalebis
CaTvliT. `16 udanaSaulo daiRupa erTi sacxovreblis afeTqebis dros~,
werda mefe aleqsandre ermolovs, `aman Zalzed matkina guli~. razec
misi erTguli leitenanti Seepasuxa: `sxva gza ar arsebobda aramzadas
dasamarcxeblad~. rogorc kavkasiis eqsperti Carlz kingi Charles
King Tvlis: `ermolovi pasuxismgebeli iyo, gaetarebina saxelwifo
politika, rac gamocxadebuli iyo, rogorc bnel kavkasielebSi
civilizatoruli misiis ganxorcieleba, magram dRes amas Tavisuflad
SegviZlia davuZaxoT saxelmwifos mier dafinansebuli terorizmi~.
sainteresoa, rusebi arasodes agzavnidnen misionerebs muslimur
kavkasiaSi, mxolod ingliseli naxevrad misionerebi, naxevrad jaSuSebi
cdilobdnen SeemcirebinaT fanatizmi, magram amaod.