Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, Brazil 1

Acta bot. bras. 22(1): 287-299. 2008.

291

Figures 1-20. 1-4. Agaricus aff. parasilvaticus Heinem. 1. Basidioma. 2. Basidiospores. 3. Basidia. 4. Cheilocystidia. 5-8. Agaricus

purpurellus (F.H. Møller) F.H. Møller. 5. Basidioma. 6. Basidiospores. 7. Basidia. 8. Cheilocystidia. 9-12. Agaricus rufoaurantiacus

Heinem. 9. Basidioma. 10. Basidiospores. 11. Basidia. 12. Cheilocystidia. 13-16. Leucocoprinus cretaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Locq. 13. Basidioma.

14. Basidiospores. 15. Basidium. 16. Cheilocystidia. 17-21. Leucoagaricus sulphurellus (Pegler) B.P. Akers. 17. Basidiomata. 18.

Basidiospores. 19. Basidia. 20. Cheilocystidia 21. Pleurocystidia. Scaly bar is 10 mm for the basidiomata and 10 µm for microscopic

features.

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Wartchow, Putzke & Cavalcanti: Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of Atlantic forest in...

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view, dextrinoid, metachromatic, smooth, with small

germ pore, thick-walled, hyaline. Basidia 15-18×

7-10 µm, clavate, with 4 sterigmata. Pleurocystidia

30-50(-62)×8-12(-15) µ m, fusoid-mucronate, thin-

walled, hyaline. Cheilocystidia 23-37×8-12 µm, inflated-

clavate to occasionally fusoid, with sub mucronate to

mucronate apex, thin-walled, hyaline. Pileipellis as cutis,

with terminal elements (13-)15-35(-42)×5-10 µ m,

cylindrical to clavate. Hymenophoral trama regular.

Clamp-connections absent.

Habitat: solitary on soil in tropical forest.

Material examined: BRAZIL. Pernambuco:

Recife, Mata de Dois Irmãos, 4/II/2004, L. Ryvarden

& F. Wartchow s.n. (URM 78662, HCB 18237); Cabo

de Santo Agostinho, Complexo do Gurjaú (Mata do

Café), 21/VI/2004, F. Wartchow 10/2004 (URM

78677).

Distribution: Lesser Antilles (Pegler 1983), Bolivia

(Moreno-Arroyo et al. 2001), Colombia (Vasco-

Palacios et al. 2005). Brazil: São Paulo (Pegler 1997).

L. sulphurellus is reported for the first time in

Pernambuco.

Remarks: This species is characterized by the

sulphur yellow basidioma, the lamellae discolouring

when bruising, size of the spores and the presence of

pleurocystidia (Pegler 1983). Moreno-Arroyo et al.

(2001) did not report pleurocystidia in “Leucocoprinus

cf. sulphurellus” from Bolivia, which leaves open to

question their assignment to L. sulphurellus. The

presence of pleurocystidia in Leucoagaricus has also

been reported in L. viridiflavoides B.P. Akers from

North America (Akers et al. 2000), L. americanus

(Peck) Vellinga and L. barssii (Zeller) Vellinga from

Europe and North America (Vellinga 2000).

L. pleurocystidiatus Migliozzi & Testoni (2000) is

probably a synonym of L. barssii (Vellinga personal

correspondence).

5. Leucocoprinus cretaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Locq., Bull.

Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 14: 93. 1945.

Agaricus cretaceus Bull., Herbier de la France 8: tab.

374. 1788.

Fig. 13-16

Pileus 14-30 mm wide, ovoid when young then

broadly convex, umbonate in maturity, white, with

numerous floccose squamules in young basidiomata

(not abundant at maturity); margin sulcate. Lamellae

free, membranous, sub close, white. Stipe 52-78×3-

4 mm, central, fusiform bulbous 5.5-6.5 mm wide, white

or cream, with floccose squamules and pseudorrhiza

present. Annulus membranous, sub apical, white,

fragmenting in older basidiomata. Context thin, fleshy.

Basidiospores (5-)6.2-10×(4.5-)5-7 µm, on average

9.4×6 µm, Q = (1.4-)1.5-1.75(-1.91), ellipsoid in side

view, dextrinoid, metachromatic, smooth, thick-walled

with germ pore, hyaline. Basidia 13-17.5×6-7 µm, 4

sterigmata. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia, e.g.,

33×17.5 µm, inflated-clavate, with long mucro, thin-

walled, hyaline. Pileipellis with interwoven hyphae

having terminal segments 40-105(-130)×8-22(-27) µm,

clavate to cylindrical, hyaline. Hymenophoral trama

trabecular. Clamp-connections absent.

Habitat: sub gregarious in unidentified, living,

dicotyledonous tree in tropical forest.

Material examined: BRAZIL. Pernambuco:

Recife, Mata de Dois Irmãos, 4/II/2004, F. Wartchow

s.n. (URM 78667, HCB 18240 as “Leucocoprinus

cepaestipes”).

Distribution: tropics (Baker & Dale 1951; Vellinga

2004b), Europe (Josserand 1955; Candusso & Lanzoni

1990). Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul (Sobestiansky 2005).

This is the first record for Pernambuco.

Remarks: This tropical species, macroscopically

characterized by floccose white squamules on the pileus

and inflated fusiform bulbous stipe, is frequently

reported as growing on greenhouse and compost heaps

from Europe (Josserand 1955; Candusso & Lanzoni

1990 as L. cretatus).

Two phenetically close species are known:

Leucocoprinus squamulosus (Mont.) Pegler, with

exannulate and non-inflated stipe (Pegler 1983), and

L. cepistipes (J. Sowerby: Fr.) Pat., with ochraceous

to light brown squamules on pileus surface (Candusso

& Lanzoni 1990). This species was initially identified

as L. cepistipes sensu Dennis (1952).

6. Leucocoprinus fragilissimus (Ravenel) Pat., Essai

Taxon. 171. 1900.

Hiatula fragilissima Ravenel in Berkeley & Curtis,

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser II 12: 422. 1853.

Fig. 22-24

Basidiomata extremely fragile. Pileus 5-24 mm

wide, convex then plane and depressed, yellow (M&P

9D1), cracking into small squamules on white ground,

translucent, except at disc, plicate striate, sub-

deliquescent. Lamellae free, membranous, moderately

close, white. Stipe 49-91×1-2 mm, central, cylindrical,

glabrous, yellow. Context membranous except in disc.

Annulus persistent, attached to upper half of stipe,

membranous, yellow. Basidiospores 10-12.5×

7.5-8.8 µm, on average 11.3×7.8 µm, Q = 1.33-1.67,

broadly ellipsoid with short cylindrical region terminated

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