167
VOLUME 2, No. 1, 2016
Concentration, m
g/kg
Picture 1.
Average Content of Heavy Metals in the Snow Cover of Sterlitamak District
When comparing the content of heavy metals in water samples from the snow MPC of these
elements for drinking water purposes, exceedances of hygienic regulations has not been established.
Calculation of pollution factors as the relationship concentrations of metals to the respective MPC
(maximum permissible concentration), reveals the proportion of contribution of each element to
the overall pollution. It established that the greatest contribution to the contamination of drinking
water is made to the water: Cd (49,5%), Pb (20,8%), Ni (10,8%), Fe (8,7%).
According to the analysis results, the pH of the snow to selected samples site agro area ranges
from 5,87 to 7,74. The average value of a weakly acidic pH value characterized in snow samples (pH
= 6,6) reaction. The greatest deviation from pH values corresponding uncontaminated sediments
found in the first zone, the smallest in the third zone. This fact is consistent with the location of
these areas in relation to the industrial city and the predominance of northern winds during the
winter months, carrying gas and dust emissions from businesses in the direction of the first zone.
A study of soil conditionally allocated us agroindustrial district zones showed that the
content of total forms of heavy metals in all the investigated samples does not exceed hygienic
standards (Table 5).
Table 5
The Content of Total Forms of Heavy Metals in the Soils of Industrial Sites, Mg/Kg
Indicator
1
st
zone
2
nd
zone
3
rd
zone
MPC(RPC)
Background
content
Pb
11,07±0,07
11,04±0,12
10,36±0,20
32
5,42±0,07
Cd
0,23±0,01
0,22±0,01
0,19±0,01
(0,5)
0,06±0,01
Cu
23,50±0,08
21,13±0,07
21,42±0,67
(33)
16,55±0,82
Zn
46,97±0,69
43,54±0,49
41,47±1,37
(55)
36,09±1,01
Ni
58,68±0,57
59,40±1,11
62,98±2,27
(20)
30,91±1,24
Mn
490,00±4,5
521,70±8,6
457,20±22,3
1500
469,40±7,8
Cr
80,56±0,20
75,25±2,94
82,89±0,55
-
68,92±1,75
Fe
32099±233
31945±379
31494±1125
-
20982±472
168
CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL WORK
However, comparison of the content of heavy metals studied plots with background indicates
significant pollution of Cd (3,3 – 4,5 times); Ni (1,9 – 2,1 times); Pb (1,8 – 2,0 times); Fe (1,3 –
1,6 times) (Table 6). Excess than the background observed for other metals. According to the
individual elements (Pb, Cd, Cu, Mn) observed a decrease in their concentration in the soil, as we
move away from the industrial center.
Table 6
Odds Exceeding Background Concentrations
of Total Forms of Heavy Metals in the Study Area
Indicator
1
st
zone
2
nd
zone
3
rd
zone
Pb
2,04
1,93
1,79
Cd
4,50
3,33
3,33
Cu
1,35
1,33
1,32
Zn
1,23
1,29
1,18
Ni
2,10
1,92
1,94
Mn
1,15
1,00
1,02
Cr
1,08
1,08
1,08
Fe
1,52
1,60
1,31
Z
c
7,97
6,48
5,97
The average content of total forms of Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn in soil gardens 1,1 – 1,6 times higher
than the concentration of similar elements in the soil sampled from the production areas
(Table 7).
Table 7
The Content of Total Forms of Heavy Metals
in the Soils of Gardens, Mg/Kg
Indicator
1
st
zone
2
nd
zone
3
rd
zone
MPC(RPC)
Background
content
Pb
11,68±0,42
12,58±0,50
20,31±0,89
32
5,42±0,07
Cd
0,23±0,01
0,23±0,02
0,25±0,01
(0,5)
0,06±0,01
Cu
25,64±1,14
20,50±0,24
22,69±0,63
(33)
16,55±0,82
Zn
63,24±3,43
71,77±3,14
74,47±2,03
(55)
36,09±1,01
Ni
59,65±0,79
62,79±3,81
61,61±1,05
(20)
30,91±1,24
Mn
457,90±5,60
409,2±10,1
409,60±5,7
1500
469,40±7,8
Cr
130,60±3,27
98,43±2,29
106,23±0,80
-
68,92±1,75
Fe
27411±288
23131±485
22567±108
-
20982±472
When comparing the total content of heavy metals with their values exceeded the MPC
installed on the Zn and Ni in all samples of soil gardens. The excess Zn content in the soil to
1,5 RPC (roughly permissible concentration) detected in the second and third zones, Ni 3,5 to
RPC in the 2
nd
zone.
Based on the mean values of total forms of metals each zone implies that for the first zone
there is accumulation of soil Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, in the third zone has a high, in contrast to other areas,
Zn and Pb content.
On the plot of the 1
st
zone on all elements observed excess of background concentrations
(Table 8). For the second area smaller than the background marked by the concentration of Cu
and Cr; for the third zone – Zn, Cr and Fe.
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