Conus cabraloi Cossignani, 2014 Pictures

Genus:-Conasprelloides Species:-cancellatus brunneobandatus forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Guyana, Brazil
Habitat:-On mud bottoms in 20-35 m. depths
Description:-Source original description
Shell distinctly turnip-shaped, with wide broad shoulder, deeply concave sides, and narrow, tapering anterior end; shoulder sharply-angled, with well developed, keel-like carina; spire elevated, slightly scalariform; body whorl shiny, ornamented with 30-32 large, evenly-spaced spiral cords, giving shell rough appearence; aperture narrow; body whorl white, encircled with continuous, wide, light brown or tan band; brown band often encircles only midbody region, but in some specimens (such as holotype) extends from shoulder to below midbody; anterior tip of shell white; spire whorls white with scattered tan flammules; protoconch and early whorls pale orange-tan; interior of aperture white; periostracum thin, brown, velvety.
Discussion:-The author states that Conus brunneobandatus occurs with, and is most often misidentified as Conus cancellatus Hwass, 1792. This is smaller species with a more truncated, turnip-shaped body. The wide brown band of this species C. cancellatus, even in specimens with brown markings. The new species also has a much finer body whorl sculpturing than does C. cancellatus, with some specimens having virtually smooth shells devoid of coarse spiral cords.

Conus cancellatus f. finkli Petuch, 1987
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: New Carib. Moll. Faunas, p. 111. pl. 25, f. 10 & 11
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Gulf of Venezuela, off Punto Fijo, Falcon, Venezuela; 35 m
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29 x 14 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus cancellatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Conasprelloides Species:-cancellatus finkli forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Colombia, Venezuela
Habitat:-Found at depths around 35m.
Description:-Source: Original description
Shell elongated, slightly turnip- shaped in outline; spire elevated, slightly concave on sides; body whorl ornamented with 25 evenly-spaced raised cords; cords on anterior canal with fine threads in- between; spire whorls ornamented with one large spiral cord, medially placed; color pure white with only one band of widely-spaced, reddish- brown crescent-shaped flammules around mid-body; spire whorls with widely-scattered, large, reddish-brown flammules; interior of aperture white; periostracum thick, dark brown,with rows of small hairs and with rows of large tufts around shoulder.
Discussion:-
Conus finkli is an almost white shell shell. As far as is known, C. finkli is confined to the Gulf of Venezuela, in upwelling areas of cold water.
Diaz (1990) considers C. finkli a synonym of C. austini, but finkli always has flammules on the spire, pinkish early whorls, and doesn't develop axial sculpture as strongly.

Conus cancellatus f. tristensis Petuch, 1987
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in USNM Mike Filmer
Published in: New Carib. Moll. Faunas, p. 113, pl. 16, f. 9, 10 & 11
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Golfo de Triste, off Tucacas, Carabobo State, Venezuela; 35 m
Type Data: Holotype in USNM deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 37 x 24 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species or possibly a synonym (a form) of Conus cancellatus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Conasprelloides Species:-cancellatus tristensis forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Caribbean, Venezuela
Habitat:-No Data
Description:-Source Original description
Shell stocky with compressed body, wide across shoulder and tapering rapidly toward anterior end; shoulder sharply angled, slightly carinated; spire low, flattened; body whorl sculptured with 18 prominent, raised spiral cords; spiral cords pustulated; spire whorls sculptured with six incised spiral sulci; shell color pure white with small, scattered pale orange- brown flammules; spire whorls with regularly-spaced, amorphous brown flammules; early whorls pale orange; periostracum thick, with rows of erect hairs that correspond to raised, pustulated cords on body whorl.
Discussion:-Petuch states that the cords on the body whorl are pustulated, giving a rough texture to the shell Conus tristensis resembles no other living Caribbean species. This is not apparent from the type specimen which has a similar structure to C. cancellatus with the spiral ridges separated more widely.
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Conus canonicus Hwass in Bruguiere, 1792
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Neotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Living Animal: David Massemin New Caledonia

Published in: Encyc. Meth. Hist. Nat. des Vers. Vol. 1, p. 749
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Maldive Islands; restricted (C, M & W) to the Maldives, (Indian Ocean), neotype locality not mentioned
Type Data: Neotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 53 x 28 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-CONINAE
Genus:-Cylinder Species:-canonicus
Synonyms:- rubescens Bonnet, 1864; condensus Sowerby ii, 1866
Geographic Range:-E. Africa to French Polynesia; absent from Marshall Is. and Hawaii.
Habitat:-Intertidal and uppermost subtidal; on subtidal coral reef flats, in sand under coral rocks, in coral rubble with or without sand and on limestone pavement, often close to living corals.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid to solid. Last whorl conoid-cylindrical, sometimes ventricosely conical, conical, or cylindrical; outline convex at adapical fourth, slightly convex to straight and parallel-sided below, with straightly tapering sides at basal third; left side constricted above base. Shoulder angulate to rounded. Spire of low to moderate height, outline straight to slightly concave or slightly sigmoid. Larval shell of about 2.75 whorls, maximum diameter 0.8-0.9 mm. First 4-5.5 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps slightly convex to slightly concave, with 0-1 increasing to 9-10 weak spiral grooves or more spiral striae. Last whorl with weak spiral ribs basally, sometimes extending beyond centre.
Ground colour white, often suffused with pink or blue. Last whorl with yellowish brown spots and flecks and with a network of fine brown lines edging tiny to moderately large, round to tentlike ground colour markings. Similarly sized tents may be arranged in groups. Yellowish brown spots and flecks interspersed with broad dark brown axial lines, sometimes also with spiral lines, usually forming 2 interrupted spiral bands, within basal third and just above centre. Larval whorls pale pink. Early postnuclear sutural ramps pale pink. First 2-4 ramps immaculate, following ramps matching last whorl in colour pattern. Aperture pink, sometimes suffused with orange or violet.
Shell Morphometry
L 35-70 mm
RW 0.17-0.44 g/mm
(L 35-60 mm)
RD 0.53-0.64
PMD 0.74-0.86
RSH 0.06-0.22
Discussion:-C. canonicus is similar to C. abbas, C. textile, C. legatus and C. aureus;
C. canonicus has often been referred erroneously to as C. tigrinus, a synonym of C. textile.
C. condensus, is an elongate specimen of C. canonicus.
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Conus capitanellus Fulton, 1938
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NHMUK Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio

Published in: Proc. Mal. Soc. Lond. xxiii, part 1, p. 55, pl. 3, f. 1. & 1 a
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Kii, Japan
Type Data: Holotype in NHMUK deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 36 x 20 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Stellaconus Species:-capitanellus
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Japan to Philippines and in New Caledonia.
Habitat:-Found at depths of 80-500 m
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately small to medium-sized, moderately solid. Last whorl conical or ventricosely conical, sometimes broadly conical; outline variably convex at adapical third to two-thirds, straight below. Shoulder angulate, rarely outwardly curved. Spire usually low, outline concave to almost straight. Larval shell of 3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter 0.9-1 mm. First 1-2.5 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat or weakly concave, with 1-3 increasing to 5-6 spiral grooves. Last whorl with a few weak spiral ribs or ribs and ribbons at base.
Ground colour white, occasionally tinged with yellow to tan in places. Last whorl with a broad brown spiral band on each side of centre and brown axial streaks from base to shoulder ramp. Larval whorls yellow to white. Teleoconch sutural ramps with brown radial streaks. Aperture white, slightly translucent except in large adults.
Shell Morphometry
L 25-40 mm
RW 0.13-0.19 g/mm
RD 0.60-0.71
PMD 0.81-0.94
RSH 0.07-0.13
Some rare specimens weakly granulose;
Discussion:-C. capitanellus is similar to C. capitaneus and C. plinthis; these species attain much larger size, and its last whorl is less convex in outline, bears spiral rows of coarse and minute brown dots and has a dark brown base.
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Conus capitaneus Linnaeus, 1758
Pictures:
Picture Link: Lectotype in LSL Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Living animal: David Massemin New Caledonia

Published in: Systema Naturae 10th ed., 1, p. 713
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Type locality Asia, restricted (C, M & W) to Larantuka, Flores, Indonesia.
Type Data: Lectotype in LSL deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 51 x 32 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Rhizoconus Species:-capitaneus
Synonyms:- ferrugineus Bosc, 1801; ceciliae Crosse, 1858
Geographic Range:-Natal and E. Africa to Hawaii, Samoa and Tonga, Japan to Australia; absent from Red Sea
Habitat:-Intertidal and entire subtidal; in Philippines to about 240 m; most common on slightly subtidal reef flats and stretches of sand passing into reef flats, occurring on sand under coral rocks, on coral rock with coralline algal encrustation or in holes and crevices.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Moderately large to large, solid. Last whorl conical or ventricosely conical to broadly or broadly and ventricosely conical; outline convex near shoulder, less so or straight below; left side concave near base. Shoulder angulate, sometimes subangulate. Spire low, outline slightly sigmoid, straight or concave. Larval shell of 3-3.5 whorls, maximum diameter about 0.9 mm. First 0.5 postnuclear whorls tuberculate, smooth within following 0.5 whorl. Teleoconch sutural ramps almost flat to slightly convex, with 2 increasing to 5-7 spiral grooves. Last whorl with widely spaced, often weak spiral ribs at base; in subadults, ribs followed by variably spaced spiral rows of punctations sometimes retained basally in small adults.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with broad, brown or olive spiral bands, leaving white bands at shoulder and centre. Central band edged with dark brown markings, some of which cross the band; subshoulder band crossed by dark brown streaks. Spiral colour bands interspersed by spiral rows of dark brown coarse dots or axial streaks of varying length. Numerous spiral rows of minute brown dots extend from base to shoulder, often sparse within white bands and densely clustered anteriorly, producing a dark brown base; dots become axially rather than spirally aligned during growth. Larval whorls yellow; adjacent sutural ramps greenish yellow. Later sutural ramps white, with variably broad, brown to black radial blotches, some of which extend as streaks to subshoulder area. Aperture white. Pattern consistent from juveniles of about 15 mm to the adult stage.
Shell Morphometry
L 55-98 mm
RW 0.33-0.80 g/mm
((L 55-85))
RD 0.65-0.75
PMD 0.82-0.92
RSH 0.05-0.12
C. mustelinus the midbody band has discrete oval black black spots not connected across midbody; more elongate, narrower shoulder, higher more convex spire; seldom more than 2-3 rows large spots.
C. ceciliae used for large specimens, brightly colored, retaining heavy juvenile structures.
Discussion:-


Conus capitaneus f. ceciliae Crosse, 1858
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MHNG Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: J. Conchyl. 7, p. 381, pl. xiv, f. 5
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: Not known.
Type Data: Holotype in MHNG deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 33 x 19.5 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Synonym form of Conus capitaneus Linnaeus, 1758
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Rhizoconus Species:-capitaneus ceciliae forma
Synonyms:- There are no junior synonyms
Geographic Range:-Indo-Pacific
Habitat:-Intertidal and entire subtidal; in Philippines to about 240 m; most common on slightly subtidal reef flats and stretches of sand passing into reef flats, occurring on sand under coral rocks, on coral rock with coralline algal encrustation or in holes and crevices.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
C. ceciliae is based on a subadult specimen of C. capitaneus with spiral rows of deep punctations on the last whorl.
Discussion:-No Data
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Conus capreolus Röckel, 1985
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in NMSF Mike Filmer
Picture Link: Paul Kersten
Published in: Arch. Moll. cxv. (4/6), p. 267, pl. 1, f. 3
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: About 50 km from east coast of E. Indian state of Visakhapatnam; 50 m
Type Data: Holotype in NMSF deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 40.7 x 18.7 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Kioconus Species:-capreolus
Synonyms:- semisulcatus Sowerby, 1870
Geographic Range:-E. India - Andaman Sea
Habitat:-Reported from 50 m.
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to moderately large, moderately solid. Last whorl conical, outline almost straight; subadult shells slightly convex adapically, large shells with a concave right side. Shoulder sharply angulate. Spire of moderate height, early whorls stepped, outline regularly concave. Larval shell of about 2 whorls, maximum diameter 0.8-0.9 mm. First 5-7 postnuclear whorls tuberculate, later whorls carinate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat to slightly concave, with pronounced closely set radial threads; early ramps with 1-2 increasing to 3 fine spiral grooves, later ramps with finer spiral striation. Last whorl with a few spiral grooves at base, separated by ribs anteriorly and by ribbons posteriorly.
Ground colour white, suffused with violet and cream on last whorl. Last whorl with fawn axial streaks, varying from separate to fused in an almost solid brown colouration. Larval whorls white. Early teleoconch sutural ramps usually tan, later ramps grade to largely white. Aperture cream white, shaded with very pale violet.
Shell Morphometry
L 36-65 mm
RW 0.11-0.22 g/mm
RD 0.55-0.58
PMD 0.87-0.96
RSH 0.13-0.19
Discussion:-
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Conus capricorni van Mol, Tursch & Kempf, 1967
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNHN Mike Filmer

Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Ann. Inst. Oceanogr. 45, p. 238, f. 3, pl. 10, f. 1 a-b
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Off Porto Alegre, Brazil; 141-135 m
Type Data: Holotype in MNHN deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 49.2 x 25 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Incertae cedis:- uncertain (incertae cedis), probably a fossil form of C. cancellatus Hwass by Filmer, 1792; regarded as a valid species by Petuch & Myers, 2014
Habitat: Deep water
Description: Translated from the French original description.

Spire fairly low profile right, acuminate, nucleus very high - at least three rounds, opaque, smooth, brownish. Early rounds has very angular shoulder; the portion situated below the shoulder mark is strong axial ribs cut by fine spiral grooves.

Sculpture: the axial ribs the first rounds go to fifth rounds.

The shoulder is always shrouded. The tops of the towers is decorated with four spiral grooves well marked, cut by fine growth lines. Narrow suture canaliculated. Above slightly concave towers.

Last whorl: shoulder fairlyregular. Profile slightly convex. Sculpture: completely covered by numerous spiral grooves well marked, stronger at the base.

Aperture: narrow, incentives edges.

Coloration: two series of spiral brown spots and series of whitish blotches.

Periostracum: yellowish brown, opaque

Discussion: Most often on the marked as Conus villepinii.
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Conus caracteristicus G. Fischer, 1807
Pictures:.
Picture Link: Representation of Lectotype Chemnitz (1788: 54, pl. 182, figs. 1760, 1761)

Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Radula Picture: Manuel Tenorio

Published in: Mus. Demidoff iii, p. 139
Ocean geography: Indo-Pacific
Type Locality: None; not mentioned, designated (C, M & W) Java Sea, (Indonesia)
Type Data: A representative type figure has been recorded as: Chemnitz (1788: 54, pl. 182 figs. 1760, 1761)
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: A valid species
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lithoconus Species:-caracteristicus
Synonyms:- muscosus Lamarck, 1810; characteristicus Dillwyn, 1817; masoni Nevill & Nevill, 1874; brevis Smith, 1877
Geographic Range:-Bay of Bengal to Philippines and to Japan
Habitat:-Subtidal, to 30 m; on sand
Description:-Source Living Conidae
Medium-sized to large, solid to heavy. Last whorl conical to broadly conical; outline convex below shoulder, straight towards base. Shoulder angulate to rounded. Spire of low to moderate height; early whorls projecting from an otherwise flat spire. First 5-6 postnuclear whorls tuberculate. Teleoconch sutural ramps flat, with 2 deep spiral grooves increasing to 3-4 major grooves and several spiral striae. Last whorl with weak or strong, alternating fine and coarse spiral ribs near base.
Ground colour white. Last whorl with often wavy, brown to reddish brown axial dashes, lines and blotches, with small triangular flecks, and near base with spirally aligned spots. Pattern elements clustered in 3 spiral zones, below shoulder and on both sides of centre; adapical zones accentuated by an underlaying salmon or brown band. Teleoconch sutural ramps crossed by brown blotches. Aperture yellow.
Shell Morphometry
L 40-88 mm
RW 0.40-1.30 g/mm
RD 0.65-0.76
PMD 0.85-0.92
RSH 0.04-0.18
Discussion:-C. caracteristicus resembles C. zeylanicus, which co- occurs in the E. Indian Ocean. However, it differs from the latter in its coarser colour pattern without pink or violet tones, strictly conical last whorl, and more pronounced spiral sculpture of the sutural ramps.
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Conus carcellesi Martins, 1945
Pictures:
Picture Link: Holotype in MNRJ MNRJ

Picture Link: Paul Kersten

Published in: Notas Mus. La Plata Zool.. X, no. 88, p. 260., pl. f. A-G2
Ocean geography: West Atlantic and Caribbean
Type Locality: Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires province, Argentina.
Type Data: Holotype in MNRJ deposited and catalogued
Type Size: 29 x 14 mm
Nomenclature: An available name
Taxonomy: Subspecies of Conus lemniscatus Reeve, 1849
Current Group Names:-
Family:-CONIDAE SubFamily:-PUNCTICULIINAE
Genus:-Lamniconus Species:-lemniscatus carcellesi subsp.
Synonyms:- iheringi Frenguelli, 1946
Geographic Range:-Urugauy, Argentina
Habitat:-Found at depths of 20-70 m.
Description:-Source Vink
C. lemniscatus closely resembles C. clerii, but in general is somewhat smaller, length up to 50 mm. Typical specimens are more slender with a more straight-sided spire. The body whorl is straight to convex with spiral ridges near the base, which in some spcimens may cover the body whorl. Shoulder roundly angulate, early spire whorls convex, later spire whorls flat to slightly concave and not stepped in typical C. lemniscatus. Nucleus: 1.5 whorls. The first 2 postnuclear whorls, normally smooth, may show irregular coronation (but not the regular axial sculpture of C. clerii). The colour pattern is like that of C. clerii; in most specimens of typical C. lemniscatus the axial flames are lighter coloured and cover larger areas so that the spiral lines of dark squares become prominent. However, there are specimens of c. clerii with the same colour pattern, and the only way to distinguish the two species without any doubt is by comparing the early spire whorls
The colour pattern of the subspecies is similar to that of C. lemniscatus, but the pattern of axial flames is predominant.