Diet of Dendropsophus microcephalus and Scarthyla vigilans (Anura: Hylidae) at a locality in north-western Venezuela with notes on microhabitat occupation
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mouth width was significantly different between spe- cies (D. microcephalus > S. vigilans). Two results may explain this finding: the weak correlation found in both species between mouth width and prey size and the generalist diet. We propose that diet specializa- tion is more likely to allow for a relationship between predator and prey morphometry in anurans (Lynch & Duellman, 1997). For a relationship between anuran morphometry and prey size in other hylid assemblag- es see for instance: Toft (1980a, 1981), Duré & Kehr (2001) and Jiménez & Bolaños (2012). In conclusion, at the locality of this study, D. microcephalus and S. vigilans occupy the same mi- crohabitats and the potential for space competition would be high if perch sites were limited; nonetheless, segregation of their diets would reduce competition and favor their coexistence. The composition of their diets is biased toward the generalist end of the contin- uum of prey specialization in anurans (ant-specialist, non-ant specialist and generalist). RESUMEN La coexistencia de especies con requerimientos ecológi- cos similares (alimento, espacio, tiempo) típicamente ha atraído a los investigadores porque se espera que la com- petencia por recursos sea alta. La dieta y la ocupación de microhábitat de dos especies morfológica y ecológicamente similares de Hylidae (Anura) se analizaron en una locali- dad al noroeste de Venezuela, con el objetivo de evaluar el potencial para competencia entre ellas. La dieta se estimó a través del análisis de los contenidos estomacales y la ocu- pación del microhábitat por medio de registros del tipo y altura de la percha y la distancia horizontal al agua. Se identificaron 36 categorías de presa (32 familias, 4 órde- nes); 30 en D. microcephalus y 21 en S. vigilans. Las presas más importantes (RII) en D. microcephalus fue- ron Agelenidae (11,1%), Tachinidae (9,32%) y Lepi- doptera-larva (7,96%). Gryllidae (14,13%), Cicadidae (9,1%), Cicadellidae (8,3%) and Delphacidae (8,02%) fueron las más importantes en S. vigilans. Ambas especies tienen dietas relativamente generalistas. La superposición de las dietas fue relativamente baja (0,32). Ambas espe- cies ocuparon el mismo tipo de perchas (hojas y tallos de dicotiledóneas y monocotiledóneas) a las mismas alturas. El potencial para la competencia por espacio es alto si las perchas fuesen escasas, pero se espera que la competencia por el alimento sea baja. Palabras-Clave: Dieta; Generalista; Superposición de nicho; Partición de recursos; Microhábitat; Mor- fometría. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The study was preformed with permission of the landowners of Hacienda La Guáquira. We are indebt- ed to C. Rivero-Blanco, I. Guevara and the students of the 2012-Herpetology Course (Biology School, Universidad Central de Venezuela) for their logistic support at the study site. D. Llavaneras kindly helped with prey identification. S. Boher and H. Guada re- vised the original project, and E. Zeuch gently read this manuscript. REFERENCES Aiken, M. & Coyle, F.A. 2000. Habitat distribution, life history and behaviour of Tetragnatha spider species in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Journal of Arachnology, 28:97-106. Alatalo, R.V. 1981. Problems in the measurement of evenness in ecology. Oikos, 37:199-204. Anderson, A.; Haukos, D. & Anderson, J. 1999. Diet composition of three anurans from the Playa wetlands of northwest Texas. Copeia, 1999:515-520. Armesto, O.; Esteban, B. & Torrado, R. 2009. Fauna de anfibios del Municipio de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia.
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