Dynamic Changes In Hydroecological Conditions For The Distribution Of Sokh Cones And Issues Of Their Protection Mirzahmedov Ismoiljon Karimjon ugli

2. The main part
Use of the nature and resources of river basins is a multi-faceted and multi-stage complex process. In the process of using one type of resource, other resources are also involved. In the production process, in many cases, it is necessary to use resources in a complex way. However, the efficiency of use depends on many factors, and in particular, the scientific principles of production organization and their adherence are of primary importance. In the microzones of the middle and lower slopes of the plains, where the mineralized groundwater lies close to the surface, moderately and strongly fragmented irrigated meadows, swamp-meadows and marshy soils and salt marshes are well developed (Table 2). The process of salinization and swamping is very active in these soils. Such processes make their reclamation situation even more complicated. In places where groundwater lies deeper than the surface of the earth, non-saline automorphic soils, especially gray-brown soils, are well developed. On the contrary, water and wind erosion, rather than salinization and waterlogging, are active in such soils.
The level of salinity of the irrigated soils in all areas of the plains, the level of mineralization of underground water, the thickness of the collector-drainage system has decreased by 0.5-1 meter of the seepage water in the Kuva inter-plains low. In the lands where the collector-drainage systems of the Sariksuv-Damkol and Achchikkol lowlands have been built, the seepage water has decreased to a certain extent. The soluble salts in the syzot waters of Central Ferghana are decreasing to a certain extent under the influence of irrigation.
As a result of the observations, it was found that the collector absorbs 9-10 times more chlorine and 1.2-2 times more sulfate salts than the water of streams and rivers. It can be seen that as a result of the irrigation and soil drainage works carried out in Central Fergana for the next 30-40 years, the amount of water-soluble salts in the seepage water was removed from the seepage waters of the lands adjacent to the collector ditches. Due to the slow movement of flood waters in the Sokh-Isfayram plain, their removal from salt water is very slow. In these lands, in 1929-1981, there was up to 50 grams of salt in each liter of syzoizot water, but now this amount has decreased. First of all, chlorine salts were washed out, while the contribution of sulfate salts prevailed.
In the Kuva inter-spreading plain, compared to 1929-1932, 70% of the salt of the seepage water went to the Syrdarya through the collector drainage systems. As a result, in many places of the region, the amount of salts in every liter of syzot water is only 0-1 gram. In Sariksuv-Damkol and Achchikkol sediments, the level of mineralization of seepage waters has become much higher than when mass exploitation began. This is definitely due to the reduction of waste water, the evaporation of a large part of the seepage water. In the lower terraces of the Syrdarya, large-scale irrigation reduced the amount of seepage water from 5-50 grams per liter to 1-3 grams in 1929-1931. The left bank of the Syr Darya is now 1-1.5 km long, and the content of seepage water is very close to the content of the river water.