2. The influence of antique culture and literature on the European literature
The most important gift of Greek civilization was perhaps, the willinhess of the Greeks to try new things. They experimented with a new form of government. They gave democracy a chance to grow and accepted new ideas. They tried to separate science from superstition. As a result, Greeks made progress in arithmetic, geometry, zoology, astronomy and trigonometry.
Art, in the form of buildings. statues and literature is one of the lasting gifts of ancient Greece. Athens became the most beautiful city of the ancient world. On a hill in Athens was “The Acropolis”, where buildings were dedicated to religion and art. “The Parthenon”, the most beatiful building, had marble columus. The types of Colums most often used were known as Doric, Ionic and Corinthian.
Hellenistic culture, although mainly Greek, was greatly influenced by the culture of the East. The city of Alexandria in Egypt became the center of Hellenistic culture. Magnificent buildings and a tremendous library were to Alexandria harbour was one of the seven wonders of the world.
The Colossus of Rhodes, built on the island of Rhodes, was a giant bronze statue of Apallo. It stood 105 feet high and was regarded as another wonder of the world. The scientists of the Hellenistic useful knowledge Archimedes contributed to the development of modern inventions such as the steam engine. He also invented weapons of war such as the catapult. Hellenistic sculpture remains among the most beautiful in the world. The statue of female god of love, the “Venus of Milo” belongs to this period. Another example of fine Hellenictic sculpture is the famous “Laocoon”.
Tasks
Mapping Skill
1) Locate the islands of Grete and Rhodes on the map which island is closer to the mainland of Greece?
2) Coustruct a time line about early Greek civilization using the dates and information you learn.
Think and Write
. Characterization of the antique society. (Geography, formations, ideology, periods).
Describe the physical features and the climate of Greece.
3. Where did the Greek civilization develop?
4. Why was the sea important to Greeks?
5. What roles did the gods play in ancient Greece?
6. A fable teaches a lesson often by using talking animals. Write a short fable of your own and fell what lesson it teaches.
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