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Seminar#3
Typology of phonetic and phonological level of English and
Native languages
►Classroom activities
Answers can be varied.
►Home activities
Exercise#1. Write 4 main aspects of PHONETICS and match them with the
paragraphs below
:
1
Articulatory Phonetics
2 Acoustic Phonetics
3. Auditory Phonetics
4. Functional Phonetics
Exercise#2. Read and fill in the gaps:
Comparative phonetics, Segmental phonology
,
Specific phonetics,Suprasegmental
phonology andGeneral phonetics.
Phonetics can be divided into several types like:
1. General phonetics
2. Specific phonetics
3. Comparative phonetics
4. Segmental phonology
5. Suprasegmental phonology
►
Activities for self-improvement
Exercise#1. Read the statements below and choose whether they are True or
False.
PHONETICS
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11.
False
12.
True
13.
False
14.
False
15.
True
16.
False
17.
False
18.
False
19.
False
20.
True
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Seminar#4
Typology of phonetic and phonological level of English and
Native Languages
►Classroom activities
Answers can be varied.
Exercise#3. Stress can be divided into all compared languages. a) in small
groups complete the clusters.
In English:
In Russian:
In Uzbek:
Stress
Word stress
Syntagmatic stress
Utterance stress
Logic stress
Emphatic stress
Stress
Manner of division
Dynamic stress
Strong stress
Weak stress
Quantitative stress
Melodic stress
Place of stress
Fixed stress
Free stress
Free located
Free movable
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3b) Compare completed clusters and find 3 similarities, differences and
distinctive features of the stress in 3 languages.
Stress
Word stress
According to the
movement
Moveable
stress
Unmovable
stress
According to the
phonetic feature
Dynamic
stress
Quantitative
stress
Typical tonic
stress
Musical stress
According to the
place
Free stress
Linked stress
Syntagmatic stress
Utterance stress
Logic stress
Emphatic stress
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►Home activities
Exercise#1. Complete the table and Compare vowels according to the tongue
position in 3 languages:
fron
t vowel
front-
retracted
vowel
cent
ral vowels
back
vowels
back-
advanced
vowel
English
[i: e
ǽ]
[i]
[Λ ә:
ә]
[a: o
o: u:]
[u]
Uzbek
[и,
э]
-
[ў]
[a, у,
o]
-
Russian
[и],
[э]
-
[ы],
[а]
[у],
[о]
-
Exercise#2. Compare Uzbek, Russian and English vowels according to the
vertical position of the tongue.
narrow
mid
broad
Uzbek
[и, у]
[э, o, ў]
[a]
Russian
[и], [ы], [у]
[э], [о]
[а]
►
Activities for self-improvement
Answers can be varied.
Test yourself on Typology of phonetic and phonological level of English and
Native languages
1.
The smallest unit of sound distinguishing meaning is called a ...
a)
*phoneme
b)
Morpheme
c)
allophone
d)
phone
2.
A fricative and an affricate differ in ...
a)
*pressure phase and friction phase
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b)
Nothing
c)
place of articulation
e)
the manner of articulation
3.
A voiced and a voiceless sound differ in ...
e)
There is no difference
f)
aspiration
g)
the direction of the air stream
h)
*vocal chord action
4.
In which of these words is the vowel the shortest?
e)
bean
f)
bead
g)
bee
h)
beat
5.
… which is mainly concerned with the functioning of phonetic units in the
language.
e)
segmental phonetics;
f)
practical phonetics;
g)
suprasegmental phonetics;
h)
*theoretical phonetics.
6.
The branch of phonetics that studies the linguistic function of consonant and
vowel sounds, syllable structure, word accent and prosodic features, such as
pitch, stress, and tempo is called …
e)
*phonology;
f)
instrumental phonetics;
g)
practical phonetics;
h)
theoretical phonetics;
7.
… studies the larger units of connected speech syllables, words, phrases, texts.
e)
segmental phonetics;
f)
theoretical phonetics;
g)
practical phonetics;
h)
*suprasegmental phonetics.
8.
How many vowels are there in the English, Russian and Uzbek languages?
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e)
*20, 6, 6
f)
18, 6, 10
g)
19, 6, 6
h)
24, 10, 6
9.
What language classifies vowels into short and long according to the
length
e)
Russian
f)
*English
g)
Uzbek
h)
Polish
10.
According to the palatalization of the tongue, what language has
soft
and
hard
consonants.
e)
English
f)
Uzbek
g)
*Russian
h)
Polish
11.
According to the passive organs of speech, consonants are divided into:
e)
Labial
f)
*Dental and alveolar
g)
Sonorant
h)
Fricative
12.
A special prominence given to one more syllable in a word is:
e)
The pause
f)
The rhythm
g)
The melody
h)
*The stress
13.
Which language has free word stress?
e)
*Russian and English
f)
Czeck and Slovak
g)
French
h)
Kazakh
14.
What is a syllable?
e)
Morphemic structure of the word
f)
One of the speech sounds
g)
The shortest segment of speech sounds
h)
*Segmental structure of the word
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15. Find the correct answer where English and Uzbek stress position is correctly
shown.
e)
*words in English have mostly 1
st
syllable stressed position and Uzbek last
syllable stressed position
f)
words in Uzbek have mostly 2
nd
syllable stressed position and English 1
st
syllable stressed position
g)
there is no stable stress position in both languages
h)
words in Uzbek and English have free syllable stressed position
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Seminar#5
Typology of morphological level of English and Native
Languages
►Classroom activities
Answers can be varied.
►Home activities
Answers can be varied.
►
Activities for self-improvement
Answers can be varied.
228
Seminar#6
Typology of morphological level of English and Native
Languages
►Classroom activities
Exercise#2. Work in pairs. Give a definition to the terms. Then compare your
definitions with the group. First is done as an example:
g)
Morphological typology
is a way of classifying the languages of the world
that groups languages according to their common morphological structures.
h)
Analytic languages
show a low ratio of morphemes to words; in fact, the
correspondence is nearly one-to-one. Sentences in analytic languages are
composed of independent root morphemes.
i)
Synthetic languages
form words by affixing a given number of dependent
morphemes to a root morpheme. The morphemes may be distinguishable
from the root, or they may not.
j)
Agglutinative languages
tend to have a high number of morphemes per
word, and their morphology is highly regular.
k)
Fusional languages
Morphemes in fusional languages are not readily
distinguishable from the root or among themselves. Several grammatical
bits of meaning may be fused into one affix.
l)
Polysynthetic
languages commonly express "the ability to form words that
are equivalent to whole sentences in other languages.
►Home activities
Exercise#1. Circle the right answer.
6.
How many types of categories of grammar may be?
d)
Three
e)
One
f)
*Two
7.
Find the difference between primary and secondary categories of
grammar.
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d)
Secondary grammar categories study number, case, gender for nouns, tense,
voice, aspect, mood, person, degrees of comparison for adjectives and so on
and primary grammar categories study synthetic relations between words.
e)
*primary grammatical categories deal with parts of speech, whereas
secondary grammatical categories deal with within every part of speech
separately
f)
None
8.
What is a morpheme?
d)
*the units of morphological level
e)
a grammatical category within every part of speech
f)
an association of a given meaning with a given sound pattern
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