Nerve agents ga (Tabum)

GD (Soman)

• (U) Thickened GD is mainly a vapor hazard, although GD forms large droplets that provide a greater concentration reaching the ground and a greater contact hazard than the from which have not thickened

GD (Soman)

• Physical state: Colorless liquid

• Odor: Fruity, camaphor when impure

• Boiling point: 198° at 760 mm HG

• Freezing point: -42 °C

• Flash point: N/A

• Heat of vaporization: 72.4 cal/g

• Volatility: 3,900 mg/m³ at 25°C

• Decomposition temp: Stabalized-200hrs@130°C Unstabalized-4hrs@130°C

• Stability in storage: Less stable than GA or GB

• Molecular weight: 182.178

GD (Soman)

• Means of detection in the field:

• - M18A2, M256A1 and M8A1 alarms

• - M8 and M9 paper

• Protection required: MOPP 4

• - Clothing gives off G-agents for approximately 30 minutes after contact with

• vapor

• Decontamination:

• - Flush eyes with vapor immediately

• - Use M258A1, M258 or M291 skin decontaminating kit for liquid agent

• - Decontaminate equipment using calcium hypochlorite (HTH),

• Super tropical bleach (STB), household bleach, caustic soda, dilute alkali

• solutions, or decontaminating solution number 2 (DS2)

• - Use steam and ammonia or hot soapy water in confined area

GF

• Nerve agent

• Primary usage: Quick-action casualty agent

• Enters body primarily through respiratory tract, but also can enter through skin and digestive trace

• Symptoms: Difficulty breathing, drooling, sweating, nausea, vomiting, cramps, jerking, staggering, involuntary defecation and urination, twitching, headache, confusion, drowsiness, coma, convulsions, death

• Treatment: Use of nerve agent antidote (atropine and 2-PAM chloride); pretreatment with pyridostigmine bromide (PB) increase survivability when antidote is used after exposure

GF

• Respiratory lCt50 : 20mg-min/m³

• Respiratory LCt50 : 75mg-min/m³

• Percutaneous lCt50: 7,5000mg-min/m

• Percutaneous LCt50: 15,000mg-min/m³

• Rate of detoxification: Low

GF

• C F

• -30 -22

• -20 -4

• -10 14

• 0 32

• 10 50

• 20 68

• 30 86

• 40 104

• 50 122

• 55 131

GF

• Physical state: Liquid

• Odor: Sweet, musty, peaches

• Boiling point: 239° at 760 mm HG

• Freezing point: -30 °C

• Flash point: 94°

• Heat of vaporization: 90.5 cal/g

• Volatility: 438 mg/m³ at 25°C

• Stability in storage: Stable in steel at normal temps.

• Molecular weight: 180.2

GF

• Means of detection in the field:

• - M18A2, M256A1 and M8A1 alarms

• - M8 and M9 paper

• Protection required: MOPP 4

• - Clothing gives off G-agents for approximately 30 minutes after contact with

• vapor

• Decontamination:

• - Flush eyes with vapor immediately

• - Use M258A1, M258 or M291 skin decontaminating kit for liquid agent

• - Decontaminate equipment using calcium hypochlorite (HTH),

• Super tropical bleach (STB), household bleach, caustic soda, dilute alkali

• solutions, or decontaminating solution number 2 (DS2)

• - Use steam and ammonia or hot soapy water in confined area

VX

• Nerve Agent

• Primary Usage: Quick-action casualty agent

• Enters body primarily through skin, but can also enter through skin and respiratory tract and digestive tract. VX has low volatility, and liquid droplets on the skin do not evaporate, thereby increasing absorption. VX by percutaneous route is estimated to be more than 100 times as toxic as GB, VX by inhalation is estimated to be twice as toxic as GB

• Symptoms: Difficulty breathing, drooling, nausea, vomiting, cramps,. Involuntary defecation and urination, twitching, jerking, staggering, headache, confusion, drowsiness, coma, convulsions, death

• Treatment: Use of nerve agent antidote (atropine and 2-PAM chloride); pretreatment with pyridostigmine bromide (PB) increase survivability when antidote is used after exposure to nerve agent

VX

• Threshold eye effects: 0.04mg-min/m³

• Respiratory lCt50 : 50 mg-min/m³

• 1-10 minutes to effect

• Respiratory LCt50: 100mg-min/m³

• 4-10 mins to effect

• Percutaneous LCt50: 115mg-min/m³

• Rate of detoxification: Low, essentially cumulative

VX

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