Nerve agents ga (Tabum)

Symptoms: Immediate burning sensation in the eyes; permanent loss of sight if not decontaminated with3 minutes with large amounts of water; immediate and strong stinging sensation to the skin; reddening of the skin starts with in 30 minutes; blistering does not appear until after about 13 hours; skins burns are mush deeper than those caused by HD

L (Lewisite)

• Eyes effects (ED) : 300mg-min/m³ very susceptible to low concentrations; 1,500mg-min/m³ produces severe and probably permanent corneal damage to the eyes.

• Respiratory lCt50: 1,200-1,500mg-min/m³

• Percutaneous ICt50: +1,500mg-min/m³

• Percutaneous LCt50: 100,000mg-min/m³

• Rate of detoxification: None

L (Lewisite)

• Physical state: Colorless to brown

• Odor: Like geraniums, little odor when pure

• Boiling point: 190°C at 760 mm HG

• Freezing point: 18°- 0.1C

• Flash point: None

• Heat of vaporization: 58 cal/g

• Volatility: 1060 mg/m³ at 0°C, 4,480 mg/m³ at 20°C, 8,620 mg/m³ at 30°C

• Decomposition temp: Above 100°C

• Stability in storage: Stable in steel or glass containers

• Molecular weight: 207.35

L (Lewisite)

• Means of detection in the field:

• - M18A2, M256A1 and M8A1 alarms

• Protection required: MOPP 4

• Decontamination:

• - STB, fire, or DS2, HTH, household bleach

• - Use M258A1, M258 or M291 skin decontaminating kit for liquid agent

• - Decontaminate individual equipment with M280 individual equipment decontamination kit

Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL)

• Blister agent

• Primary usage: Delayed-action casualty agent

• Enters body primarily through skin, respiratory tract and digestive tract. H damages any tissue it contacts: severity directly relates to the concentration of the agent and the duration of contact with skin

• Symptoms: Immediate stinging sensation in the skin; reddening of the skin starts with in 30 minutes; blistering does not appear until after about 13 hours; skins burns are mush deeper than those caused by HD; fluid in chest cavity and lungs; increase papillary permeability which causes shock and death because of loss of fluid from the bloodstream

Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL)

• LCt50 (Respiratory): 1,500mg-min/m³

• LCt50 (Percutaneous):: 10,000mg-min/m³

• ICt50 (eye injury): 200mg-min/m³

• Rate of detoxification: None

• Eye and skin toxicity: Very high

• Time to effect: Produces immediate stinging of the skin and redness within 30 minutes; blistering delayed about 3 hours

Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL)

• Physical state: Liquid

• Odor: Garlic like

• Boiling point: Indefinite but below190°C at 760 mm HG

• Freezing point: -42°C for plant purity HL -25.4°C when pure

• Flash point: N/A

• Heat of vaporization: Immediate between the heats of vaporization of the components

• Volatility: 240 mg/m³ at -11°C, 2,730 mg/m³ at 20°C, 10,270 mg/m³ at 30°C

• Decomposition temp: Above 100°C

• Stability in storage: Stable in laquered steel containers

• Molecular weight: 186.4

Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL)

• Means of detection in the field:

• - M18A2, M256A1 and M8A1 alarms

• - M8 and M9 paper

• Protection required: MOPP 4

• Decontamination:

• - STB, fire, or DS2, or caustic soda

• - Use M258A1, M258 or M291 skin decontaminating kit for liquid agent on the skin

• - Decontaminate individual equipment with M280 individual equipment decontamination kit

• CHOKING AGENTS

Phosgene Oxime (CX)

• Choking agent

• Primary usage: Rapid acting casualty agent

• Enters body through respiratory tract

• Symptoms: Immediate severe burning sensation; intense pain; feeling of numbness; swelling; immediate pain varying from mild prickling to almost intolerable pain resembling a severe bee sting; violent irritation to mucous membranes of eyes and nose, skins becomes pale and red rings surron the area; wheal forms in about 30 minutes; blanched area turns brown in about 24 hours; scabs form in about a week; scab usually falls off about three weeks later; healing can take longer than two months

Phosgene Oxime (CX)

• Respiratory irritation threshold: 1mg-min/m³

• Unbearable respiratory irritation: 3mg-min/m³

• Respiratory LCt50: 3,200mg-min/m³

• Rate of detoxification: Unknown

Phosgene Oxime (CX)

• Physical state: Liquid above 39°C solid below 35°C

• Odor: Intense, penetrating, disagreeable, and violently irritating

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