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22 (the Apple) and the fraction of the same name in the State Duma. IGPI is one of the most important political and ideological, scientific and information centers supporting Grigori Yavlinski. 8)
Its research fields are general problems of national security, Russia's relations with foreign countries, the character and trends of various global and regional military-political and economic processes, and an analysis and prediction of crisis situations in individual countries and regions of the world. RISS was set up by Yeltsin's decree in February 1992 as a State research institution. The object of its creation was to provide Russian supreme governmental bodies with relevant information and analytical materials. The RISS Director is Yevgeni Kozhokin, an ex-deputy of the former RF Supreme Soviet. As a deputy, Yevgeni Kozhokin held high posts at the Supreme Soviet: he was the Chairman of the Subcommittee for Foreign Affairs at the Committee for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Economic Relations and then the Chairman of the Subcommittee for International Security and Intelligence at the Defence and Security Committee. 9) THE WORKING CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC REFORMS AT THE RF GOVERNMENT (WCER). Its research fields are microeconomics, social problems, corporate management and financing, and regional economy. It was founded in November 1991 by a Government's order and has a juridical status of a State body. WCER is actively participating in the elaboration of the Russian Government's economic course and fulfils orders of the President Administration and some ministries. 23 10)
“RUSSIAN INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE OF THE STUDY OF SOCIAL AND NATIONAL PROBLEMS The institute was organized in 1991 on the basis of The Institute of Marxism-Leninism. The sphere of its research - political science, sociology, economic history of Russia, and the analysis of conflicts. General director of the institute - Mikhail Gorshkov. Having legal status of public organization the Institute works the state and nonstate organizations; among the last ones there are large Russian and foreign companies and banks. The institute has its own all-Russian monitoring network; it also has at its disposal a data base of all-Russian monitoring of public opinion since 1992. 11)
“Vox populi” was founded in 1989 and has a legal status of private organization. Its president, founder, and owner is professor Boris Grushin. The sphere of research - sociological analysis of electoral behavior, of social and economic problems, of national relations and mass communication. “Vox populi” works for The Administration of President of Russian Federation, federal organs of legislative and executive power, political parties, mass media, banks, commercial structures. Analytical production of this service is mainly of exclusive character and represented in the form of the information reports prepared according to monitoring of public opinion.
“Vox populi” is a constant participant of the seminars organized by Analytical Department of The Administration of President. As a rule the Kremlin use the service while preparing for the most important elections (Duma, presidential). 12) THE COUNCIL FOR FOREIGN AND DEFENCE POLICY (SVOP). The Council was founded as a nongovernmental organ of the most influential politicians, state officials, representatives of mass media, and scholars. Its aim is to participate and help 24 actively in the elaboration and realization of strategic approaches to foreign and defence policies of Russia. Legal status - public organization; chairman - Sergey Karaganov, member of Presidential Council, deputy director of the Institute of European studies (Russian Academy of Sciences). Among the members SVOP there are also such influential figures of the Russian politics as Yuri Boldyrev, Alexander Vladislavlev, Arkady Volsky, Konstantin Zatulin, Andrei Kokoshin, Alexander Kotenkov, Vladimir Lukin, Igor Malashenko, Sergey Stepashin, Vitaly Tretyakov, Sergey Shahray, Grigori Yavlinsky and others. SVOP works in cooperation with State Duma, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Defence Ministry, Ministry of Atomic Energy. 13) “PUBLIC OPINION” FOUNDATION. “Public opinion” was founded in 1991 for social and marketing research based on mass selective questioning of different groups of population in Russia and CIS. Legal status of the foundation - public organization. General director - Alexander Oslon, director of the Analytical center - Igor Klyamkin. Twice per month the foundation organizes all-Russian questioning of population. «Public opinion» works in cooperation with The Administration of President, with one of the most influential Russian TV channel NTV, and with The State committee of the properties. 14) “RUSIAN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CENTER” (ROPTS) FOUNDATION. This foundation was established as a state organization by the order of the President of the Russian Federation in 1991. Now it is a public foundation; its President is Alexey Salmin, member of Presidential council. ROPTs has its filials in the largest Russian cities and works in cooperation of The Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. Playing a significant role in the elaboration of the policy, the Foundation is one of the most important intellectual and political centers of Russia; very often it functions as a kind of «playground» for the analysis of different political scenarios. 25 15) “THE CENTER OF POLITICAL TECHNOLOGIES” FOUNDATION. This “Center” has a legal status of public foundation. General director - Igor Bunin. The foundation realizes sever constant programs: 1. Monitoring of current political, social, and economic situation (this one includes preparation of information-analytical materials on the most acute problems of Russia; short-term and long-term prognostications in political, social, and economic development; expertize of social, political, and regional conflicts which affect strongly interior and foreign situation of Russia). 2. The study of the development of party-political system of Russia, including the study of the party’s electorates and the analysis of the moods and preferences of different groups of voters.
3. The study of the new Russian elites-political, economic, intellectual. The foundation takes the most active participation in the political process. It works for all branches of federal power, for the Government, for the political parties and movements (especially for «Nash Dom - Rossia»). The foundation organizes constant training for the plenipotentiary representatives of the President in the regions and (when ordered) prepares election programs. 16) “RAU-CORPORATION” (RUSSIAN-AMERICAN UNIVERSITY). The corporation is founded in 1990 as an international nongovernmental organization. In 1992 it was transformed into private organization with the legal status of joint stock company of closed type. The same year it was recognized as an associated member of UNO. The sphere of research - foreign and interior policies, military cooperation and security, business, education. The president is Alexey Podberyozkin, who also functions as the chairman of the subcommittee for intelligence in the state Duma (Podberyozkin was elected to Duma according to the list of the Communist Party, but he is not its member). 26 RAU has close ties with the organs of representative power, it constantly works over different bills. At the same time RAU realizes the research orders of the Administration of President, of regional authorities, of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, of the Defence Ministry, of The Federal Security Service. Now the foundation is rather political organization of moderate nationalist type than a “think tank”. 17) “THE CENTER OF THE APPLIED POLITICAL STUDIES INDEM (INFORMATICS FOR DEMOCRACY)” “The Center” was founded in 1990 and functions as a public organization. Its director is Georgy Satarov, ex-aid of the President. “The Center” is engaged in mathematical modelling of the Russian political development, in the sociological analysis of mass political consciousness. «The Center» has close ties with The Administration of President and plays active role during elections. 18) “THE CENTER OF ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL STUDIES” (EPICENTER). EPIcenter is founded in 1990 as a public organization. The Chairman of its Council is Grigory Yavlinsky - the leader of the liberal faction “Yabloko” («The Apple») of the State Duma and Chairman of the All-Russian public union with the same name. Among the leaders of EPIcenter are Mikhail Zadornov (vice-premier of the government of the Russian Federation), Tatyana Yarygina (ex-minister), Alexey Mikhailov (deputy of Duma). EPIcenter has its filials in several largest cities of Russia. The main task of EPIcenter is to provide scholar and analytical basis for the political activities of “Yabloko”. At the same time expertize of EPIcenter is used by different state structures of Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, regional authorities in Russia, big corporations. 27 19) “THE CENTER OF ETHNIC-POLITICAL AND REGIONAL STUDIES” (TSEPRI). The Center is established in 1991 with the help of E.Shevardnadze. Since 1993 it functions as a joint stock company of the closed type. The sphere of research-ethnic-political, regional, ethnic and some other group interactions, social and political monitoring. The director of TsEPRI is Emil Pain, councilor of the President and member of the Presidential Council. “The Center” realizes following programs: 1.
State policy of Russia in the zones of ethnic-political and regional conflicts on the territory of ex-Soviet Union: analysis of long-term aims and of possible changes in the state policy of the Russian leadership towards conflicts in Russia and between the states-members of CIS.
2.
Refugies as a factor of nonstability: the study of the adaptation of refugies from different macroregions of post-USSR and of potential hearths (hotbeds) of social tension in the regions of the refugies’ concentration. 3.
the influence onto changes into ethnic and demographic situation in the country of the factors connected with social and economic reforms, migrations, and long-term shifts in the reproduction of population. 4.
Political stability and oil problems in the Caspean region: analysis of the connections between different variants of the development of geopolitical situation in Caucasus and the Central Asia, on the one hand, and the prospects of exploitation of oil and gas resources in the Caspean region, on the other hand. “The Center” cooperates actively with The Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. 28 Bibliography 1.
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