Teaching materials: adopting and adapting

Determine the Type of Adaptation.
During the material preparation, 
teachers have evaluated the selected 
materials and once the possible problem 
areas are recognized, the type of format 
adaptation must be considered. Generally, 
format adaptations can be made by:
1. Altering existing materials - Rewrite, 
reorganize, add to, or recast, the 
information, e.g. leave out things deemed 
inappropriate, irrelevant, unproductive; 
simplify the language (words and sentence 
structures); reorder and combine activities.
This helps to make the classroom 
teaching more smooth and cohesive. It 
also helps the teacher to better fulfill the 
aims of a unit and the students can access 
the 
regular 
curriculum 
material 
independently, e.g., prepare a study guide 
and audiotape,
2. Mediating existing materials - 
provide additional instructional support, 
guidance, and direction to the students in 
the use of the materials. Alter the 
instruction to mediate the barriers 
presented by the materials so that the 
students can be directly led to interact 
with the materials in different ways. For 
example, have students survey the 
reading material, collaboratively preview 
the text, and create an outline of the 
material to use as a study guide.
3. Selecting alternate materials - 
Select new materials that are more 
relevant to the needs of students with 
disabilities or are inherently designed to 
compensate for learning problems. For 
example, use an interactive computer 
program that cues critical ideas, reads text, 
inserts graphic organizers, defines and 
illustrates words, presents and reinforces 

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วารสารวิชาการ สถาบันเทคโนโลยีแห่งสุวรรณภูมิ 
642 
learning in smaller increments, and 
provides more opportunities for practice 
and cumulative review.