Toxicological Profile for Plutonium

xix 
PLUTONIUM 
LIST OF FIGURES
 
3-1.  Levels of Significant Exposure to Plutonium – Inhalation................................................................. 42  
3-2.  Conceptual Representation of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model for a  
Hypothetical Chemical Substance ......................................................................................................90  
3-3.  Compartment Model to Represent Particle Deposition and Time-Dependent Particle Transport  
in the Respiratory Tract ......................................................................................................................93  
3-4.  Reaction of Gases or Vapors at Various Levels of the Gas-Blood Interface......................................96  
3-5.  The Human Respiratory Tract Model:  Absorption into Blood........................................................100  
3-6.  Schematic Representation of the ICRP (1994a) Model of Plutonium Biokinetics in Humans ........104  
3-7.  ICRP (1994a) Model Simulation of Elimination of an Absorbed Plutonium Dose  
(e.g., Intravenous) from the Body in Infants, Children, and Adults .................................................106  
3-8.  Schematic Representation of the Luciani and Polig (2000)  Model of Plutonium Biokinetics  
in Humans.........................................................................................................................................108  
3-9.  Schematic Representation of the First Institute of Biophysics (FIB) Model of Plutonium 
Biokinetics in Humans......................................................................................................................111  
3-10.  Schematic Representation of the Leggett et al. (2005) Model of Plutonium Biokinetics  
in Humans.......................................................................................................................................115  
3-11.  Existing Information on Health Effects of Plutonium....................................................................137  
4-1.  
238
Pu Decay Series ............................................................................................................................151  
4-2.  
239
Pu Decay Series ............................................................................................................................152  
6-1.  Frequency of NPL Sites with Plutonium and Selected Isotopes Contamination..............................158  

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PLUTONIUM 
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xxi 
PLUTONIUM 
LIST OF TABLES 
3-1.  Selected Exposure Details from the ITRI and PNL Dog Studies and Conversion Procedures 
Used to Compare Initial Lung Burden in Common Units of kBq/kg Body Weight ........................... 24  
3-2.  Summary of Human Epidemiology Studies of Health Effects of Plutonium ..................................... 27  
3-3.  Levels of Significant Exposure to Plutonium – Inhalation ................................................................. 37 
3-4.  Genotoxicity of Plutonium In Vivo..................................................................................................... 67  
3-5.  Genotoxicity of Plutonium In Vitro.................................................................................................... 68  
3-6.  Reference Respiratory Values for a General Caucasian Population at Different Levels of  
Activity ............................................................................................................................................... 94  
3-7.  Reference Values of Parameters for the Compartment Model to Represent Time-dependent 
Particle Transport from the Human Respiratory Tract Part A ............................................................ 97  
3-7.  Reference Values of Parameters for the Compartment Model to Represent Time-dependent 
Particle Transport from the Human Respiratory Tract Part B ............................................................ 98  
3-8.  Parameters of ICRP (1994a) Model of Plutonium Biokinetics in Humans ...................................... 102  
3-9.  Comparison of Parameters of ICRP (1994a) Model and Luciani and Polig (2000) Model of  
Plutonium Biokinetics in Humans .................................................................................................... 109  
3-10.  Parameters of the First Branch of the First Institute of Biophysics (FIB-1) Biokinetic 
Plutonium Model ............................................................................................................................ 113  
3-11.  Parameters of Leggett et al. (2005) Model of Plutonium Biokinetics in Humans .......................... 116  
4-1.  Chemical Identity of Plutonium and Selected Plutonium Compounds ............................................ 146  
4-2.  Physical and Chemical Properties of Plutonium and Selected Plutonium Compounds ................... 148  
4-3.  Radiological Properties of Plutonium Isotopes ................................................................................ 150  
6-1.  Common Metric Prefixes .................................................................................................................. 160  
7-1.  Analytical Methods for Determining Plutonium in Biological Materials ........................................ 197  
7-2.  Analytical Methods for Determining Plutonium in Environmental Samples ................................... 202  
8-1.  Regulations, Advisories, and Guidelines Applicable to Plutonium and Plutonium Compounds..... 208  
8-2.  Radionuclide Carcinogenicity—Slope Factors for Plutonium (Federal Guidance Report No. 13  
Morbidity Risk Coefficients, in Units of Picocuries) ....................................................................... 213  

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