Zaza anCabaZe evropuli saqarTvelo
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591 misaRebad, giorgi saakaZis msgavsad, magram, alaverdixanma yvela SemTxvevaSi moaxerxa uaris Tqma, Cveulebriv, avadmyofobis gamo. mas da mis qristian meuRles ukavSirdeba bevri Senobis, kargad cnobili ispahanis Isfahan ocdacametTaRiani xidis aSeneba, romelic dRemde inarCunebs mis saxels. qarTveli avtorebis mixedviT, cifri 33 saidumlod dakavSirebulia qarTul anbanTan. Sah abasma gamoavlina pativiscema da siyvaruli mis mimarT, roca piradad uxelmZRvanela mis dakrZalvas meSxedSi 1613 w. da estumra xanis saxls meore dRes, raTa miesamZimrebina misi ojaxisTvis. imam-yuli xan undilaZe ImamQuli Khan Undiladze, alaverd xanis vaJi, mamis sikvdilis Semdeg, 1613 wels, Sah abasma daniSna farsis da sxva provinciebis mmarTvelad. rogorc sefevidebis mefisnacvali, imam yuli xanma mniSvnelovani roli iTamaSa portugaliis Zalauflebis SesustebaSi sparseTis yureSi (iskandar begi, gv. 61416) da gaaZeva isini axlandel bandarabasidan Bandare Abbas. sparseTis yureSi inglisis aRmosavleT indoeTis English East India kompaniis gemebis Semosvlam. Sah abass misca Sansi portugalielebi aseve gaeZevebina qemadan da hormuzidan Qeæm and Hormuz, radgan Sahs sWirdeboda gemebi, armia rom gadaeyvana am kunZulebze. ingliselebi ar Tanxmdebodnen Sahis jarebis gadayvanaze da imamyuli xani daemuqra, rom CamoarTmevda savaWro privilegiebsa da ar darTavda qarxnebis gaxsnis nebas iranSi, rac inglisis aRmosavleT indoeTis kompanias gadasca Sah abasma 1615 wels (belani, gv. 261; saori, gv. 195). kombinirebuli operacia warmatebuli aRmoCnda da iranma moipova sazRvao gzebze gavlis SesaZlebloba. Seiqmna poemebi imamyulis warmatebis aRsaniSnavad. misi Zma da vaJi daniSnes iranis provinciebis mmarTvelebad. amiris simdidre iseTi iyo, rom erTxel Sahma xumrobiT uTxra: `imam yuli, me gTxov, rom dReSi erTi dirhamiT naklebi daxarjo, rom mcire gansxvaveba mainc iyos xanisa da mefis xarjebSi!~ (malkolmi Malcolm, gv. 382). 1633 wels, Sah abasis sikvdilis Semdeg, imam yuli xani imam yuli xanis Zegli, 1990 w. xidi ispahanSi
592 da misi sami vaJi ojaxebTan erTad Sida intrigebis msxverplni gaxdnen, radgan abasis memkvidre, Sah sefi, qarTvelebis sxva jgufis xosro mirza bagrationis mxardaWeriT sargeblobda. magram zogi avtori aRniSnavs, rom yvelaferi ase martivadac ar iyo. Worebis mixedviT, Sah abasi zogjer misi haramxanidan ugzavnida qalebs vezir alaverdi xans. ambobdnen, rom erTi qali orsulad darCa da undilaZis ojaxma ganizraxa, rom es bavSvi yofiliyo Sahi, Sah sefis nacvlad. rostomi an rustam xan bagrationi (xosro mirza) Rostom or Rustam Khan (Khosrow Mirza) Bagrationi (15651658 ww.) sparseTis Sahma qarTlis mefed dasva 1633 wels. is iyo daud xanis ukanono vaJi, gamahmadianebuli daviT XIis SviliSvili, mefe simonis Zma. man male miipyro Sah abasis yuradReba da 1618 wels dainiSna (aseve giorgi saakaZis mxardaWeriT) dedaqalaqis, ispahanis prefeqtad. 1625 wlidan 1626 wlamde monawileoba miiRo saqarTveloSi winaaRmdegobis aRkveTaSi: igi meTaurobda marabdis brZolaSi marjvena flangs da sparseTis armiis nawili gadaarCina srul ganadgurebas qarTvelebis mier, qsanTan brZolaSi. 1626 wels xosro mirza saqarTvelodan ukan gaiwvies da Sahis dacvis yulis Quli meTaurad daniSnes. 1630 wels sikvdilis sarecelze mwoliare abasma daafica, rom daecva misi SviliSvili, momavali Sah sefi, romelsac xosro patiosnad emsaxureboda. 1630 wels is uZRveboda sparseTis armias, romelmac daamarcxa osmalTa Zalebi da aiRo baRdadi. jildod, 1633 wels is iqna daniSnuli mSobliur qarTlSi 67 wlis asakSi. man miiRo saxeli rustami da saqarTveloSi movida mravalricxovani sparseTis armiiT. man male daamyara kontroli qarTlze da yvela ZiriTad cixesimagreSi spraseTis Zalebi Caayena. amas mohyva mSvidobisa da ayvavebis periodi, qalaqebi da qveynebi aRorZinda, bevri udabnod qceuli adgili kvlav dasaxlda da vaWroba aRmavlobisken wavida. Tumca muslimi rustami, xels uwyobda mTavari qarTuli marTlmadidebluri kaTedralis sveticxovlis aRdgenas mcxeTaSi da mfarvelobda qristianebis kulturas, mis sa TavadoSi batonobda islami da sparsuli wesebi, ramac bevri mavne aziuri zne-Cveulebebi gaavrcela saqarTveloSi, ramac sazogadoebis degradacia da mentaluri CamorCena gamoiwvia.
an Sahnavaz II George XI (Giorgi XI) Bagrationi, Gurgin Khan or Shah Nawaz II. islamze moqceuli qarTlis mefe 16761709 ww., vaxtang Vis vaJi. is yvelazed kargad cnobilia iranSi, rogorc sefevidi mebrZoli sardali ajanyebuli avRani tomebis winaaRmdeg. is mfarvelobda kaTolike misionerebs da mimowera hqonda romis papTan inokent XITan. venis gaTavisuflebam osmalebis alyisgan giorgi XIs imedi misca osmalebis Sesustebaze. inokent XIsadmi miweril werilSi, 1687 wlis 29 aprils, fici dado, rom iqneboda kaTolike mefe da gamoacxada mzadyofna
593 papis nebismieri brZanebis Sesasruleblad. kaTolike misionerebis mixedviT, giorgi farulad inarCunebda kaTolikobas sikvdilamde. man scada, Tumca amaod, moepovebina evropelebis mxardaWera sparseTis sefevidebis winaaRmdeg, magram evropas sWirdeboda Zlieri irani TurqeTis zurgs ukan da yvelanairad exmarebodnen iaraRiT Tu jaris wvrTniT. Sah suleimanamde xmebi mivida da man giorgi Tanamdebobidan gadaayena da ispahanSi moixmo 1696 wels. portugalieli despani gregorio pereira fidalgo Gregorio Pereira Fidalgo mowme iyo, Tu rogor gamoCnda gurgin xani Sahis karze ormocdaaTi sparseli jariskaciT garSemortymuli 1697 wels. fidalgos savaraudo gaTvliT, gurgin xani unda momkvdariyo sacodavad, magram ase ar momxdara. gurgin xanis energiam da vaJkacobam, aseve Sahis survilma, rom samxedro samsaxurSi hyoloda, iTamaSa roli Sahis gadawyvetilebaze da is dainiSna qermanis provinciis mmarTvelad (beglerbegad) im mizaniT, rom aRekveTa avRani beluCis Afghan Beluchi tomebis Tavdasxmebi, ramac aaoxra iranis aRmosavleTi. giorgim warmatebiT ganaxorciela misia 1700 wels ramdenime Sejaxebis Semdeg (brose Brosset, 185457 ww.). jildod, giorgi aRadgines qarTlis taxtze 1703 wels. radgan gurgin xans ar hyavda sakuTari memkvidre, man diswuli qaixosro xani Kaikhosrow Khan daasaxela qarTlis Semdeg mmarTvelad. avRanTa tomebi, mirvais xan hotakis Mirwais Khan Hotak meTaurobT, mainc ar isvenebdnen da gurgin xani kidev erTxel gagzavnes kandaharSi 1704 wels, raTa daemyarebina wesrigi. es ajanyeba gurgin xanma CaaxSo da mirvaisi gagzavna ispahanSi, rogorc Zalzed saSiSi patimari. warmoidgineT misi gaoceba, rodesac murvaisi maleve dabrunda kandaharSi gamowyobili brwyinvale sapatio mantiaSi pativisa da ndobis niSnad. sparseTis Sahi SeSinebuli iyo SesaZlo koaliciiT ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris (krusinski, 17981 gv; tardi, 32333 gv., lokarti 86 87 gv.) da amiT gamoxata mirvais, da ara gurginis, mxardaWera sparseTis samefo karze. 1709 wlis 21 aprils, rodesac qarTvelebis umravlesoba kandaharidan wasuli iyo ajanyebulebze Tavdasasxmelad, mirvaisma dapatiJa gurgini nadimze qalaqgareT. aq stumrebi mdidruli TefSebidan Wamdnen da Zlieri RviniT umaspinZldebodnen. im dros mirvaisma gangmira gurgini da misma mxleblebma ki daxoca qarTuli eskorti. man ispahanSi gagzavna jvari da fsalmunebi, romlebic ipoves mokluli qarTveli mmarTvelis baliSis qveS, rogorc damamtkicebeli sabuTi mis gandgomilebaze. miuxedavad amisa, avRaneTis miwebze sadamsjelo eqspedicia gaigzavna, romelTac uZRvoda giorgis diswuli, qaixosro, magram es katastrofulad dasrulda 1711 wels.
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