Appendix 2-5: Rejected ecotox bibliography Excluded

Keywords: Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
Keywords: Environmental Studies English. Date revised - 2011-02-01. Last updated - 2011-10-26. DOI - OB-b46da28f-7ca1-4fff-8635mfgefd108; 14210306; 0007-4861; 1432-0800

660. Uygun, Umran; Senoz, Berrin; Oeztuerk, Serpil; Koksel, Hamit, and Uygun, Umran. Degradation of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Wheat During Cookie Processing. 2009 Nov; 117, (2): 261-264.

Rec #: 4590
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: For investigating carryover of some organophosphorus pesticide residues in the cereal food chain from grain to consumer, a study was set up on wheat bran, flour and cookies, with and without bran. Special emphasis was given to malathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl residues in cookies for better protection of consumers. Pesticide-free wheat was placed in a small-scale model of a commercial storage vessel and treated with these pesticides. The residue levels of insecticides were determined in wheat, as well as in bran, flour and cookies produced from stored wheat at various time intervals during storage. A multiresidue analysis was performed using GC-NPD and GC-MS. Malathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl residue levels were higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in wheat after 240 days of storage. MRLs established by the EC for malathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl in wheat are 8 and 3 mg kg super(-1), respectively. The residue levels of insecticides in flour samples also exceeded the MRL (2 mg kg super(-1) for both insecticides). Eight months of storage were not effective for reducing the residues in wheat to the levels below MRLs. Although, considerable amounts of the insecticides remained in the bran and flour, the cookie processing significantly reduced the concentrations in general. Chlorpyrifos-methyl was more persistent than was malathion and comparatively less degradation occurred during milling and cookie processing due to its physicochemical properties.
Keywords: Food processing
Keywords: Pesticides (organophosphorus)
Keywords: Food chains
Keywords: Physicochemical properties
Keywords: Malathion
Keywords: Models
Keywords: Triticum aestivum
Keywords: Insecticides
Keywords: Cereals
Keywords: Grain
Keywords: Consumers
Keywords: X 24330:Agrochemicals
Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts
Keywords: Flour English. Date revised - 2009-07-01. Last updated - 2011-12-14. DOI - MD-0009882168; 9454747; 0308-8146. SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Triticum aestivum; Malathion; Insecticides; Flour; Consumers; Pesticides (organophosphorus); Food chains; Models; Food processing; Physicochemical properties; Cereals; Grain

661. Vald+_s-Ram+¡rez, G.; Guti+_rrez, M.; del Valle, M.; Ram+¡rez-Silva, M. T.; Fournier, D., and Marty, J.-L. Automated resolution of dichlorvos and methylparaoxon pesticide mixtures employing a Flow Injection system with an inhibition electronic tongue: Selected Papers from the Tenth World Congress on Biosensors Shangai, China, May 14-16, 2008. 2009 Jan 1-; 24, (5): 1103-1108.

Rec #: 1640
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: An amperometric biosensor array has been developed to resolve pesticide mixtures of dichlorvos and methylparaoxon. The biosensor array has been used in a Flow Injection system, in order to operate automatically the inhibition procedure. The sensors used were three screen-printed amperometric biosensors that incorporated three different acetylcholinesterase enzymes: the wild type from Electric eel and two different genetically modified enzymes, B1 and B394 mutants, from Drosophila melanogaster. The inhibition response triplet was modelled using an Artificial Neural Network which was trained with mixture solutions that contain dichlorvos from 10êÆ4 to 0.1 ++M and methylparaoxon from 0.001 to 2.5 ++M. This system can be considered an inhibition electronic tongue. Bioelectronic tongue/ Dichlorvos/ Methylparaoxon/ Acetylcholinesterase/ Flow Injection Analysis/ Artificial Neural Networks http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566308002698

662. Van Dyk, J. Susan and Pletschke, Brett. Review on the use of enzymes for the detection of organochlorine, organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in the environment. 2011 Jan; 82, (3): 291-307.

Rec #: 980
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Pesticides are released intentionally into the environment and, through various processes, contaminate the environment. Three of the main classes of pesticides that pose a serious problem are organochlorines, organophosphates and carbamates. While pesticides are associated with many health effects, there is a lack of monitoring data on these contaminants. Traditional chromatographic methods are effective for the analysis of pesticides in the environment, but have limitations and prevent adequate monitoring. Enzymatic methods have been promoted for many years as an alternative method of detection of these pesticides. The main enzymes that have been utilised in this regard have been acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase, organophosphorus hydrolase and tyrosinase. The enzymatic methods are based on the activation or inhibition of the enzyme by a pesticide which is proportional to the concentration of the pesticide. Research on enzymatic methods of detection, as well as some of the problems and challenges associated with these methods, is extensively discussed in this review. These methods can serve as a tool for screening large samples which can be followed up with the more traditional chromatographic methods of analysis. Acetylcholinesterase/ Acid phosphatase/ Aldehyde dehydrogenase/ Alkaline phosphatase/ Organophosphorus hydrolase/ Tyrosinase http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653510011768

663. Varca, L. M. Pesticide residues in surface waters of Pagsanjan-Lumban catchment of Laguna de Bay, Philippines. 2012; 106, 35-41.

Rec #: 16360
Keywords: FATE
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: The quality of the water of Laguna de Bay is been threatened by industrial and domestic activities in its western bay and agricultural activities in its eastern bay contribute to nutrient and pesticide discharges affecting the lake. A pesticide monitoring study of surface water of the Lucban River and Salasad Creek in the Pagsanjan-Lumban watershed of Laguna de Bay showed that some of the pesticides used by farmers to protect their crops from pests are being transported in drainage water. In the Lucban River, malathion was detected throughout the monitoring period from 2007 to 2009 at concentrations ranging from 0.005 mu g/L to 3.3 mu g/L. The detections of pesticides corresponded with times of pesticide application in the field. Profenofos was detected at concentrations of 0.5-15.3 mu g/L during 2008-2009 in water of Salasad Creek. The concentrations exceeded the (WHO, 2006) recommended level of 0.1 mu g/L for single pesticide in drinking water. There was no direct relationship between total suspended sediments and concentration of pesticides present in the surface water of Lucban River and Salasad Creek. Malathion and profenofos were transported from site of application to water bodies predominantly (>60%) in the soluble (<1.2 mu m) phase. Although the concentration of malathion increased in January with increasing rainfall the trend was not consistent throughout the study period. Measures to mitigate the off-site movement of malathion and profenofos to surface water need to be implemented to protect the quality of the eastern bay of the lake. This study shows that pesticide applications to crops very close to the water bodies, a common practice in the Philippines, is responsible for contamination of the creek and river, and a first step in reducing contamination would be improve practices in the areas closest to the drainage system, perhaps by introducing a narrow (3-5 m) riparian buffer zone in which spraying in not permitted. However, this strategy would have limited effectiveness for compounds that move predominantly in a soluble phase. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ISI Document Delivery No.: 929PO ://CCC:000303078100006

664. Varca, Leonila M. Pesticide residues in surface waters of Pagsanjan-Lumban catchment of Laguna de Bay, Philippines: Assessing off-site migration of sediments and agrochemicals from agricultural/horticultural catchments in Philippines and Australia. 2012 Apr; 106, (0): 35-41.

Rec #: 1340
Keywords: FATE
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: The quality of the water of Laguna de Bay is been threatened by industrial and domestic activities in its western bay and agricultural activities in its eastern bay contribute to nutrient and pesticide discharges affecting the lake. A pesticide monitoring study of surface water of the Lucban River and Salasad Creek in the Pagsanjan-Lumban watershed of Laguna de Bay showed that some of the pesticides used by farmers to protect their crops from pests are being transported in drainage water. In the Lucban River, malathion was detected throughout the monitoring period from 2007 to 2009 at concentrations ranging from 0.005 ++g/L to 3.3 ++g/L. The detections of pesticides corresponded with times of pesticide application in the field. Profenofos was detected at concentrations of 0.5Çô15.3 ++g/L during 2008Çô2009 in water of Salasad Creek. The concentrations exceeded the (WHO, 2006) recommended level of 0.1 ++g/L for single pesticide in drinking water. There was no direct relationship between total suspended sediments and concentration of pesticides present in the surface water of Lucban River and Salasad Creek. Malathion and profenofos were transported from site of application to water bodies predominantly (>60%) in the soluble (<1.2 ++m) phase. Although the concentration of malathion increased in January with increasing rainfall the trend was not consistent throughout the study period. Measures to mitigate the off-site movement of malathion and profenofos to surface water need to be implemented to protect the quality of the eastern bay of the lake. This study shows that pesticide applications to crops very close to the water bodies, a common practice in the Philippines, is responsible for contamination of the creek and river, and a first step in reducing contamination would be improve practices in the areas closest to the drainage system, perhaps by introducing a narrow (3Çô5 m) riparian buffer zone in which spraying in not permitted. However, this strategy would have limited effectiveness for compounds that move predominantly in a soluble phase. Pesticide residues/ Surface water/ Off-site movement/ Total suspended sediments http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377411001946

665. Vargas, Roger I.; Shelly, Todd E.; Leblanc, Luc, and Pi+_ero, Jaime C. Chapter Twenty-Three - Recent Advances in Methyl Eugenol and Cue-Lure Technologies for Fruit Fly Detection, Monitoring, and Control in Hawaii. Gerald Litwack. Vitamins & Hormones: Pheromones. Volume 83 ed. Academic Press; 2010: 575-595.

Rec #: 1370
Keywords: REVIEW
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract ISSN/ISBN: 0083-6729 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0083672910830237

666. Vighi, M.; Garlanda, M. M., and Calamari, D. QSARs for Toxicity of Organophosphorous Pesticides to Daphnia and Honeybees. 1991; 109-110, 605-622.

Rec #: 920
Keywords: NO CONC,QSAR,REFS CHECKED
Call Number: NO CONC (ACP,CPYM,DCTP,DDVP,DMT,DZ,GYP,MLN,MP,PIRM,PRT,TBO,TCF,TVP), NO QSAR (ACP,CPYM,DCTP,DDVP,DMT,DZ,GYP,MLN,MP,PIRM,PRT,TBO,TCF,TVP), NO REFS CHECKED (ACP,CPYM,DCTP,DDVP,DMT,DZ,GYP,MLN,MP,PIRM,PRT,TBO,TCF,TVP)
Notes: Chemical of Concern: ACP,CPYM,DCTP,DDVP,DMT,DZ,EPRN,FNTH,GYP,MLN,MP,PIRM,PPHD,PRN,PRT,TBO,TCF,TVP

667. Violante, F G M; Bastos, L H P; Cardoso, M H W M; Rodrigues, J M; GouvăŞa, a V; Borges, C N; Santos, P R Da F; Santos, D Da S; GăłEs, H C De a; Souza, V; De SăŁO Josă©, a; Bandeira, R D C C; Cunha, V, and NăłBrega, a. Proficiency Testing for the Determination of Pesticides in Mango Pulp: a View of the Employed Chromatographic Techniques and the Evaluation of Laboratories' Performance. 2009 Oct; 47, (9): 833-839.

Rec #: 7400
Keywords: CHEM METHODS
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: The proficiency testing for determination of pesticides residues in mango pulp was the third work of the partnership established by INMETRO and INCQS/Fiocruz. Three mango pulp samples were sent to each participant laboratory, two being spiked with the pesticides and one exempt of pesticides. The added pesticides were: deltamethrin, ethion, fenitrothion, malathion, and permethrin. The evaluation of the results of the homogeneity and the stability tests, as well as the determination of the assigned value was made in agreement with ISO GUIDE 35 and ISO 13528, assuming the samples were considered homogeneous and stable for the studied period. The assigned values and the standard deviation for proficiency evaluation was calculated using the robust algorithm, according to ISO 13528, and the evaluation of the results was carried through in accordance with ABNT ISO/IEC Guide 43-1. The z-score graphs and confidence ellipse was also used in the evaluation of the results. In the evaluation carried through from the values of the z-scores, 71% of the reported results were considered satisfactory based on the results found for this index. The evaluation of the analytical viability for the determination of each pesticide and of the analytical capacity of the participant laboratories was carried through. A summarized view of the chromatographic techniques and of preparation of sample used by the participant laboratories was also carried through in this work.
Keywords: Clinical Laboratory Techniques
Keywords: 0
Keywords: Index Medicus
Keywords: Chromatography -- methods
Keywords: Pesticide Residues
Keywords: Pesticide Residues -- analysis
Keywords: Mangifera -- chemistry eng. Date completed - 2010-01-11. Date created - 2009-10-19. Date revised - 2012-12-20. Last updated - 2013-01-19. DOI - MEDL-19835699; 19835699; 1945-239X

668. Von Rumker, R.; Lawless, E. W.; Meirers, A. F.; Lawrence, K. A.; Kelso, G. L., and Horay, F. Production, Distribution, Use and Environmental Impact Potential of Selected Pesticides. 1974: 453 (NTIS/PB-238795).

Rec #: 1250
Keywords: REVIEW
Call Number: NO REVIEW (24D,24DXY,ACR,ATZ,BMC,CBF,CBL,CST,Captan,DCB,DS,DU,DZ,MB,MLN,MP,Maneb,PCP,TFN)
Notes: EcoReference No.: 45777
Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ACR,AND,ATZ,BMC,CBF,CBL,CHD,CST,Captan,DCB,DS,DU,DZ,EPRN,MB,MLN,MP,MSMA,Maneb,NaClO,PCP,PL,PRN,TFN,TX,TXP

669. Vonderheide, Anne P; Bernard, Craig E; Hieber, Thomas E; Kauffman, Peter E; Morgan, Jeffrey N; Melnyk, Lisa Jo, and Vonderheide, Anne P. Surface-to-Food Pesticide Transfer as a Function of Moisture and Fat Content. 2009 Jan; 19, (1): 97-106.

Rec #: 7870
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Transfer of pesticides from household surfaces to foods may result in excess dietary exposure in children (i.e., beyond that inherent in foods due to agricultural application). In this study, transfer was evaluated as a function of the moisture and fat content of various foods. Surfaces chosen for investigation were those commonly found in homes and included Formica super( registered ), ceramic tile, plastic, carpet, and upholstery fabric. Each surface type was sprayed with an aqueous emulsion of organophosphates, fipronil, and synthetic pyrethroids. In the first phase of the study, multiple foods (apples, watermelon, wheat crackers, graham crackers, white bread, flour tortillas, bologna, fat-free bologna, sugar cookies, ham, Fruit Roll-ups super( registered ), pancakes, and processed American cheese) were categorized with respect to moisture and fat content. All were evaluated for potential removal of applied pesticides from a Formica surface. In the second phase of the study, representative foods from each classification were investigated for their potential for pesticide transfer with an additional four surfaces: ceramic tile, plastic, upholstery, and carpet. Moisture content, not fat, was found to be a determining factor in most transfers. For nearly all surfaces, more efficient transfer occurred with increased hardness (Formica and ceramic tile). Comparatively, the polymer composition of the plastic delivered overall lower transfer efficiencies, presumably due to an attraction between it and the organic pesticides of interest.Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2009) 19, 97-106; doi:10.1038/jes.2008.6; published online 16 April 2008
Keywords: Toxicology Abstracts
Keywords: Environmental Studies English. Date revised - 2010-09-01. Last updated - 2011-11-06. DOI - OB-0ad5634d-2ce1-4a4a-bd0cmfgefd101; 13653137; 1559-0631

670. Vorob'eva, V. V.; Zarubina, I. V., and Shabanov, P. D. [Protective Effects of Metaprot and Ethomerzol in Carbophos Intoxications].

Rec #: 8460
Keywords: NON-ENGLISH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: ABSTRACT: The mechanisms of protective action of thiobenzimidazole derivatives metaprot and ethomerzol (25 and 50 mg/kg) have been studied on a model of carbophos intoxication (256.0 +/- 8.7 mg/kg) in rats. Both compounds recovered the resistance to physical loads in forced swimming test, normalized the activity of aspartate and alanine transaminases, and reduced bilirubin, creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels in the blood serum. The intoxication was accompanied with increasing concentration of malonic dialdehyde and decreasing level of recovered glutation in the blood, as well as with the signs of endogenic intoxication. Metaprot and ethomerzol diminished disorders of both the lipid peroxidation and endogenic intoxication processes. Thus, the antihypoxic, antioxidant, actoprotective, energotropic, and reparative effects of metaprot and ethomerzol have been proved. Ethomerzol was more effective than metaprot in these tests.
MESH HEADINGS: Alanine Transaminase/blood
MESH HEADINGS: Animals
MESH HEADINGS: Antioxidants/administration &
MESH HEADINGS: dosage/*therapeutic use
MESH HEADINGS: Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood
MESH HEADINGS: Benzimidazoles/administration &
MESH HEADINGS: dosage/*therapeutic use
MESH HEADINGS: Bilirubin/blood
MESH HEADINGS: Blood Urea Nitrogen
MESH HEADINGS: Creatinine/blood
MESH HEADINGS: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MESH HEADINGS: Glutathione/blood
MESH HEADINGS: Insecticides/*toxicity
MESH HEADINGS: Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
MESH HEADINGS: Liver/drug effects/metabolism
MESH HEADINGS: Malathion/*toxicity
MESH HEADINGS: Male
MESH HEADINGS: Malondialdehyde/metabolism
MESH HEADINGS: Rats
MESH HEADINGS: Rats, Wistar
MESH HEADINGS: Swimming rus

671. Vukovi-ç, Gorica; Shtereva, Deyana; Bursi-ç, Vojislava; Mladenova, Rositsa, and Lazi-ç, Sanja. Application of GCÇôMSD and LCÇôMS/MS for the determination of priority pesticides in baby foods in Serbian market: Euro-Mediterranean Symposium on Fruit and Vegetable Processing. 2012 Dec; 49, (2): 312-319.

Rec #: 830
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Babies and small children are especially sensitive population to the exposure to environmental contaminants. Their small mass and developing systems, including brain development may show adverse health effects from even low levels of contamination on a chronic or single dose case. In this paper one extraction method and two chromatographic techniques for the determination of pesticide residues in baby food were evaluated. A liquid chromatographyÇôtandem mass spectrometry technique combined with electrospray ionization (ESI), (LCÇôMS/MS) and gas chromatographyÇômass spectrometry detection (GCÇôMSD) technique were applied in the detection of 50 pesticides in baby food. So-called QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method was used as a sample preparation procedure. The recoveries were investigated at three levels (5, 10 and 50-á++g/kg) and the results obtained showed compliance with the contemporary EU requirements with a few exceptions. LOQs for most of the tested pesticides were below the EU MRLs (10-á++g/kg), except deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, phosalone and beta-cyfluthrin (LOQs were 10-á++g/kg). Both techniques were applied in the analysis of 50 samples of baby food manufactured in Serbia. Pesticide residues/ Baby food/ QuEChERS/ LCÇôMS/MS/ GCÇôMSD http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643812003052

672. Waggoner, Jenna K; Henneberger, Paul K; Kullman, Greg J; Umbach, David M; Kamel, Freya; Beane Freeman, Laura E; Alavanja, Michael Cr; Sandler, Dale P; Hoppin, Jane a, and Waggoner, Jenna K. Pesticide Use and Fatal Injury Among Farmers in the Agricultural Health Study. 2013 Feb; 86, (2): 177-187.

Rec #: 5460
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: Abstract: Purpose: To assess whether pesticide use practices were associated with injury mortality among 51,035 male farmers from NC and IA enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study. Methods: We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age and state to estimate fatal injury risk associated with self-reported use of 49 specific pesticides, personal protective equipment, specific types of farm machinery, and other farm factors collected 1-15 years preceding death. Cause-specific mortality was obtained through linkage to mortality registries. Results: We observed 338 injury fatalities over 727,543 person-years of follow-up (1993-2008). Fatal injuries increased with days/year of pesticide application, with the highest risk among those with 60+ days of pesticide application annually [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10, 3.18]. Chemical-resistant glove use was associated with decreased risk (HR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.58, 0.93), but adjusting for glove use did not substantially change estimates for individual pesticides or pesticide use overall. Herbicides were associated with fatal injury, even after adjusting for operating farm equipment, which was independently associated with fatal injury. Ever use of five of 18 herbicides (2,4,5-T, paraquat, alachlor, metribuzin, and butylate) were associated with elevated risk. In addition, 2,4-D and cyanazine were associated with fatal injury in exposure-response analyses. There was no evidence of confounding of these results by other herbicides. Conclusion: The association between application of pesticides, particularly certain herbicides, and fatal injuries among farmers should be interpreted cautiously but deserves further evaluation, with particular focus on understanding timing of pesticide use and fatal injury.
Keywords: Occupational Health And Safety
Keywords: Health & Safety Science Abstracts English. Date revised - 2013-03-01. Last updated - 2013-03-28. DOI - OB-bd1a96f6-c7fc-4ba5-8cccmfgefd108; 17681522; 0340-0131; 1432-1246

673. Walker, W. W. and Stojanovic, B. J. Acetylcholinesterase Toxicity of Malathion and Its Metabolites. 1973; 2, (4): 474-475.

Rec #: 1510
Keywords: IN VITRO
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN

674. Walmsley, Richard M. and Billinton, Nicholas. Genotoxic carcinogen or not genotoxic carcinogen? That is the question: Re: Olaharski et al., ÇŁValidation of the GreenScreen GADD45+_-GFP indicator assay with non-proprietary and proprietary compoundsÇĄ. 2009 Jan 10-; 672, (1): 17-19.

Rec #: 1490
Keywords: HUMAN HEALTH
Notes: Chemical of Concern: MLN
Abstract: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571808002982

675. Walz, Ingrid and Schwack, Wolfgang. Cutinase inhibition by means of insecticidal organophosphates and carbamates Part 2: screening of representative insecticides on cutinase activity. 2008; 226, 1135-1143.