Bonobo (Pan paniscus) Conservation Strategy 2012–2022



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5. Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank the many individuals and organizations who contributed to the develop-

ment of this conservation strategy, including Rebecca Kormos, Valentin Omasombo, Ella Outlaw 

and Anthony Rylands. The Primatology Department of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary 

Anthropology coordinated the process of collecting and archiving data from bonobo surveys, 

funded in part by a grant from the Primate Action Fund. We also thank Annette Lanjouw, Dirck 

Byler and Richard Ruggiero for their engagement throughout this conservation process, which was 

generously funded and supported by the Great Ape Programme of the Arcus Foundation and the 

United States Fish and Wildlife Service Great Ape Conservation Fund. 

6. Acronyms and Abbreviations Used

ABC 


Amis des Bonobos du Congo

ACOPRIK 


Action Communautaire pour la Protection des Primates du Kasaï

ANR  


Agence National de Renseignement

AWF 


African Wildlife Foundation

BCI 


Bonobo Conservation Initiative

CARPE 


Central African Regional Programme for the Environment

CBFP 


Congo Basin Forest Partnership

CBNRM 


Community-Based Natural Resource Management

CCWG 


Conservation Challenge Working Group

CEDAP  


Centre de Développement Agro-Pastoral de Djolu

CI 


Conservation International

COMIFAC 


Commission des Forêts d’Afrique Centrale

CoCoCongo   Coalition pour la Conservation au Congo

CoCoSi 

Comité de Coordination du Site

CREF 


Centre de Recherche en Ecologie et Foresterie

FARDC 


Armed Forces of the DRC (Forces Armées de la République Démocratique du 

Congo)

GIS 


Geographic Information System

GRASP 


Great Apes Survival Partnership

ICCN 


Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature

IUCN 


International Union for Conservation of Nature

LEM 


Law Enforcement Monitoring

MPI-EVAN 

Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

MECNT 


Ministry of the Environment, Conservation & Tourism (Ministère de l'Environnement, 

Conservation de la Nature et Tourisme)

MMT Mbou-Mon-Tour

NGO 

non-governmental organisation



NP 

national park

NTFP 

non-timber forest product



PA 

protected area




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PES 


Payment for Ecosystem Services

PERSE 


Protection de l’Ecosystème et des Espèces Rare du Sud-Est de l’Equateur

PNC 


Congolese National Police (Police Nationale Congolaise)

PSG 


Primate Specialist Group

REDD 


Reducing Emissions from Deforestation & Forest Degradation

SNP 


Salonga National Park

SOS Nature  Solidaires et Organisés pour Sauver la Nature

SSC 

Species Survival Commission



TL2 Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba

UNDP 


United Nations Development Programme

UNEP 


United Nations Environment Programme

UNESCO  


United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organisation

USAID 


United States Agency for International Development

USFWS 


United States Fish & Wildlife Service

WCBR 


Wamba Committee for Bonobo Research

WWF 


World Wide Fund for Nature

WCS 


Wildlife Conservation Society

ZSM 


Zoological Society of Milwaukee

7. Bibliography

Aveling, C., Hart, T.B. & Sionneau, J-M. (2007). Mission Conjointe de Suivi Réactif UNESCO/UICN au Site du 

Patrimoine Mondial

 Parc National de la Salonga, République Démocratique du Congo. Unpublished report, 

United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organisation & International Union for Conservation of 

Nature.

Bermejo, M., Rodríguez-Teijeiro, J.D., Illera, G., Barroso, A., Vilà, C. & Walsh, P.D. (2006). Ebola outbreak kills 



5000 gorillas. Science 314 (5805): 1564.

Blomley, T. (2011). Strengthening Communication, Cooperation and Collaboration to Benefit Bonobo 



Conservation in DR Congo. Proposals for Conservation Challenge Working Group III ‘Solutions for Better 

Integration and Collaboration Between Bonobo Conservation, Other Sectors and Global Issues’. Report to 

IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. www.primate-sg.org/bonobo/

Caillaud, D., Levréro, F., Cristescu, R., Gatti, S., Dewas, M., Douadi, M., Gautier-Hion, A., Raymond, M. & 

Ménard, N. (2006). Gorilla susceptibility to Ebola virus: The cost of sociality. Current Biology 16: R489–R491.

Cawthon Lang, K.A. (2010). Primate Factsheets: Bonobo (Pan paniscus) Conservation. http://pin.primate.wisc.

edu/factsheets/entry/bonobo/cons/

Coxe, S., Rosen, N., Miller, P. & Seal, U. (2000). Bonobo Conservation Assessment November 21–22, 1999, 

Kyoto University Primate Research Institute, Inuyama, Japan: Workshop Report. IUCN/SSC Conservation 

Breeding Specialist Group, Apple Valley, MN.

Dupain, J. & van Elsacker, L. (2001). The status of the bonobo (Pan paniscus) in the Democratic Republic of 

Congo. In: All Apes Great and Small, Vol. 1: African Apes. B.M.F. Galdikas, N. Erickson Briggs, L.K. Sheeran, 

G.L. Shapiro & J. Goodall (eds.). Kluwer Academic, Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 57–74.

Dupain, J., Nackoney, J., Kibambe, J-P., Bokelo, D. & Williams, D. (2009). Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape. 

In: The Forests of the Congo Basin – State of the Forest 2008. C. de Wasseige, D. Devers, P. de Marcken, 

R. Eba’a Atyi, R., Nasi & P. Mayaux (eds.). Publications Office of the European Union, Luxemburg, pp. 

329–338.

Fitzherbert, E.B., Struebig, M.J., Morel, A., Danielsen, F., Bruhl, C.A., Donald, P.F. & Phalan, B. (2008). How will 

oil palm expansion affect biodiversity? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23: 538–545.

Fruth, B., Williamson, E.A. & Richardson, M. (2013). Bonobo Pan paniscus. In: Handbook of the Mammals of the 



World Volume 3: Primates. R.A. Mittermeier, A.B. Rylands & D.E. Wilson (eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 

Spain, pp. 853–854.

Fruth, B., Benishay, J.M., Bila-Isia, I., Coxe, S., Dupain, J., Furuichi, T., Hart, J., Hart, T., Hashimoto, C., 

Hohmann, G., Hurley, M., Ilambu, O., Mulavwa, M., Ndunda, M., Omasombo, V., Reinartz, G., Scherlis, J., 

Steel, L. & Thompson, J. (2008). Pan paniscus. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org 



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