Contemporary Problems of Social Work Современные проблемы социальной работы academic journal

45
VOLUME 2, No. 1, 2016
Number working in the electrotechnical industry makes 310,8 thousand people.
The electrical equipment of Russia is a turbo and hydrogenerators, the high-voltage 
equipment and transformers, power semiconductor devices, the low-voltage equipment and 
control systems, the main electric locomotives, electric motors and light sources, accumulators 
and large electrotechnical furnaces, wires, cables, goods of a household purpose, and they are 
only 35 thousand names of products.
Municipal services
15%
Transport complex
9%
Toplevno-
energetichesky 
complex
20%
Defensive industry
12%
Agricultural 
industry. Complex
19%
Figure 1.
 The Scheme of Distribution of the Electrotechnical Equipment 
in the Market of Russia
The electrotechnical industry delivers the equipment practically in all branches of economy 
and the social sphere.
In a scope of electrotechnical production for each consumer capital construction and repair 
and operational needs – 48%, a complete set of machine-building production – 38%, personal 
consumption of the population – 10% and other areas – 4% (fig. 2) are characteristic.
The general strategic directions of development of electrotechnical branch are as follows.
Personal 
consumption
10%
Other areas
4%
Capital 
construction and 
repair needs
48%
Mechanical 
engineering
industry complete 
set
38%
Figure 2.
 The Scheme of Distribution of Consumption 
of Electrotechnical Production

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46
CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL WORK
The nomenclature of its production totals hundreds of thousands names and standard sizes. 
Products of the electrotechnical industry are various on seriality of production, a power range 
and mass-dimensional characteristics: they are issued power from unit of milliwatts to millions 
of kilowatts, weight – from several tens grams to hundreds of tons. Between quantity of the 
electric power consumed in the country and production of electrotechnical products there is a 
close and natural interrelation.
So, according to the American association of producers of electric equipment (NEMA), 
increase in demand for the electric power in 1 GW demands increase in a total generating power 
of the power plants by 1,14 GW, in addition 160 GW are lovelier than transmission lines, 4,5 GVA 
transformers and 13,6 GW of power switches [2].
Thus, decrease in electricity consumption causes reduction in production of electrotechnical 
products.
In the Russian Federation annual electricity consumption in 1986 – 2000 decreased with 
1082,2 to 878 billion kWh., that is almost on a quarter. During this period production of 
electrotechnical products of industrial function decreased almost half that is explained also by 
reduction of a share of electrotechnical products the branch market, that is replacement of a 
domestic production import.
Since 2010 some revival in electricity generation that led to steady increase in production in 
the electrotechnical industry (tab. 1) began.
Table 1
Indexes of Industrial Production on Industries 
(in % to previous year)
Branches
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
All industry
89,3
107,3
105,0
103,4
100,4
101,7
Including: power industry
97,3
102,2
100,2
101,3
97,5
99,9
mechanical engineering
66,8
115,2
111,1
102,7
96,6
92,2
Including, electrotechnical branch
68,4
118,9
111,9
106,4
99,0
99,5
Apparently from the table, between electricity generation and electrotechnical products 
quite close dependence: falling of electricity generation was the main reason for decrease in an 
index of production in the electrotechnical industry.
Other reason of decrease in production in the studied branch – impact of the competition: 
in the 1990th years on the market of electrotechnical products nothing the limited stream of 
import products literally rushed.
During this period domestic market unprotected by the state electrotechnical production 
literally I fell off that led to closing, reorientation, bankruptcy etc. not only many small 
electrotechnical enterprises, but also large, and respectively – to sharp reduction of outputs 
on them.
The existing problems of dynamics of the Russian economy in a section of the mechanism of 
a sustainable development of the enterprises of the industry show that at the end of the 20th 
century the share of all industry of the Russian Federation in the world market made about 20%, 
and now no more than 1,5%.
The enterprises of the industry of Russia can't deliver competitive production to the world 
market in no small measure because of considerable degree of wear of the equipment.
Average degree of wear of the equipment of the enterprises makes 50,3%, and in some 
branches of economy, reaches also big sizes (fig. 3).

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47
VOLUME 2, No. 1, 2016
57
53,1
52,5
51,6
50,7
49,9
49,9
48,8
Production of electric equipment
Chemical production
Production of cars and equipment
Textile and sewing production
Production of foodstuff
Production of oil products
Production of skin and products from skin
Production rubber and plstmasovykh of products
Figure 3.
 Level of Wear of the Equipment on Branches of Production
The electrotechnical branch continues to be in deep crisis: process of aging of the fixed business 
assets (FBA) which wear in 2014 made 63% proceeds. Specific weight of cars and the equipment 
with age more than 20 years increased from 9,5% in 1992 to 63,5% in 2014. The share of the 
new equipment which served till 5 years decreased for this period from 35% to 6,1%, and degree 
of wear reached 51,2%. The domestic enterprises of the electrotechnical industry in the majority 
are equipped with physically worn-out and obsolete equipment that doesn’t allow to make the 
competitive production necessary for equipment of cars, mechanisms and units of other branches 
of economy and life.
Though wear of the equipment is also considerable, but sinking funds of the enterprises 
sometimes have no the money allocated for modernization. The high world prices for energy 
resources thanks to which export the income of the budget of the Russian Federation increased 
with 2369,2 in 1992 to 14496,8 billion rubles in 2014, allowed to carry out the diversification of 
economy of the Russian Federation necessary for its sustainable development [23].
Though it also didn’t occur, but dynamics of coefficients of updating and leaving of fixed 
assets of the enterprises, in particular, in manufacturing industry allows to hope for the 
optimistic scenario of development (fig. 4).
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2005
2010
2011
2013
Updating coefficient
Leaving coefficient
Figure 4.
 Coefficient of Updating and Leaving of Fixed Assets in Manufacturing Industry, 
in % of Funds at last 2014
It should be noted that independently it is difficult to satisfy demand in the modern 
equipment to the enterprises of the Russian Federation. Dynamics of an index of production of 
the equipment in 20 years (fig. 5) testifies to it.
In export the share of cars and the equipment decreases. In the CIS countries this share 
decreased from 30% – in 2000 to 20% in 2011 Russia positions itself in the world market as the 
power, but crises (in particular, 2014) show vulnerability unilaterally of developed economies [4].

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