Contemporary Problems of Social Work Современные проблемы социальной работы academic journal

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VOLUME 2, No. 1, 2016
–  the “House”: providing apartments rent, the financial support in the form of bank interest 
repayment on mortgage credit, the residence providing on the terms of commercial rent contract, 
during the period of employment in a company.
These measures make possible to increase the public trust level, which potentially motivates 
employees to more effectively work. The motivation –is a popular enterprise management 
tool; the positive image of the company allows to attract extra-specialized professionals, that 
ensures a stable development of the company.
However, changing quantity of employees is a characteristic of the current economic 
situation in the industry. Reducing the number of employees is one of the measures of reducing 
costs, in case of rapid demand deficit on manufactured product.
The main wave of dismisses at the enterprises of industry was in 2008-2009, so serious employees’ 
number decrease should be able only in case of new economic problems in the country.
In general, the salary at enterprises in this sector of industry corresponds to the average 
salary index level in the region of production placement.
In 2014, the average monthly salary in the company “Uralvagonzavod” amounted to 
32842 rubles. (+ 8.5% in 2013). The level of salary in the Sverdlovsk Region is 29744 rubles. At 
the “Altaivagon” the indicator level decreased by 8.5% to the previous period. (Table 1).
Table 1
Employees’ Dynamic and Monthly Average Salary in 2013-2014
Period
Average number of employees, peoples
Monthly average salary, thousand rub.
JSC «UVZ»
JSC «Altaiwagon»
JSC «UVZ»
JSC «Altaiwagon»
2013
30480
8202
30254
27479
2014
30954
7269
32842
25310
4. Discussion
The study revealed economic needs in qualitatively new rolling stock with improved 
characteristics. The argument of the government support of the industry consists mainly in 
the positive effect from these investments. The manufacturing companies are able to set up 
high demanded products manufacturing, that providing the tendency of increasing economic 
efficiency of production indicators, thus obtains the competitive advantages and access to new 
segments of the transport market.
By the quality of shipment services increasing, the indicators of using rolling stock are going 
up; the number of unused wagons in downtime and waiting for pickup operations were reduced. 
The railways get updated rolling stock, providing shippers' needs satisfaction.
The economic crisis has revealed the potential weaknesses in the wagon manufacturers’ 
strategic plans. The influence of external environmental terms on production sphere was 
underestimated, including the government factor.
In situation of external environment uncertainty were specified the strategic objectives, 
generated the risks system and clarified the ways of risk management:
–  the market risk: changes in primary stock prices, materials, changes in demand on product; 
need to increase customer base, revise part of innovative production,
–  the currency risk: expressed in currency rate changes, take place as a result of losses due to 
exchange rate differences in contracts; reduced by minimizing the amount of foreign exchange 
contracts or fixing the exchange rate,
–  the financing risk: changes in capital raising rates by creditors; minimized by change the 
terms of contracts, or compensated by increasing selling prices,
–  the liquidity risk: deficit of funds in the short or long period; requires increase the part of 
long-time sources of funding in total funds,

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CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL WORK
– the tax risk: the cancellation of tax concessions and subsidies; requires attention to 
document control, collaboration and coordination with the relevant administrative authorities,
–  the risk of competitive advantage: the loss of the benefits in case of appearance on the 
market competitors with similar quality products at a lower price; need to invest in scientific 
researches, licensing of innovative production,
– the government regulation: reducing administrative support, changing in political 
situation in the country; reduced by participation in industry associations, cooperation with 
Russian Railways Company.
At the same time the risks, which directly connected with freight wagons production, can 
be avoided by diversifying the companies’ activities to the sphere of operation services and 
wagons leasing. According to the experience of “United Wagon Company” it seems obviously, 
that demand on new rolling stock is high and stable, besides an unstable economic situation of 
recent years, so the company’s activity in this segment has improved the efficiency of freight 
wagons production.
5. Conclusion
To hold a stable competitive position in the rolling stock production market, the companies’ 
needs to expand more resources to produce the innovative production, what in the terms of 
negative influence of the external environment requires the implementation of measures, that 
capable to reduce costs of the production and financial activities.
The government support, needed to enterprises in the next period of time, will reduce the 
negative impact of external factors on production, thus allows the accelerated enterprise 
development, the modernization and implementation of innovations. In the long term, on the 
basis of these investments, an old rolling stock fleet with expired lifetime will be replaced by 
new fleet with improved features, which could provide the required shipment capacity.
In terms of ensuring of the rolling stock manufacturers effective activity and development, 
the big potential has a sphere of transport services. The most attractive directions in this 
area are:
–  the technical services – repair and modernization activities,
–  the rolling stock operators creation, which engage in shipment based on using their own 
manufactured products,
–  the creation of companies, that realize operational leasing services by using manufactured 
products.
Each of these directions has certain risks, however, the total economic benefit and 
competitive advantages allows to realize such projects at the real market, that’s why in this 
moment the majority of wagon building companies already has service centers, that producing 
parts for repair and rolling stock modernization. In condition of available stable customers’ 
base, the leasing operations and shipping activities with own rolling stock would be effectively.
References
1.  Amendments to the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation (2008), RF Government 
Decree of 22.11.2008 № 1734.
2.  Analysis of the Market of Services in The Sphere Of Cargo Transportation (2009), Report of the 
Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia, Retrieved 15 February, 2016 from http://fas.gov.ru/
analytical-materials/analytical-materials_8382.html.
3.  Analytical Bulletin, Engineering: Trends and Forecasts Issue № 13 of the results of 2013, 
Retrieved 20 February, 2016 from http://www.riarating.ru/.
4.  Annual and Accounting (financial) Statements of JSC “Uralvagonzavod” for 2013 and 2014, 
Center Corporate Disclosure, Retrieved 25 February, 2016 from http://e-disclosure.ru/portal/
files.aspx?id=19616&type=2.
5.  Annual and Accounting (financial) Statements of JSC “Altaivagon” for 2013 and 2014, Center 
Corporate Disclosure, Retrieved 25 February, 2016 from http://e-disclosure.ru/portal/files.
aspx?id=5525&type=2.

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