Definition of Object-Oriented frbr

4.3. Referred to CIDOC CRM Classes

This section contains the complete definitions of the classes of the CIDOC CRM Conceptual Reference Model version 6.0 referred to by FRBR_OO. The properties within these class definitions which are referred to in FRBR_OO are presented in bold face. Otherwise, we apply the same format conventions as in section 2.6.

E1 CRM Entity

Superclass of: E2 Temporal Entity

E52 Time-Span

E53 Place

E54 Dimension

E77 Persistent Item
Scope note: This class comprises all things in the universe of discourse of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model.
It is an abstract concept providing for three general properties:

1. 
   Identification by name or appellation, and in particular by a preferred identifier
   
2. 
   Classification by type, allowing further refinement of the specific subclass an instance belongs to
   
3. 
   Attachment of free text for the expression of anything not captured by formal properties
   

With the exception of E59 Primitive Value, all other classes within the CRM are directly or indirectly specialisations of E1 CRM Entity.

Examples:

• 
  the earthquake in Lisbon 1755 (E5)
  

Properties:

P1 is identified by (identifies): E41 Appellation

P2 has type (is type of): E55 Type

P3 has note: E62 String

(P3.1 has type: E55 Type)

P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of): E42 Identifier

P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by): E55 Type

E2 Temporal Entity

Subclass of: Ε1 CRM Entity

Superclass of: Ε3 Condition State

E4 Period

Scope note: This class comprises all phenomena, such as the instances of E4 Periods, E5 Events and states, which happen over a limited extent in time.

In some contexts, these are also called perdurants. This class is disjoint from E77 Persistent Item. This is an abstract class and has no direct instances. E2 Temporal Entity is specialized into E4 Period, which applies to a particular geographic area (defined with a greater or lesser degree of precision), and E3 Condition State, which applies to instances of E18 Physical Thing.

Examples:

• 
  Bronze Age (E4)
  
• 
  the earthquake in Lisbon 1755 (E5)
  
• 
  the Peterhof Palace near Saint Petersburg being in ruins from 1944 – 1946 (E3)
  

Properties:

P4 has time-span (is time-span of): E52 Time-Span

P114 is equal in time to: E2 Temporal Entity

P115 finishes (is finished by): E2 Temporal Entity

P116 starts (is started by): E2 Temporal Entity

P117 occurs during (includes): E2 Temporal Entity

P118 overlaps in time with (is overlapped in time by): E2 Temporal Entity

P119 meets in time with (is met in time by): E2 Temporal Entity

P120 occurs before (occurs after): E2 Temporal Entity

E3 Condition State

Subclass of: E2 Temporal Entity

Scope note: This class comprises the states of objects characterised by a certain condition over a time-span.

An instance of this class describes the prevailing physical condition of any material object or feature during a specific E52 Time Span. In general, the time-span for which a certain condition can be asserted may be shorter than the real time-span, for which this condition held.

The nature of that condition can be described using P2 has type. For example, the E3 Condition State “condition of the SS Great Britain between 22 September 1846 and 27 August 1847” can be characterized as E55 Type “wrecked”.

Examples:

• 
  the “Amber Room” in Tsarskoje Selo being completely reconstructed from summer 2003 until now
  
• 
  the Peterhof Palace near Saint Petersburg being in ruins from 1944 – 1946
  
• 
  the state of my turkey in the oven at 14:30 on 25 December, 2002 (P2 has type: E55 Type “still not cooked”)
  

Properties:

P5 consists of (forms part of): E3 Condition State

E4 Period

Subclass of: E2 Temporal Entity

Superclass of: E5 Event

Scope note: This class comprises sets of coherent phenomena or cultural manifestations bounded in time and space.

It is the social or physical coherence of these phenomena that identify an E4 Period and not the associated spatio-temporal bounds. These bounds are a mere approximation of the actual process of growth, spread and retreat. Consequently, different periods can overlap and coexist in time and space, such as when a nomadic culture exists in the same area as a sedentary culture.

Typically this class is used to describe prehistoric or historic periods such as the “Neolithic Period”, the “Ming Dynasty” or the “McCarthy Era”. There are however no assumptions about the scale of the associated phenomena. In particular all events are seen as synthetic processes consisting of coherent phenomena. Therefore E4 Period is a superclass of E5 Event. For example, a modern clinical E67 Birth can be seen as both an atomic E5 Event and as an E4 Period that consists of multiple activities performed by multiple instances of E39 Actor.

There are two different conceptualisations of ‘artistic style’, defined either by physical features or by historical context. For example, “Impressionism” can be viewed as a period lasting from approximately 1870 to 1905 during which paintings with particular characteristics were produced by a group of artists that included (among others) Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley and Degas. Alternatively, it can be regarded as a style applicable to all paintings sharing the characteristics of the works produced by the Impressionist painters, regardless of historical context. The first interpretation is an E4 Period, and the second defines morphological object types that fall under E55 Type.

Another specific case of an E4 Period is the set of activities and phenomena associated with a settlement, such as the populated period of Nineveh.

Examples:

• 
  Jurassic
  
• 
  European Bronze Age
  
• 
  Italian Renaissance
  
• 
  Thirty Years War
  
• 
  Sturm und Drang
  
• 
  Cubism
  

Properties:

P7 took place at (witnessed): E53 Place

P8 took place on or within (witnessed): E19 Physical Object

P9 consists of (forms part of): E4 Period

P10 falls within (contains): E4 Period

P132 overlaps with: E4 Period

P133 is separated from: E4 Period