Disaster information: a bibliography

ID: 1673

Au: Jamaica. Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

Ti: Guidelines for conducting environmental impact assessment.

Pub: Kingtston; NRCA; 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1674

Au: Coke, Michelle.

Ti: Integrated coastal zone management seminar: report on seminar.

Pub: Kingston; NRCA; 1995. 102.

Co: NRCA Integrated Coastal Zone Management Seminar; Kingston, 16, Dec. 1994.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

ID: 1675

Ti: Mangrove and coastal wetlands protection.

So: Kingston; Jamaica.Natural Resources Conservation Authority. Coastal Zone Management Division; 1995. 46.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

ID: 1676

Au: Caribbean Meteorological Institute.

Ti: Monthly weather summary (part A 1995).

Pub: St. James; Caribbean Meteological Institute; 1995.

Lo: UWI, Science Library.
ID: 1677

Au: Anon.

Ti: National guide for disaster preparedness.

Pub: Castries; ISIS; 1995.

Lo: St. Lucia, Hunter J. Francois Library.
ID: 1678

Au: Phillip-Jordan, Cheryl.

Ti: Natural hazard at Portmore, Jamaica: historical analysis and vulerability.

Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies; 1995. 361.

Th: Submitted to University of the West Indies (Mona) presented for the degree M.Sc.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Main Library.

ID: 1679

Au: Halcrow & Partners Ltd.

Ti: New sanitary landfill for St. Lucia: report on site investigation at Deglos and Choc.

Pub:Castries; Ministry of Planning development and Environment, Government of St. Lucia; 1995.

Lo: St. Lucia, St. Lucia Solid Waste Management.
ID: 1680

Au: Schwab, Arnold. ed.

Ti: Pesticides in tropical agriculture: hazards and alternatives.

Pub: Weikersheim; Margraf; 1995. 281.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1681

Au: Spring, Anita.

Ti: Project on human activities and environmental contaminants in the lower Black River Morass: final report, social and policy section.

So: Miami; s.n; 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1682

Au: Jamaica. Underground Water Authority.

Ti: Rio Cobre flood plain mapping: Gordon Pen to Hunts Bay Reach.

Pub: Kingston; United Nations Development Programme; 1995. 20.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

ID: 1683

Au: Organization of American States.

Ti: Storm hazard assessment for Montego Bay, Jamaica.

Pub: s.l; s.n; 1995. 57.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

ID: 1684

Au: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed.

Ti: The natural environment - preservation and

exploration: proceedings.

Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences; 1995. 52.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences,U.W.I.(Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1685

Au: Amarakoon, A; Chen, A. A; Lodenquai, J; McTavish, J; Ray, A; Taylor M.

Ti: Exploring El Nino and flood conditions in Jamaica.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration:proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences,U.W.I.(Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: A significant correlation has been established between the occurrence of El Nino events and flood conditions in the month of May in Jamaica. An investigation is being carried out to see if there is a physical relationship between the two events. The primary tool for the investigation is an atmospheric general circulation model provided by the Center for Ocean, Land Atmospheric studies and run on the convex mini-super computer. By simulating the general circulation of the atmosphere and following the climatic events in time, it should be possible to determine if a causal relationship exists and, if so, a set of parameters, which can be used as statistical predictors, will be sought. This paper will give results of preliminary runs.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1686

Au: Miller, David J; Donovan, Stephen K.

Ti: Late Pleistocene rocky shoreline palaeoenvironments of the North Coast of Jamaica.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration:proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. p.6

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, U.W.I. (Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: Ancient rock shores (palaeorupicosts) are poorly known from the rock record, even though up to 80 percent of modern coastlines are estimated to be rocky. Only a few examples of palaeorupicosts have been reported from the Antillean region, despite the relative importance of coastlines and coastal environments for small islands. However, ancient rocky shores are probably well represented in the region, but have yet to receive adequate documentation. The present study is a description and interpretation of selected localities of ancient rocky, karstic shores of late Quaternary age exposed along the north coast of Jamaica, with the intention of documenting diverse geomorphic features in areas that are currently being developed and are thus under threat of destruction. The palaeorupicosts we describe occur: (a) at the contact between the Hopegate and Falmouth formations; and (b) in the Hopegate and Falmouth formations, that is, formed after deposition of the latter. The Hopegate formation is late Pliocene in age (circa 2 Ma) and is unconformably overlain by the last interglacial (Sangamonian) Falmouth Formation (circa 13,000 yr b.p.). Both formations are raised reef deposits, but are easily differentiated on the basis of their contrasting modes of lithification.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1687

Au: Phillip-Jordan, Cheryl.

Ti: The environmental geology of Portmore.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration:proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Science, 1995. 4.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, U.W.I.(Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: Since the late 1960's, Portmore has grown from a collection of small agricultural and fishing based villages to a dense urban settlement. This rapid growth has also meant rapid environmental changes. The relationship between man and the environment has necessarily changed, with each affecting the other. The increasing human population means increased generation of sewerage, solid waste, pollutants and water demand. Other problems focus on coastal erosion and the placing of more persons at risk from natural hazards. The problems of treatment and disposal of sewerage are quite obvious in the Portmore area, as are the inadequacies of solid waste disposal. Pollution of land, air and water occurs from unsightly garbage dumps, dust, exhaust fumes, agricultural pesticides and untreated sewerage. Water is supplied from both surface and groundwater; the latter is particularly sensitive to periods of drought. Quarrying activity in the area has provided a source of construction material since the 18th century. Visual intrusions caused by the scars on the slope of the Port Henderson Hill are visible from all points north of the hill. Technological advances have enabled man to increasingly change his environment, and to greatly influence, both positively and negatively, the natural processes that create hazards of floods, hurricanes and earthquakes. The natural process of coastal erosion also maintains a close relationship with man's activities and has caused problems in the Port Henderson area. With continuing development of the area, the inefficiencies of the activated sludge sewerage treatment plants have been realised and an alternate method of aerobic treatment ponds is being used. With passing time the efficiency of this method will be tested. Responsibility for the collection and disposal of garbage needs to be given to a single authority instead of the present situation where communities make their own arrangements or have none at all.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1688

Au: Jackson, Trevor A; West-Thomas, Jennifer.

Ti: The silica sands of Black River: past, present and future.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration: proceedings. Mona, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, U.W.I. (Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.Ab: The silica sands located on the plains of Black River are unique in that it is the only area in Jamaica where there are commercial quantities of such sand. These sands occur as small isolated exposures ranging in area from 1 hectare to 120 hectares. The sands overlie Pleistocene reefal limestones and underlie peat deposits dated at 650070 B.P. (Bertrand, 1983) Surface mining of the sands at Hodges began on a small scale in 1962, and continued until 1990 when operations were shifted to the nearby Luana deposit. The principal use of the sand is in the glass bottle industry where it is sold to West Indies Glass Company, a Kingston-based operation. The mining company anticipates that once exploitation of sand on the west side of Black River is completed, the washing plant and its other operations will have to be located to the east in the more densely populated areas of Frenchman and Punches. However, relocation may prove to be too expensive an exercise for the mining company leaving it with two options, either to terminate its operations, and thus import sand into Jamaica or explore for possible subsurface deposits in less populated areas west of the Black River nearer the plant site. Our study was undertaken to determine the origin and source of the silica sands by examining the petrography and mineralogy of the sands and the surface texture of the quartz grains that predominate in the sands. The methods applied were optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1689

Au: Green, Sean; Webber, Mona K.

Ti: A survey of the solid waste pollution in the Port Royal mangroves, Kingston Harbour, Jamaica

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment-Preservation and Exploitation: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 42

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The paper intends to highlight the problems in a small but valuable area of Kingston Harbour, the Port Royal mangroves. The focus is on the distribution and levels of floatable solid waste in the mangroves with an attempt to determine possible sources of the solid waste. The primary objective of this study was therefore to determine the quantities and distribution of domestic solid waste in the Port Royal mangroves. 10 sites were sampled on four occasions between November 1993 and January 1994 to give an indication of the spatial and temporal variation in the quantities and types of solid waste deposited in the mangroves. The results indicate that there was a very significant spatial variation in the distribution of solid waste in the mangroves, however, this was not influenced by the distance away from the point sources which were various gullies and rivers. The predominant material seen as waste was made of plastic and the category of non-mangrove wood was second with respect to abundance. Generally, the solid waste seen in all categories was predominantly made up of small or medium sized materials.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1690

Au: Baptiste, Judit.

Ti: Hydrogeologic map of the lower Yallahs Basin

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment-Preservation and Exploitation. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 37-8.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, Mar. 7-9, 1995.

Ab: Documentation and graphic presentation of the hydrogeological data collected by the research carried out for the Ph.D. thesis, "Hydrogeological Study of the Lower Yallahs Basin, St. Thomas, Jamaica, W.I." to make it available for the scientific public. This could be best carried out by producing the hydrogeologic map of the investigated region. Hydrogeologic features, characteristics and properties of any investigated region can be best summarised by the presentation of its hydrogeologic map.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1691

Au: Mendes, J. M; Risk, M. J; Schwarcz, H. P; Woodley, Jeremy D.

Ti: Stable isotopes of nitrogen as measures of marine pollution: a preliminary assay of coral tissues from Kingston Harbour to the Pedro Cays.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment - Preservation and Exploitation: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 46

Co: 2^nd Conference of Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The impact of polluted waters issuing from Kingston Harbour and neighbouring sources was studied by the Caribbean Coastal Management Study (Goodbody, 1989). Elevated levels of nitrogen and phosphorus species were detected in the water column to the south and west of the Harbour entrance, whence they were carried by the estuarine outflow and the westward flowing Caribbean current. These inorganic nutrients apparently resulted in blooms of plankton and of benthic algae along the Hellshire coast, where coral reefs were found to be severely degraded. Degradation was less in the Port Royal Cays to the south and east of the Harbour. In the present study, four coral communities were selected along an apparent gradient of pollution: at Harbour Shoal, Drunkenman's Cay, Southeast Cay, and Middle Cay on the Pedro Bank. There was a progressive increase in water transparency, and a decrease in abundance of free-living algae, between these sites. At each, six small samples were collected from specimens of the reef-building coral Montastraea annularis. They were transported, frozen, to the Dept. of Geology at McMaster University. Stable isotope abundance ratios were determined as follows: for nitrogen in the coral tissues, and for carbon and oxygen in the calcium carbonate skeletons. Corals from the four sites had significantly different levels of 15N in their tissues: enriched inshore, progressively less offshore. Skeletal 13C values were close to zero. Nitrogen isotope ratios in the Jamaican terrestrial and marine environment are not yet known, so one cannot draw firm conclusions from these data. To the extent that corals obtain their nitrogen in particulate form (by particle capture) or in solution (by direct uptake), the inshore/offshore gradient in the abundance of 15N in their tissues may reflect an input of enriched reliance, in the clearer waters offshore, on particulate and dissolved nitrogen, with relatively more input of nitrogen fixed by symbiotic bacteria (Shashar et al., 1994), which would have 15N values closer to atmospheric (zero enrichment).

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library..
ID: 1692

Au: Reid, Carla W. L; Devi Prasad, P. V.

Ti: The performance of an integrated wastewater treatment system under Jamaican conditions.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment - Preservation and Exploitation: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 41

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The concept of the use of an integrated wastewater treatment system, comprising large stabilisation ponds and constructed wetlands to treat wastewater, is very new in the Caribbean. The problems arising out of insufficient wastewater treatment resulting in serious pollution and other undesired effects is well known. Most traditional treatment systems are very expensive to operate both in financial and human terms. In Jamaica, a combination of stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands has been built to treat wastewater from a new housing scheme just west of Kingston and is the first of its kind in Jamaica. This new housing project, Greater Portmore, has been designed to accommodate 17,000 houses with an estimated population of about 70,000 - 85,000 persons. The stabilization is separated from the houses by a buffer zone of 122m. They were built to accommodate ultimately about 16 million liters of wastewater per day and have a retention time of l26 days. The stabilisation ponds have been functioning for one and half years and the wetlands are just being constructed. The present paper reports on the results obtained from the monitoring of two series of ponds [each series containing two facultative ponds and two maturation ponds] over a period of one year. The ponds were monitored fortnightly and samples were collected at five points, viz. the influent coming into pond 1 from the pumping station and through the grit chamber, effluent from pond 1 to 1, 2 to 3, 3 to 4 and the final effluent. Parameters monitored were pH, BOD5, ammonia, nitrates, phosphates and suspended solids. All the methods employed were adopted from Adams [1991]. Results have shown that there is a reduction in solid content, nutrient levels and BOD5. For the year 1993, there was 41 percent reduction in BOD5 through the pond system. The effluent shows that phosphates, nitrates and ammonia were reduced to lmg/L each. These results show the usefulness of large pond systems for wastewater treatment and pollution control under the Jamaican environmental conditions.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1693

Au: Robinson, Dwight E; Mansingh, Ajai; Dasgupta, Tara.

Ti: Management of pesticide residues in Jamaica: run-off and leaching of endosulfan in weeded and unweeded slopes of the Blue Mountains.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 28-9.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: Endosulfan is used extensively for the control of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari in coffee plantations in the Blue Mountain watersheds. The residues eventually run-off to rivers and sea coast contaminating sediment, water and aquatic fauna (Mansingh, 1993); Mansingh et al, 1994;Mansingh and Wilson, 1995). The residues in fishes and shrimp are often beyond their tolerance levels (Mansingh and Robinson, 1994). The vertical leaching and run-off of endosulfan residues at slopes of 23o and 38o, from a Blue Mountain plantation with Cuffy Gully Gravelly Sandy Loam soil, was studied in weeded and unweeded plots with the aim of utilizing weeds for the management of residues and erosion of residue-adsorbed soil particles.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1694

Au: Sahota, John T. S.

Ti: Environmental impact assessments: some principles and issues relating to the Bahamas.

So: Bahamas Journal of Science; 1(2):13-6, Feb.1994.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1695

Au: Carew, James L; Mylroie, John E.

Ti: Geology of the Bahamas.

So: Bahamas Journal of Science; 2(3):2-16, Jun.1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1696

Au: Watts, David.

Ti: Environmental degradation, the water resource and sustainable development in the Eastern Caribbean.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(1):2-15, Mar.1995.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 2; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1994.

Ab: This paper considers the link between increasing environmental degradation and the continued diminution in the water resource of many Caribbean islands. The climatic influences on developments are considered in relation to crop growth and crop failures, and in relation to seasonal variations in precipitation and periodic drought. The effects of global warming on sustainable development within these territories are further considered. The paper also considers the problem of soil loss and soil degradation. The subsequent lowering of the water table is considered in relation to the rising overall demand for water.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1697

Au: Conway, Dennis; Lorah, Paul.

Ti: Environmental protection policies in Caribbean small islands: some St. Lucian examples.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(1):16-27, Mar.1995.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 2; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1994.

Ab: This examination of the contemporary situation in St. Lucia seeks to uncover the challenges posed by the confrontation of development and environmental conservation goals, when dealing with issues of Coastal Zone Management. Firstly, a policy-guiding framework is introduced as a mediating mechanism in an acceptable narrative form in order to brief donor-agencies like the USAID on an acceptable

model of institutional mechanisms likely to meet the goals of sustainable development and environmental conservation in small islands. The narrated model advocate 'stake-holder, self management 'and 'co-management' principles as its basis. To substantiate and learn from particular local grassroot initiatives, the genesis and institutional maturing of three interrelated recent co-management projects are examined, where local, national and international conditions appears to be making progress towards the successful implementation of environmental programmes and conservation efforts in the coastal zones of St. Lucia. The successful ingredients so identified are expected to serve as primary inputs to the larger project's policy-guiding framework and resultant brief. At the same time, caution needs to be expressed due to the lack of awareness of the gravity of environmental issues at political and local levels.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1698

Au: Lorah, Paul.

Ti: Unsustainable path: tourism's vulnerability to environmental decline in Antigua.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(1):28-39, Mar.1995.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 2; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1994.

Ab: In Antigua, environmental degradation caused by colonial plantation agriculture is currently exacerbated by short-sighted development goals and governmental mismanagement. The result is a highly eroded natural resource base and increasing economic vulnerability. Just as a colonial legacy of environmental hastened the collapse of agricultural sector, current degradation of Antigua's coastal zones threatens tourism. Policies attempting to address this economic vulnerability have largely ignored environmental conservation. Instead, they focus on strengthening the economy by promoting offshore banking and light manufacturing. This type of economic diversification is necessary, but not sufficient. Recent growth in banking and manufacturing has stagnated, and these sectors should not be counted on to offset potential declines in tourism revenues caused by coastal degradation. In the absence of strong effort to protect and improve the coastal and marine environment, Antigua in on an unsustainable development path.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.