Faà di Bruno, Giovanni Matteo [Horatio, Orazio] 83

Frimmel, Theodor von

(b Amstetten, 15 Dec 1853; d Vienna, 25 Dec 1928). Austrian music scholar. He trained as a doctor of medicine in Vienna, graduating in 1879, but had already begun to turn his attention to the history of art and music. During his student years and in the years immediately afterwards, he made extensive study tours in Germany, Italy, France and the Netherlands, working in between at the Österreichisches Museum für Kunst und Industrie (1881–3). His only full-time appointment was as assistant curator of the Vienna Hofmuseum (1884–93), a post which he gave up in order to devote himself more thoroughly to his Beethoven studies; in later life he taught art history at the Vienna Athenäum and was director of the Gräflich Schönborn-Wiesentheidschegalerie. His interests and talents were happily united in his work on Beethoven biography and iconography, although he never succeeded in drawing his detailed studies together into a major work, with the exception of the Beethoven-Handbuch (1926). He was the editor of the short-lived Beethoven Jahrbuch (1908–9). After his death his papers, amounting to more than 20,000 items, were acquired by the Beethoven Archiv in Bonn.

WRITINGS

Beethoven und Goethe (Vienna, 1883)

Neue Beethoveniana (Vienna, 1888, enlarged 3/1905–6 as Beethovenstudien)

Josef Danhauser und Beethoven (Vienna, 1892)

Beethovens Wohnungen in Wien (Vienna, 1894)

Handbuch der Gemäldekunde (Leipzig, 1894, 2/1904)

‘Ritratti e caricature di Beethoven’, RMI, iv (1897), 17–43; pubd separately, enlarged as Beethoven in zeitgenössischen Bildnis (Vienna, 1923)

Geschichte der Wiener Gemäldesammlungen (Leipzig, 1899–1901)

Ludwig van Beethoven (Berlin, 1901, 6/1922)

ed.: Beethovens sämtliche Briefe, ii–iii (Berlin, 1909–11)

Beethoven-Forschung: lose Blätter (Vienna, 1915–25)

ed.: G. Nottebohm: Thematisches Verzeichnis der im Druck erschienenen Werke von Ludwig van Beethoven (Leipzig, 1925/R)

Beethoven-Handbuch (Leipzig, 1926/R)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Lhotsky: Festschrift des kunsthistorischen Museums zur Feier des fünfzigjährigen Bestandes, ii: Die Geschichte der Sammlungen (Vienna, 1945)

L. Schiedermair: Musikalische Begegnungen (Cologne, 1948), 178ff

D.W. MacArdle: Beethoven Abstracts (Detroit, 1973)

MALCOLM TURNER

Frisbie, Charlotte J(ohnson)

(b Hazleton, PA, 20 Dec 1940). American ethnomusicologist and anthropologist. She took the MA in ethnomusicology in 1964 at Wesleyan University, where she studied with D.P. McAllester; in 1970 she took the doctorate in anthropology at the University of New Mexico. She was appointed professor of anthropology at Southern Illinois University in 1970. She also served as president of the Society for Ethnomusicology (1987–9). She began researching Navajo culture and music in 1962 and her first book, a study of the Navajo girl's puberty ceremony (1967), is an example of the detailed documentation and analysis of music, language and ritual that has become her hallmark. She is also known for her groundbreaking work on music and gender.

WRITINGS

‘Navajo Corn Grinding Songs’, EthM, viii (1964), 101–20

Kinaaldá: a Study of the Navajo Girl's Puberty Ceremony (Middletown, CT, 1967/R)

Music and Dance Research of Southwestern United States Indians: Past Trends, Present Activities and Suggestions for Future Research (Detroit, 1977)

ed., with D.P. McAllester: Navajo Blessingway Singer: the Autobiography of Frank Mitchell (1881–1967) (Tucson, AZ, 1978)

‘An Approach to the Ethnography of Navajo Ceremonial Performance’, Ethnography of Musical Performance, ed. N. McLeod and M. Herndon (Norwood, PA, 1980), 75–104

ed.: Southwestern Indian Ritual Drama (Albuquerque, 1980/R)

‘Vocables in Navajo Ceremonial Music’, EthM, xxiv (1980), 347–93

‘Traditional Navajo Women: Ethnographic and Life History Portrayals’, American Indian Quarterly, vi (1982), 11–33

ed.: Explorations in Ethnomusicology: Essays in Honor of David P. McAllester, (Detroit, 1986) [incl. ‘Navajo Ceremonialists in the Pre-1970 Political World’, 79–96]

Navajo Medicine Bundles or Jish: Acquisition, Transmission and Disposition in the Past and Present (Albuquerque, 1987)

‘Gender and Navajo Music: Unanswered Questions’, Women in North American Indian Music: Six Essays, ed. R. Keeling (Bloomington, IN, 1989), 22–38

‘Women and the Society for Ethnomusicology: Roles and Contributions from Formation through Incorporation (1952/53–1961)’, Comparative Musicology and Anthropology of Music: Essays on the History of Ethnomusicology, ed. B. Nettl and P.V. Bohlman (Chicago, 1991), 244–65

‘Temporal Change in Navajo Religion, 1868–1990’, Journal of the Southwest, xxxiv (1993), 457–514

VICTORIA LINDSAY LEVINE

Frischmuth, Johann Christian

(b Schwabhausen, nr Gotha, 25 Nov 1741; d Berlin, 31 July 1790). German composer. Son of the teacher and choirmaster Johann Elias Frischmuth (b 1704), he toured with several theatrical troupes as an actor, singer and Kapellmeister, specializing in playing comic old men. In 1775 he was at Münster, from 1775 to 1780 at Gotha and from 1780 with Ackermann’s troupe at Hamburg. Having had little success in Hamburg, he spent some time without employment in Gotha and Ohrdruf, but from 1782 he was an actor and Kapellmeister for Döbbelin’s troupe in Berlin, where his Singspiels Das Mondenreich and Clarisse, oder Das unbekannte Dienstmädchen had been performed in 1769 and 1775 respectively. After the departure of the music director Johann André (1784) Frischmuth became chief Kapellmeister. When Döbbelin’s theatre was reorganized as the Nationaltheater (1786) Frischmuth was able to retain his position; in 1788 C.B. Wessely was appointed his assistant with equal powers. Of Frischmuth’s works only the vocal score of Clarisse, dated 1771 (D-Bsb), and the libretto of Das Mondenreich (Schatz Collection, US-Wc) are extant; other operas (Die kranke Frau, ?1773; Der Kobold) and 12 violin duets op.5 (Berlin, ?1765) are lost. Frischmuth was not identical with the J.C. Frischmuth living in Schwabhausen in 1797, a teacher and choirmaster who composed the Zwölf leichte Orgelstücke (Leipzig, 1813) and several vocal works.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

EitnerQ

C. von Ledebur: Tonkünstler-Lexicon Berlin’s (Berlin, 1861/R)

GERHARD ALLROGGEN