segregation. Has AA ever offered an amends
(aadavidi at yahoo.com)
I was told by a member raised in coastal South Carolina about the experience
of
an
A.A. group in the Myrtle Beach, S.C. area during the Jim Crow days. It seems
a
black
man came to this group seeking help and being an alcoholic they knew they
were
obliged to do what they could for him. Of course the local laws forbid his
entering the same building with the white folks. They held a group
conscience,
prayed on the matter and someone came up with the idea of placing a chair in
the
doorway for the black man to sit in during the meetings. This way the law
was
not violated because he was not exactly included nor was our 3rd tradition
violated because he was not exactly excluded.
- - - -
From: Sober186@aol.com (Sober186 at aol.com)
About 15 or 20 years ago I listened to a panel of Old Timers at a local
gathering which included an Afrcan American. He related that he had been in
the
Air Force based in a southern state, and after several drunken escapades,
his
commanding officer ordered him to attend AA meetings. There were no "Colored
Only" meetings.
The community or state had laws which made it illegal for blacks to attend
any
gathering with whites, but he showed up at the local AA meeting anyway. The
members of the local AA group decided they could place a chair for lthe
African
American in the hallway just outside the door of their meeting room. The
members
then arranged their own chairs so that the black man was included in the
circle,
even though he would not technically be in the same room in which the
meeting
for whites was held.
Jim L.
Columbus, Ohio
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++++Message 5748. . . . . . . . . . . . Re: Early AA meeting formats
From: azmikefitz . . . . . . . . . . . . 5/30/2009 7:42:00 PM
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As some of the group members are aware recently we launched a new website
that
hosts many early A.A. talks, www.recoveryspeakers.org, one talk that will be
of
interest related to the early times is "Annv of St Thomas" Sister Ignatia.
This
recording has several of the members from the Kings School original group
speaking at the beginning of the meeting, followed by a great talk by Bill
W.
and a very short talk by Sister Ignatia, her last recorded talk.
Bob E. sober since 1936 talks a bit about going upstairs at T Henry's house
in
Akron.
Please note that this site is now available for free downloading but does
need
support. In our first week we have averaged 100 visitors per day who have
been
enjoying thousands of downloaded talks.
The comments we have received have been wonderful and we are most grateful
for
any support.
Sincerely,
Mike F
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++++Message 5749. . . . . . . . . . . . Re: How did AA in Southern U.S. in
40''s and 50''s deal with Jim Crow?
From: johnlawlee . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/1/2009 7:48:00 PM
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--- In AAHistoryLovers@yahoogroups.com,
"tomvlll" wrote:
>
> How did AA deal with the Jim Crow laws (the
> rigid segregation laws) of that period? Did
> they have segregated meetings?
>
The Jim Crow laws were limited to public
accomodations, so they would have had little
to do with AA. Private gatherings were not
restricted by the Jim Crow laws.
About the only time the Jim Crow laws would
have come into play would have been where
an AA meeting was held in a public facility,
such as a school, courthouse, train station,
restaurant or town hall. Blacks would have
had to use designated restrooms and drinking
fountains in those buildings.
I suspect Bill Wilson's concern in the period
1940-64 was to not involve AA in an area of
public controversy. Bill was about as
colorblind and inclusive as they came, but
he was very sensitive on public perception
of the Fellowship.
John Lee
Pittsburgh
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++++Message 5750. . . . . . . . . . . . First black AA group was in
Washington D.C.
From: jenny andrews . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/2/2009 4:14:00 AM
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Did Jim's Story first appear in the Big Book
in the second edition? ("This physician, one
of the earliest members of AA's first black
group, tells of how freedom came as he worked
among his people.")
The group was in Washington: "... we met at
Ella G.'s. It was Charlie G. and three or four
others. That was the first meeting of a
colored group in AA as far as I know ...
Charlie, my sponsor was white, and when we
got our group started, we got help from other
white groups in Washington. They came, many
of them, and stuck by us and told us how to
hold meetings ..."
Anyone know the date, it was after 1940?
Jim was born in Virginia. He wrote, "I don't
think I suffered too much as far as the
racial situation was concerned because I
was born into it and knew nothing other
than that. A man (sic) wasn't actually
mistreated, though if he was, he could only
resent it. He could do nothing about it...
On the other hand, I got quite a different
picture farther south..."
Laurie A.
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++++Message 5751. . . . . . . . . . . . First black AA group was in
Washington D.C. -- or Chicago?
From: Glenn Chesnut . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/2/2009 6:32:00 PM
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WASHINGTON, D.C.
Jim's Story in the Big Book (Jim Scott MD,
Washington, DC). Some regard this as having
been the first black AA group: April 1945.
Big Book, 2nd edition #471, 3rd edition #483,
4th edition 232
http://www.a-1associates.com/westbalto/HISTORY_PAGE/Authors.htm
(or http://silkworth.net/aabiography/storyauthors.html )
This account says (but without giving a date):
"When repairing an electric outlet for a
friend, to earn some drinking money, he met
Ella G., whom he had known years before but
didn't recognize. Ella arranged for Jim to
meet 'Charlie G.' who became his sponsor.
Charlie was a white man. The following Sunday
he met with Ella, Charlie, and three or four
others at Ella's house. 'That was the first
meeting of a colored group in A.A.,' so far
as Jim knew."
"Jim spoke at the 'God as We Understand Him'
meeting held Sunday morning at the International
Convention in St. Louis in 1955. Bill wrote in
'A.A. Comes of Age:'"
"'Deep silence fell as Dr. Jim S., the A.A.
speaker, told of his life experience and the
serious drinking that led to the crises which
had brought about his spiritual awakening.
He re-enacted for us his own struggle to start
the very first group among Negroes, his own
people. Aided by a tireless and eager wife,
he had turned his home into a combined hospital
and A.A. meeting place, free to all. He told
how early failure had finally been transformed
under God's grace into amazing success, we who
listened realized that A.A., not only could
cross seas and mountains and boundaries of
language and nation but could surmount obstacles
of race and creed as well.'"
Bob Pearson, Manuscript of A.A. World History,
page 44, gives a date:
"The Washington Colored Group was founded in
April '45 by Jimmy S. It later changed its
name to the Cosmopolitan Group to convey the
fact that it was 'a group for all people, all
races; it doesn't matter who you are.'"
____________________________________
CHICAGO:
Chicago however appears to have had a black AA
group started a month earlier, in March 1945:
http://hindsfoot.org/Nblack3.html
GLENN: Now what year did you come into A.A.
in Chicago?
BILL WILLIAMS: I think it 'uz, umn ....
JIMMY H.: Forty-five .... It was December '45.
Cause [Earl] Redmond came in in March, you told
me ....
BILL WILLIAMS: But anyway, I know Redmond
came in in March, and I came in that following
December.
GLENN: So when you came to South Bend [in 1948]
you had about four or five years sobriety behind
you? You had a good program by then.
BILL WILLIAMS: Oh yeah, I was pretty solid. I
knew by that time that it was going to work . . . .
GLENN: Now when you came into A.A. in Chicago,
in 1945, did you hit trouble there too? Was
there a color bar .... there in Chicago in
1945? I don't know anything about Chicago.
BILL WILLIAMS: Oh yeah! Yeah, it was the same
thing. It's still prejudiced, even now [1999].
GLENN: How did you deal with that? In Chicago,
in 1945?
BILL WILLIAMS: Well, I was born in Texas.
RAYMOND: He's a cowboy! [Laughter]
____________________________________
So what further information can our AA historians
from Washington D.C. and Chicago give us? I
know that in Chicago, the Evans Avenue group
still meets, although they have moved to a new
location. I have visited their new building,
and there were photographs of Earl Redmond
and so on, and there also appeared to be a
lot of other material there of great archival
significance.
Glenn C.
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++++Message 5752. . . . . . . . . . . . Re: How did AA in Southern U.S. in
40''s and 50''s deal with Jim Crow?
From: Tom Hickcox . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/2/2009 4:54:00 PM
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At 18:48 6/1/2009, johnlawlee wrote:
>--- In AAHistoryLovers@yahoogroups.com,
>"tomvlll" wrote:
> >
> > How did AA deal with the Jim Crow laws (the
> > rigid segregation laws) of that period? Did
> > they have segregated meetings?
> >
>
>The Jim Crow laws were limited to public
>accomodations, so they would have had little
>to do with AA. Private gatherings were not
>restricted by the Jim Crow laws.
>
>About the only time the Jim Crow laws would
>have come into play would have been where
>an AA meeting was held in a public facility,
>such as a school, courthouse, train station,
>restaurant or town hall. Blacks would have
>had to use designated restrooms and drinking
>fountains in those buildings.
>
>I suspect Bill Wilson's concern in the period
>1940-64 was to not involve AA in an area of
>public controversy. Bill was about as
>colorblind and inclusive as they came, but
>he was very sensitive on public perception
>of the Fellowship.
I would say this oversimplifies it quite a bit.
I do remember in the early '60s the police
pulling blacks out of white churches and whites
out of black churches in the south without any
request from the congregations. Separation
meant separation. Bus stations, train stations,
airports, movie theaters, sports stadia were
segregated.
I moved to Shreveport, Louisiana, in the fall
of 1946, and, except for several years in the
middle '60s, have lived in Louisiana since
and observed segregation up close. I
attended Centenary College in Shreveport,
class of 1961. By the time I graduated, some
of my fellow students were making contacts in
the black community. While there was no
reaction by the college administration, there
was from the community and politicians.
Waking up in the morning and finding garbage
on your lawn was the first sign you had
disturbed the powers that were.
While private gatherings may not have been
unlawful, they were often noticed and there
likely were consequences.
Tommy H in Baton Rouge
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++++Message 5753. . . . . . . . . . . . Re: First black AA group was in
Washington D.C. -- or Chicago?
From: Cindy Miller . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/5/2009 11:18:00 AM
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On Sunday, March 22, 2009, members of my HomeGroup rented a van and
we drove to Washington, DC - where the Reeves Club was holding its'
"4th Annual AA Old-Timers Speakers Jamm"
This event was also a celebration of the Cosmopolitan Club, and every
hour, the group read portions of "Jim's Story".
The event was absolutely outstanding--each speaker had over 20 years
sobriety--the event lasted from noon- 7pm and also included dinner.
History of the Cosmopolitan Club (as it was printed in the programs):
In April of 1945, Mrs. Ella B. Gant, a non-alcoholic arranged a
meeting between Charlie G., a white man and sober member of A.A., And
Jim S., a black man and an alcoholic who was still drinking. Mrs.
Gant had known Charlie when he was drinking and he had told her about
how AA had helped him. Upon hearing his story, she arranged for the
two to meet.
Out of that meeting was born the Washington Colored Group, the first
Black AA group. The group survived with the help of Charlie G., Bill
A., and Chase H. of the Old Central Group; DC's pioneer group of
Alcoholics Anonymous. Stories of our group have been handed down from
one generation of recovering drunks to the next. One story is that
sometimes there would be no one at the meetings, except Jim and his
wife, Vi S.
Jim S., in his story, reveals that "They came, many of them (white
AA's) and stuck by us and told us how to hold meetings, and how to do
12 Step work.
Most of the 12 Step work was done at a new alcoholic clinic located
at 7th & P Street, N.W. It was at this clinic that the group met
Julius S., whose sobriety dates from 1945 and who is the sole
survivor of that small band of recovering people.
The groups' first meeting were held in the home of Mrs. Gant. They
then met several times in the home of Mrs. Gant's mother.
The Group of approximately 15 men & women, with sobriety ranging from
a few weeks to one year, grew to nearly 30 members in the second year.
Jim S. began to seek space for a meeting. He approached several
ministers who praised what he was doing, but they did not offer
space. He then approached the Anthony Bowen YMCA at 12th & S Streets,
N.W. The "Y" rented a room to the group for $2.00 per night.
In this second year, the group's name was changed from the Washington
Colored Group to the Cosmopolitan Group of Alcoholics Anonymous--an
indicator that all suffering alcoholics were welcome regardless of
race. That group tradition remains in effect today.
Often, a YMCA employee would come to the meeting room door, and
beckon two or more members, then leave the room, on their way to
"Carry the Message"
These pioneers began to take their message to other cities:
Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York City and Fredericksburg, VA.
Members of the group also included traveling sales men, with all the
energy of a crusaders, who took the message up and down the East
Coast as well.
In 1947, the House District Committee of the 80th Congress held the
first Federal hearing dealing with alcoholism and the need for
rehabilitation. At the hearing, Julius S., of our group testified
that he had not had a drink for 18 months! The Traditions, one of
which deals with Anonymity were confirmed by the A.A. Convention in
1950.
In 1950, the DC Police Court allowed AA into the courtroom where
meetings were held on Saturday mornings. Bob C., a probation officer,
began sending probationers to the Cosmopolitan Group. At a later
date, attendance at the weekly AA meeting became one of the
conditions of release. It was at the 1955 AA Convention, held in St.
Louis, that our founder, Jim S., became the first black person to
address a national AA Convention.
In 1970 or '71, the group moved to the Petworth Church located on
Grant Circle of Northwest Washington, and from there in 1975 to the
Peoples' Congregational Church.
Currently, we meet at the Emory Methodist Church every Monday and
Friday now at 8:oopm. We've been here since April, 1993. Jim S.'s
story reveals theat in the first fev month s of his sobriety, he
gathered up alcoholics in an attempt to save the world. He wanted to
give this new "something" to everyone who had a problem. Well, his
story concludes, "We didn't save the world, but we did manage to help
some individuals."
The Cosmopolitan Group would like to acknowledge the research and
time put forth by Dicker S. in compiling this paper.
Best,
Cindy Miller
Sunday Morning Group at the 4021 Clubhouse
Philadelphia, PA
-cm
`·.¸¸.·´¯`·.¸.·´¯`·...¸><((((º>
- - - -
On Jun 2, 2009, at 6:32 PM, Glenn Chesnut wrote:
>
>
> WASHINGTON, D.C.
>
> Jim's Story in the Big Book (Jim Scott MD,
> Washington, DC). Some regard this as having
> been the first black AA group: April 1945.
>
> Big Book, 2nd edition #471, 3rd edition #483,
> 4th edition 232
>
> http://www.a-1associates.com/westbalto/HISTORY_PAGE/Authors.htm
>
> (or http://silkworth.net/aabiography/storyauthors.html )
>
> This account says (but without giving a date):
>
> "When repairing an electric outlet for a
> friend, to earn some drinking money, he met
> Ella G., whom he had known years before but
> didn't recognize. Ella arranged for Jim to
> meet 'Charlie G.' who became his sponsor.
> Charlie was a white man. The following Sunday
> he met with Ella, Charlie, and three or four
> others at Ella's house. 'That was the first
> meeting of a colored group in A.A.,' so far
> as Jim knew."
>
> "Jim spoke at the 'God as We Understand Him'
> meeting held Sunday morning at the International
> Convention in St. Louis in 1955. Bill wrote in
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