59
gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis konvencias
korufciasTan brZolis Sesaxeb (2005 UNCAC) saqarTvelo
2008 wlis 4 noembers SeuerTda. garda amisa, korufcias-
Tan brZolis sakiTxSi saqarTvelos asrulebs korufciis
winaaRmdeg mebrZol evrosabWos saxelmwifoTa jgufis
(GRECO), ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis da ganviTarebis or-
ganizaciis (OECD) da gaeros narkotikebTan da danaSaul-
Tan brZolis ofisis (UNODC) mier SemuSavebuli rekomen-
daciebsac
3
. saqarTvelo aris evropis sabWos korufcias-
Tan brZolis jgufis Group of States Against Corruption (1999
wlidan) da ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis
organizaciis aRmosavleT evropis da centraluri aziis
antikorufciuli qselis wevri (OECD-ACN)
4
.
korufciasTan brZolis valdebuleba aseve gaTva-
liswinebul iqna asocirebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis me-2
muxlis me-3 nawiliT, amave SeTanxmebis me-17 muxliT ki
saqarTvelo aqtiuri da pasiuri korufciis winaaRmdeg
brZo lis valdebulebas iRebs rogorc kerZo, aseve saja-
ro seqtorSi.
sxvadaxva saerTaSoriso aqtivobebis da saxelmwifos
mier korufciis winaaRmdeg brZolis miuxedavad 2007 wli-
saTvis korufciis maCvenebeli Corruption perseption Index-iT
dadgenili maCveneblebis mixedviT saqarTveloSi 1-dan
3-mde iyo da amgvarad, saqarTvelo msoflios erT-erT
yvelaze korumpirebul qveyanaTa ricxvs miekuTvneboda.
aSkara iyo, rom saqarTvelo evropasTan ekonomiuri da
3
dawvrilebiT ix.
uruSaZe,
Kkorufciis winaaRmdeg brZola da sajaro sam-
saxuris reforma, publikaciaSi: asocirebis dRis wesrigis politikuri
nawilis Sefaseba, pirveli wlis Sefaseba, noemberi, 2015 weli, Tbilisi,
saqarTvelo, gv. 37. https://www.osgf.ge/files/2015/2015/publication/Book_GEO_
WEB.pdf (06.01.2017, 15:00)
4
2015-2016 wlebis erovnuli antikorufciuli samoqmedo gegmis Ses-
rulebis angariSi ix. http://procurement.gov.ge/getattachment/CooperationInterna-
tionalPublic/saertashoriso-angarishebi/asg-shes-prog-ang.pdf.aspx (09.01.2017, 20:49). an-
gariSebi 2004 wlidan ix. Istanbul Anti-corruption Action Plan country reports. https://
www.oecd.org/corruption/acn/istanbulactionplancountryreports.htm
60
samarTlebrivi urTierTobebis gansamtkiceblad koruf-
ciis problemis daZlevas saWiroebda. Sesabamisad, saqar-
Tvelos korufciasTan mimarTebaSi metad Zneli „saSinao
davaleba“ hqonda Sesasrulebeli.
dReisaTvis „msoflio samarTlis proeqtis“ Tanaxmad,
saqarTvelo pirvel adgilzea korufciis dabali maCveneb-
liT aRmosavleT evropisa da centraluri aziis 13 qveya-
nas Soris, msoflios 102 qveyanaTa Soris ki 29-e adgilze.
saqarTveloSi gamokiTxulTa Soris mxolod 4%- ze nakle-
bi acxadebs, rom mas odesme miucia qrTami. am TvalsaCino
warmatebas mravali organizaciuli da sakanonmdeblo
cvli leba uZRoda win.
postsabWoTa saqarTveloSi yovlismomcveli koruf-
ciis da nepotizmis winaaRmdeg brZola 2004 wels xeli-
suflebaSi mosulma axalma xelisuflebam iTava. ganxor-
cielebuli reformebis mizani sajaro sivrcis da sawar-
moo urTierTobebis korufciisagan gaTavisufleba da
amgvarad evropuli Rirebulebebisadmi miaxloeba iyo.
antikorufciuli politika rogorc sakadro politikaSi
(kadrebis cvlileba da axali kadrebisaTvis xelfasis mo-
mateba), aseve organizaciul gardaqmnebSi, sasjelis nega-
tiuri prevenciis win wamowevasa da kanonmdeblis gacxare-
bul aqtiurobaSi gamoixata.
kanonmdebeli korufcias cxovrebis sxvadasxva sfero-
Si ebrZvis, amitomac korufciis winaaRmdeg sabrZolve-
lad miRebuli normebi mTel sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSia
gabneuli.
2. korufciasTan dakavSirebuli sakanonmdeblo
cvlilebebi saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi
korufciasTan sabrZolvelad saqarTveloSi sakanonmdeb-
lo cvlilebaTa mTeli paketi Sevida ZalaSi. ukve 1997
wels miRebul iqna kanoni „sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa
SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis Sesaxeb“, romelmac dRe-
vandlamde mravali transformacia ganicada.
61
qarTuli sinamdvilisaTvis kritikas imsaxurebs am ka-
nonis me-3 muxlis me-4 nawili moxelis dausabuTebeli qo-
nebis Sesaxeb, romelmac gaeros aRniSnuli konvenciis me-
20 muxli gadmoiRo (illicit enrichment, Unerlaubte Bereicherung)
5
da sisxlis samarTalSi antikuri drois tradiciuli prin-
cipi, mtkicebis tvirTis saxelmwifosaTvis dakisrebaze
(necessitas probandi incumbit ei qui agit) faqtiurad baTilad iqna
cnobili.
korufcia literaturaSi ganimarteba rogorc saxel-
mwifo Zalauflebis aradaniSnulebisamebr, aralegiti-
murad gamoyeneba piradi an jgufuri gamorCenisaTvis
6
.
anu, korufciisas saxelmwifos institucionalizebuli
monopolizebuli Zalaufleba kerZo interesebisaTvis
gamoiyeneba. gamoiyofa korufciis sami sxvadasxva done:
korufcia samTavrobo doneze, korufcia saxelmwifosa
da moqalaqis urTierTobis WrilSi da korufcia politi-
kuri zegavlenis mopovebisaTvis. qarTveli kanonmdebeli
am mravalferovani problemis sakanonmdeblo dareguli-
rebas Seecada, AamasTan, gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieq-
ca korufcias saxelmwifosa da moqalaqis urTierTobis
Wril Si. sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi Semotanil iqna axali
Semadgenlobebi, romlebic tradiciuli qrTamis aRebis
da qrTamis micemis gverdiT korufciuli danaSaulis sxva
saxeebsac iTvaliswinebs. garda amisa, qarTvelma kanonmde-
belma qrTamis aRebis Semadgenloba korufciasTan brZo-
lis Sesaxeb evrosabWos 1999 wlis konvenciis debulebebs
srulad Seusabama
7
.
2006 wlis 14 dekembers saqarTvelo korufciasTan
brZolis evropul konvencias SeuerTda (1999 weli) da
Sesabamisad, qarTul sisxlis samarTlis kodeqss sxvadasx-
5
https://www.unodc.org/documents/brussels/UN_Convention_Against_Corruption.pdf
(06.01.2017, 15:11).
6
samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqsikoni, http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=ter-
m&d=6&t=4882 (nanaxia 06.01.2017).
7
http://www.coe.int/de/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/treaty/173/signa-
tures?p_auth=ZF0vtWrm (nanaxia 09.01.2017).
Dostları ilə paylaş: |