Microsoft Word Deleuze, Guattari- a thousand Plateaus
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NOTES TO PP. 356-362 □ 553
11. These themes are analyzed by Mathieu Carriere in an as yet unpublished study of Kleist. 12. Pierre Clastres, Society against the State, trans. Robert Hurley (New York: Uri-zen, 1977), and "Archeologie de la violence: la guerre dans les societes primitives" and "Malheur du guerrier sauvage" in Recherches d'anthropologie politique (Paris: Seuil, 1980), pp. 171 -208, 209-248. In the last text, Clastres depicts the destiny of the warrior in primitive society and analyzes the mechanism that prevents the concentration of power (in the same way that Mauss demonstrated that the potlatch was a mechanism preventing the concentration of wealth). 13. Jacques Meunier, Les gaminsde Bogota (Paris: Lattes, 1977), p. 159 ("blackmail for dispersion") and p. 17 7: if necessary, "it is the other street children who, by means of a compli- cated interplay of humiliations and silence, get the idea across that he must leave the gang." Meunier emphasizes the degree to which the fate of the ex-gang member is jeopardized: not only for health reasons, but because he finds it hard to integrate himself into the criminal underworld, a society too hierarchical, too centralized, too centered on organs of power for him to fit into (p. 178). On child gangs, see also the novel by Jorge Amado, Capitaes de areia (Sao Paolo: Livraria Martins, 1944). 14. See I. S. Bernstein, "La dominance sociale chez les primates" in La Recherche, no. 91 (July 1978). 15. Clastres, Society against the State, p. 169: "The emergence of the State brought about the great typological division between Savage and Civilized man; it created the unbridgeable gulf whereby everything was changed, for, on the other side, Time became History." In order to account for this emergence, Clastres cites first a demographic factor ("but there is no ques- tion of replacing an economic determinism with a demographic determinism"; p. 180), then the possibility of a warring machine (?) running amok; he also cites, more unexpectedly, the indirect role of a certain mode of prophetic speech, which, directed first against the "chiefs," produces a formidable new kind of power. But one obviously cannot prejudge more elabo- rated solutions Clastres might have found for this problem. On the possible role of prophetic speech, refer to Helene Clastres, La terre sans mal, le prophetisme tupi-guarani (Paris: Edi- tions du Seuil, 1975). 16. Michel Serres, La naissance de la physique dans le texte de Lucrece. Fleuves et turbu- lences (Paris: Minuit, 1977). Serres was the first to make the first three points given in the text; the fourth seems to follow from them. 17. [ TRANS
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According to Serres, the clinamen, or declination of the atom, is the "mini- mal angle leading to the formation of a vortex, and appears by chance in a laminar flow" (La naissance de la physique, p. 14). The clinamen is the angle between a curve and its tangent, or "the smallest [angle] one can make, preventing anything from coming between the two lines which form it.... In other words, the angle appears at the same time as curvature" (p. 18). "The clinamen is a differential" (p. 11).] 18. [ TRANS
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A flow is laminar when, "no matter how small we make the layers (or lamel- lae) into which we divide the flow, they remain strictly parallel to one another in their move- ments"; Serres, ibid., p. 12.] 19. [ TRANS
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Turbo "is a round form in movement... a revolving cone or vortical spiral." "The origin of things and the beginning of order consists simply in the subtle passage from turba to turbo"; Serres, ibid., pp. 38-39.] 20. This is the distinction Pierre Boulez makes between two kinds of space-time in music: in striated space, the measure can be irregular or regular, but it is always assignable; in smooth space, the partition, or break, "can be effected at will." Boulez on Music Today, trans. 554 □ NOTES TO PP. 362-366
Susan Bradshaw and Richard Bennett (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971), p. 85.
21. Greek geometry is thoroughly marked by the opposition between these two poles, the theorematic and problematic, and by the relative triumph of the former: in his Commen- tary of the First Book of Euclid's Elements, trans, and intro. Glenn R. Murrow (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1970), Proclus analyzes the difference between the poles, taking the Speusippus-Menaechmus opposition as an example. Mathematics has always been marked by this tension also; for example, the axiomatic element has confronted a proble- matic, "intuitionist," or "constructivist" current emphasizing a calculus of problems very dif- ferent from axiomatics, or any theorematic approach. See Georges Bouligand, Le d'eclin des absolus mathematico-logiques (Paris: Ed. d'Enseignement Superieur, 1949). 22. Paul Virilio, L'insecurite du territoire (Paris: Stock, 1975), p. 120: "We know that the youth of geometry, geometry as free, creative investigation, came to an end with Ar- chimedes. . .. The sword of a Roman soldier cut the thread, tradition says. In killing geo- metrical creation, the Roman State lay the foundation for the geometrical imperialism of the West." 23. With Monge, and especially Poncelet, the limits of sensible, or even spatial, repre- sentation (striated space) are indeed surpassed, but less in the direction of a symbolic power (puissance) of abstraction than toward a transspatial imagination, or a transintuition (conti- nuity). See Leon Brunschvicg's commentary on Poncelet, Les etapes de la philosophic mathematique (Paris: PUF, 1947). 24. Michel Serres (La naissance de la physique, pp. 105-107) analyzes the opposition d'Alembert-Bernoulli from this point of view. More generally, what is at issue is the difference between two models of space: "In the Mediterranean basin there is a shortage of water, and he who harnesses water rules. Hence that world of physics in which the conduit is essential, and the clinamen seems like freedom because it is precisely a turbulence that rejects forced flow. Incomprehensible to scientific theory, incomprehensible to the master of the waters.... Hence the great figure of Archimedes: the master of floating bodies and military machines" (p. 106). 2 5. See Ben veniste, "The Notion of Rhythm in Its Linguistic Expression" in Problems in General Linguistics, trans. Mary Elizabeth Meek (Coral Gables, Fla.: University of Miami Press, 1971), pp. 281-288. This text, often considered decisive, seems ambiguous to us because it invokes Democritus and atomism without dealing with the hydraulic question, and because it treats rhythm as a "secondary specialization" of the form of the body (p. 286).
26. Anne Querrien, Devenir fonctionnaire ou le travail de I'Etat (Paris: Cerfi). We have drawn from this book, as well as from unpublished studies by Anne Querrien. 27. See Raoul Vergez, Les illumines de I'art royal. Huit siecles de compagnonnages (Paris: Julliard, 1976), p. 54. [ TRANS
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In the present context, trait refers to the cutting line fol- lowed by the artisan and to the working sketch of the construction under way. Vergez gives the following definition: "The Trait is a kind of graphic poem derived from geometry, which indi- cates the building plan in sketches drawn with precision on the ground, showing sections, ele- vations and all other projections, the three dimensions of a volume"; p. 86.] 28. Gerard Desargues, Oeuvres (Paris: Leiber, 1864). See also the text by Michel Chasles
M. Hayez, 1837)—Trans.], which establishes a continuity between Desargues, Monge, and Poncelet as the "founders of a modern geometry." 29. Anne Querrien, Devenir fonctionnaire, pp. 26-27: "Is the State founded upon the col- lapse of experimentation?. . . The State is not under construction, its construction sites must be short-lived. An installation is made to function, not to be socially constructed: from this Yüklə 5,43 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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