6.2. Typology of cultural concepts of English and Native languages Traditionally, theculture was understood in terms of formal or "high" culture
(literature, art, music, and philosophy) and popular or "low" culture. From this
perspective, one main reason for studying a language is to be able to understand
and appreciate the high culture of the people who speak that language. The pop
culture is regarded as inferior and not worthy of study.
Some scientists define culture as an integrated pattern of human behavior
that includes thoughts, communications, languages, practices, beliefs, values,
customs, courtesies, rituals, manners of interacting and roles, relationships and
expected behaviors of a racial, ethnic, religious or social group; and the ability to
transmit the above to succeeding generations.
In this understanding of "deep culture," language and culture are integral to
one another. The structure of language and the ways it is used reflect the norms
and values that members of a culture share. However, they also determine how
those norms and values are shared because language is the means through which
culture is transmitted.
The communicative competence model is based on this understanding of the
relationship between language and culture. Linguistic, discourse, sociolinguistic,
and strategic competence each incorporate facets of culture, and the development
of these competences is intertwined with the development of cultural awareness.
Key points for discussion:
Lingua culture in linguistics.
Understanding culture and language.
Cultural concept in compared languages.
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"The exquisite connection between the culture that is lived and the language that is
spoken can only be realized by those who possess a knowledge of both" [National
Standards in Foreign Language Education Project, 1999, p. 47].
According to