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any case, other statements of authorship of this kind of research and practical
programs having such a broad humanitarian message, complementing the
engineering and the return of metaphysics to science in the twentieth century,
are not known to me.
All these conflicting and associative connections show that Fuller did not live in a
cultural vacuum, and his work was probably part of (and very significant)
crystallization of those ideas that, as they say, are soaring in the air, which
resulted from a certain degree of self-denial of one rights. That is why it is logical
now to turn to Fuller's relations with other authors whose ideas seem to me
personally surprisingly adequately combined with his own engineering ideas, and
who had the same or almost the same universal human message as his. And to
present these relations at least fluently.
Since the adequacy of such a combination seems to be neither much nor little, a
way out to the fundamentals of a fundamentally new system of ideas about the
surrounding nature with very curious practical applications, the ones following
directly and looking very promising.
Fuller and others
Precisely because Fuller's ideas are very much in tune with the ideas of other
authors, I had to carefully read the shades of the meaning of the words he used,
or connotations.
First of all, it should be noted that the word "tension" is often translated as
"potential" or "stress" (especially when it comes to prestressed constructions),
but this is not entirely accurate, because in this and other works Fuller is talking
about the binary nature of mechanical categories, as "stress-compression",
"inward-outward", etc., while appealing to the universality of such a binary (see,
for example, his postulate "Unity is two" from Volume 1 of his Synergetics). Also,
Fuller has important shades of meaning: for example, some common, simple and
polysemantic words, in order to convey the poetic rhythm of Fuller's text,
sometimes had to be translated with a compound word – for example, "patterns"
as "structuretracery" ("стркутуроузоры"). Also sometimes, following the fuller's
marine metaphor, often found in his works, I use the word "islandised"
("островнированный") instead of "isolated" to translate "islanded", and in other
cases I also use "inventguage" of this kind. The expression "structural systems" I
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intentionally translate just as "structural ", and not "constructive", in view of the
essential importance of such a translation. Of course, other systems may have
different structural forms, but in this case, what is important in Fuller is that the
stability of the structures under consideration is just a universal systemic
character; In his discourse, it is important that the remarkable fact that structures
with fully hinged joints can form a stable structure. This fact of mechanics struck
him from the moment when, as he asserts in Tensegrity, Snelson brought him in
1948 an octahedral guyor design.
However, Fuller in the field of inventions quite clearly develops what he calls his
own and universal.
In explaining to Figure 14 of the article "Tensegrity" when it comes to replacing
compression elements by tension structures, the notion of scale is introduced into
circulation, which opens up the fractal discourse that is so widespread today in
superficial judgments about synergetic phenomena.
Of course, a cursory enumeration of the authors presented below comes with an
emphasis on the "American Leonardo" and is timed to the article of the latter.
However, all these outstanding personalities are quite and highly interesting in
comparison with each other and without regard to Fuller, which can already be
seen from the text below, for example, when it comes to Schauberger with his
ideas of vortices, very well falling on analogous ideas of the Tesla vortex
movement, or ideas of the Austrian forester about the vacuum, perfectly
combined with Fuller's ideas about sparseness-extension. In any case, the names
given below, associated with the Fuller name, are likely to be able to represent, at
least, an essential part (if not the foundation) of the paradigm of the new science,
replacing the scientific notions of the classical and non-classical epochs. But how
much it will be in demand, inscribed in the socio-economic processes, will be their
engine and the factor of existence – time will tell.
Fuller and Tesla
Experiment once conducted by Fuller with air area in the oil thicker, from which
formed the Platonic shapes due to vibration, is an excellent model of what
probably very clearly reproduces the processes similar to those that create
discovered by astronomers at the beginning of the XXI century a giant hexagon on
Saturn's south pole (nature which immediately rushed to call the unexplained,
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despite the presence of experimental precedent), correlates well with the ideas of
Tesla's cosmic bodies as sparse or bubbles in the cosmic ether. With this setting
Tesla associated representation of the Earth as an acoustic resonance conductor,
propagation speed within the Earth, as well as the idea of a unipolar dynamo as
electromagnetic model of the Earth.
Another reason why Tesla and Fuller are compatible is the idea of the universal
significance of spiral-vortex structures in the universe. Fuller's understanding of
triangles as spiral structures, in fact, on the one hand, and the countless spirals of
Tesla's coils, invariably following the level with the ideas of the world's ethereal
vortices shared by him, on the other. Here the most interesting, perhaps, is how
these ideas of both greats about spirals are able to combine in a single praxis;
otherwise, such a combination must be synergistic.
Another point in which Fuller touches Descartes and, through him, with Tesla (the
former hardened Cartesian who actually devoted his life to the realization of
Cartesian physics, "scientifically forbidden", unlike Cartesian mathematics, in the
modern academic milieu) is the theme of the sum of the angles tetrahedron, and
the fact that Descartes did not associate the angle at 720° with the quantum of
energy and the tetrahedral structure of this quantum.
In another case, when describing the properties of cuboktahedra in terms of
electromagnetism, Fuller directly refers to a phenomenon known as the skin
effect discovered in his time by Tesla.
Another point that brings Tesla and Fuller closer together is the concept of
harmonic, used by both authors, but each for their subject. Thus, Tesla turned to
him to explain the fluctuating and frequency phenomena in physics, in Fuller's
book 1 of his Synergetics, he meets in explaining the essence of the structure in
the thesis 610.30 (chapter "Structural Harmonics"), and is associated with the
tetra-octa- icosa to the octave as the structural correspondences of the micro,
medial and macrocosm formed by their geometric multiplicity of 3, 4, and 5
equilateral triangles with one common vertex forming the volume (whereas 6
such triangles form a plane). Taking into account the Fuller experiment
mentioned above with the vibration of a bubble in the thickness of the oil, the
harmonic as the basis for the convergence of the views of Tesla and Fuller
becomes even more evident.
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