On measures for further development of Higher Education System

d) Barbarisms and Foreignisms
In the vocabulary of the English language there is a considerable layer of words called barbarisms.
These are words of foreign origin which have not entirely been assimilated into the English language. They bear the appearance of a borrowing and are felt as something alien to the native tongue
There are foreign words in the English vocabulary which fulfil a terminological function.
As the example of barbarisms can serve the word “no- goodnic”. It is translated as “негодник”.
Special Colloquial Vocabulary
a) Slang
There is hardly any other term, that is as ambiguous and obscure as the term slang. Slang seems to mean everything that is below the standard of usage of present-day English.
In most of the dictionaries sl. (slang) is used as convenient stylistic notation for a word or a phrase that cannot be specified more exactly. The obscure etymology of the term itself affects its use as a stylistic notation. Whenever the notation appears in a dictionary it may serve as an indication that the unit presented is non-literary, but not pinpointed. That is the reason why the various dictionaries disagree in the use of this term when applied as a stylistic notation.
We can find a lot of examples of slang in teenagers’ dialogues. Girls and boys in Britain like to create their own world of words. I was able to find the examples of teens’ slang in some magazines:
• Crumbs! That girl is really choong, blud.
• Safe, man! You’re looking buff in your fresh creps and low batties.
Here we can see neutral equivalents of them:
• Crumbs! - Wow!
• choong- attractive
• blud; man - friend
• safe- hi
• buff- attractive
• creps- trainers
• low batties - trousers that hang really low on your waist
Now let’s look at the same phrases with neutral, or, so to say, normal words:
• Wow! That girl is really attractive, friend.
• Hi, friend! You’re looking attractive in your fresh trainers and trousers.
b) Jargonisms
In the non – literary vocabulary of the English language there is a group of words that are called jargonisms. Jargon is a recognized term for a group of words that exists in almost every language and whose aim is to preserve secrecy within one or another social group. Jargonisms are generally old words with entirely new meanings imposed on them. They may be defined as a code within a code, that is special meanings of words that are imposed on the recognized code—the dictionary meaning of the words.
Thus the word grease means ‘money’; loaf means ‘head’; a tiger hunter is ‘a gambler’; a lexer is ‘a student preparing for a law course’. [26, 83]
Jargonisms are social in character. They are not regional. In Britain and in the US almost any social group of people has its own jargon. The following jargons are well known in the English language: the jargon of thieves and vagabonds, generally known as cant; the jargon of the army, known as military slang; the jargon of sportsmen, and many others.