Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan
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- Figure 3 – Kalama Housing Types
- Table 3 – Single-Family House Value Trends $ thousands City 2010 2011
- Figure 4 – Employment Trends in Cowlitz County
- Figure 5 – Cowlitz County Employment Comparison
- Table 4 – Manufacturing Employment in Cowlitz County Average Employment Share of Total Industry
Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan June 1, 2015
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Figure 3 – Kalama Housing Types
Source: Washington State Office of Financial Management, Forecasting Division Prices for single-family houses are higher in Kalama than in most of Cowlitz County. According to estimates from Zillow, in January of 2015 the average value of a house in Kalama was $237,000, compared with a county average of $170,000. Values in Kalama have also seen a stronger recovery from recession-induced declines. Throughout the county values dropped between 2010 and 2012; by 2014, however, values in Kalama had surpassed those of 2010. Cowlitz County values did not surpass 2010 levels until early 2015. (See Table 3) Table 3 – Single-Family House Value Trends $ thousands City 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Castle Rock $191 $189
$182 $175
$187 $198
Kalama $222
$209 $195
$195 $237
$237 Kelso
$157 $145
$133 $131
$146 $151
Longview $162
$154 $143
$141 $154
$162 Woodland $240 $220
$210 $210
$250 $260
Cowlitz County $170
$164 $151
$149 $164
$170 Source: Zillow Kalama continues to have a shortage of entry-level housing, such as one- and two-bedroom apartments, with amenities attractive to young professionals and families. Employment
The size of the labor force in Cowlitz County has grown and shrunk several times since 1990. According to data from the Washington Employment Security Department, between 1990 and 1999 the number of workers in the county grew from approximately 38,300 to nearly 43,200. From 2000 through 2006 the number of workers varied between 42,400 and 43,400; from 2006 through 2009 the labor force grew to nearly 44,600, but by 2013 had dropped to 41,500. The unemployment rate saw three sharp increases between 1990 and 2013, each corresponding to economic recessions. From a low of 6.7 percent in 1990 the unemployment - 200
400 600
800 1,000
1,200 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
2009 2010
2011 2012
2013 2014
N u m b e r o f U n it s One Unit Housing Units Two or More Housing Units Mobile Home and Special Housing Units
Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan June 1, 2015
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rate jumped to 10.2 percent and 10.3 percent in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Over the next several years the unemployment rate dropped, and then remained in the 6.3 percent to 7.7 percent range from 1997 through 2000. (See Figure 4) During the recession that began in 2001 the unemployment rate in Cowlitz County jumped to 9.4 percent, and then remained above 10.0 percent in 2002 and 2003 before dropping. By 2007 the rate had fallen all the way back to 6.3%, but the most recent recession hit harder than the previous two. The unemployment rate shot back up to 13.4 percent in 2009 and remained above 13.0 percent in 2010. The rate fell in each succeeding year, but remained above 10.0 percent in 2013. (Unemployment data is not available for cities with population less than 25,000).
Source: Washington Employment Security Department The distribution of jobs throughout the State, as well as the country, has been evolving from manufacturing to trade and services. This shift is also occurring in Cowlitz County. As illustrated in Figure 5, the service sector in Cowlitz County now accounts for almost twice as many jobs as manufacturing. The number of manufacturing jobs in Cowlitz County dropped from 7,200 in 2005 to fewer than 6,000 in 2010, but rose back to 6,300 in 2014. Employment in services grew from 11,800 in 2005 to nearly 12,200 in 2014. Government employment remained essentially flat from 2005 through 2014, with approximately 5,600 jobs, while employment in retail trade fell from approximately 4,500 jobs in 2005 to 4,300 jobs in both 2010 and 2014. 0% 2%
6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
16% - 5,000 10,000 15,000
20,000 25,000
30,000 35,000
40,000 45,000
50,000 Unemp
loy ment
Rate Num
ber of Workers
Unemployed Employed
Unemp. Rate Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan June 1, 2015
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Figure 5 – Cowlitz County Employment Comparison
Source: Washington Employment Security Department Employment in Manufacturing Employment in the manufacturing sector in Cowlitz County has always been dominated by the forest products industry and this is still the case, despite an overall decline in manufacturing employment. Two sectors in particular, “Paper and Allied Products” and “Lumber and Wood Products”, have historically accounted for most manufacturing jobs in the county: in 2005, the two forest products sectors provided 58 percent of the approximately 7,200 manufacturing jobs in the county, but this share dropped to 50 percent in 2010 and to 49 percent in 2014. (See Table 4) Table 4 – Manufacturing Employment in Cowlitz County Average Employment Share of Total Industry 2005 2010 2014 2005 2010 2014 Paper
2,933 2,093
2,175 41%
35% 34%
Wood products 1,275
904 918
18% 15%
15% Machinery 404 305
495 6%
5% 8%
Fabricated metal products 241
234 326
3% 4%
5% Chemicals 191 196
251 3%
3% 4%
Nonmetallic mineral products 104
185 194
1% 3%
3% Furniture and related products 101 173
115 1%
3% 2%
Plastics and rubber products --
87 89
-- 1%
1% Printing and related activities 80 56
28 1%
1% 0%
Other 1,876
1,716 1,736
26% 29%
27% Total
7,205 5,949
6,327 100%
100% 100%
Source: BST Associates, WA State Employment Security Dept The drop in total manufacturing employment is due primarily to the drop in the forest products manufacturing sectors. All manufacturing jobs experienced a net loss of fewer than 900, while the forest products sector alone lost 1,100 jobs. This means that manufacturing sectors other than forest products actually saw an increase in jobs between 2005 and 2014. 0 2,000 4,000 6,000
8,000 10,000
12,000 14,000
Ag., Forestry, Fishing Mining
Construction Manufacturing Transp. & Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade FIRE
Services Government Covered Employment 2014
2010 2005
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